施工合同管理的问题及对策的探讨

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BEIJING, March 31 (Xinhua) -- China has announced the launch of a long-awaited growth enterprise board on May 1 as a new direct financing platform for innovative companies.     Companies that seek listing at the new Nasdaq-like second board should have net assets of at least 20 million yuan and be open for business for more than three years, the country's securities regulator said in a set of guidelines that was made public in the small hours Tuesday and take effect on May 1. The Shanghai Composite Index gained 15.17 points, or 0.64 percent to 2,373.21 on Nasdaq-style second board launch in China, Mar.31,2009    The China Securities Regulatory Commission also requires the issuer stay in the black for the recent two consecutive years with combined profits of at least 10 million yuan, or report profits of at least 5 million yuan for the most recent year on revenues of at least 50 million yuan, with annual revenue growth of at least 30 percent in the recent two years.     A CSRC spokesman called the move "an important measure to improve the structure of China's capital market and expand the market's depth and width."     The proposal of establishing a second board was first put forth more than a decade ago. In 2004, a mini second board for small and medium-size enterprises was set up at the Shenzhen Stock Exchange to test the waters..     Small and medium-size enterprises have long been a pillar in China's economy, which has grown to the world's third largest

BEIJING, March 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese State Councilor Ma Kai asked for more active policy to boost employment, guarantee economic growth, people's livelihood and social stability here on Monday.     Ma made the comments when addressing the opening ceremony of China National School of Administration.     He suggested that policies to boost economic growth and enhance economic structure should be combined more closely with the effort to create job opportunities.     Measures should be taken to relieve companies' burdens and maintain existing positions for employees, Ma said.     He also encouraged job seekers to start their own businesses, and adjust their job expectations.     Ma highlighted the importance of creating jobs for university graduates, migrant workers, veterans and families with no income.

CARACAS, Feb. 17 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping delivered a keynote speech at a seminar here Tuesday, elaborating on bilateral ties, cooperation and common development between China and Venezuela.        BRIGHT FUTURE FOR BILATERAL TIES     In his speech at the opening ceremony of a seminar attended by entrepreneurs from both China and Venezuela, Xi said bilateral ties have seen comprehensive and fast growth since the establishment of diplomatic ties 35 years ago, particularly after the two countries built their strategic partnership for common development in 2001. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping makes a speech at a business seminar in Caracas, Venezuela, Feb. 17, 2009. Xi arrived in Caracas Tuesday for an official visit to Venezuela. Both sides have enjoyed close high-level exchanges, strengthened mutual political trust and fruitful cooperation in all areas, he said.     Venezuela has become China's fourth biggest oil provider and fifth largest trade partner in Latin America, with bilateral trade volume reaching a record 9.85 billion U.S. dollars in 2008 -- a year-on-year increase of 68.2 percent, said Xi.     He noted that the strengthening of friendly, mutually beneficial cooperation is in keeping with the fundamental interests of both peoples. It is also conducive to the common development of the two countries as well as to relations between China and Latin America as a whole. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (1st L) talks with Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez (1st R) at a business seminar in Caracas, Venezuela, Feb. 17, 2009Xi said he had held "very fruitful talks" with Vice President Ramon Carrizales on Tuesday.     "We both are very enthusiastic and determined to develop friendly cooperation between our two countries."     To that end, Xi proposed that both China and Venezuela focus on the following four aspects:     First, both nations should focus on common development and boost mutual political trust. China and Venezuela should view each other from a strategic perspective and adhere to the principles of mutual trust, mutual assistance, reciprocity and mutual benefits. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (L) shakes hands with Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez at a business seminar in Caracas, Venezuela, Feb. 17, 2009"We should reinforce political dialogue, broaden strategic common grounds, deepen mutual political trust, constantly enrich the contents of strategic partnership, and promote a long-term stable reciprocal cooperation in an all-around way," the Chinese vice president said.     Secondly, he said the two countries should further improve their cooperative mechanism and upgrade cooperation.     This mechanism, namely the Sino-Venezuelan inter-governmental commission founded eight years ago, "has played an active role in communication and collaboration, under which great progress has been made in cooperation in all areas," said Xi.     He expressed hope that the commission would continue to play its guiding and coordinative role in laying the groundwork of pragmatic cooperation and opening new fields of cooperation.     He also proposed setting up a council for entrepreneurs from both countries.     Thirdly, Xi said China and Venezuela should boost cooperation in energy and finance.     Energy cooperation is a priority and constitutes an important part of bilateral cooperation, he said, expressing hope that the two sides would make a joint effort to push forward an all-around energy partnership.     Xi also said that both nations had agreed to increase their contributions to a joint fund to finance projects in either country.     Finally, Xi said the two countries should explore more fields and channels for cooperation. Apart from energy cooperation, they should better tap the cooperation potential in agriculture, infrastructure and high-tech, as well as promote projects in the housing, railway, telecommunication and electric power sectors.     "We deeply believe that through concerted efforts, China and Venezuela will surely have a bright future of cooperation," Xi said.     BETTER COOPERATION AND COMMON DEVELOPMENT     The Chinese vice president said the scope and pace of cooperation between China and Latin America has reached an "unprecedented" level since the beginning of the new century.     Bilateral trade reached 143.39 billion U.S. dollars in 2008, 39.7 percent up from the previous year and 10 times that of 2000, Xi noted.     Meanwhile, mutual investment has been growing with areas of cooperation being expanded, he said, adding that trade and economic cooperation has shown excellent prospects for all-around development.     China, the largest developing country in the world, is ready to join hands with Latin America, one of the world's major developing regions, to push forward their cooperation and raise it to a still higher level, he said.     China and Latin American nations -- whose combined population makes up a fourth of the world's total -- are all at a crucial stage of socio-economic development, he said.     Under the current circumstances, while standing up to the serious challenges brought about by the global financial crisis, one should not lose sight of the new emerging opportunities for all-around cooperation between the two sides, he said.     The vice president put forward a four-point proposal for strengthening all-around cooperation for common development.     First, he said efforts should be made to promote mutual political trust, bearing in mind the importance of long-term development of friendly cooperation.     China is ready to maintain high-level visits and contact with Latin American nations and favors increased bilateral understanding and support on issues of mutual concern, he said.     Both sides should strive to improve the existing bilateral and multilateral mechanisms of political consultation and dialogue and coordinate cooperation in various fields from a strategic height and long-term perspective.     In the face of the global financial crisis, China is ready to work with Latin American nations to strengthen coordination and boost confidence so as to contribute to the stable growth of the global economy, Xi said.     Second, mutual cooperation should be deepened, said the Chinese vice president.     China is ready to continue to expand trade and mutual investment with Latin American nations, push forward pragmatic cooperation in such key areas as energy, finance, agriculture, manufacturing, infrastructure and the high-tech industry.     The Chinese government is ready to join hands with Latin American governments to further promote strategic cooperation between companies from both sides and make continued efforts to ensure greater success in hosting the China-Latin America Business Summit and the China-Caribbean Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum, he added.     Third, efforts should be made to boost human and cultural exchanges, with a view to cementing the foundation of the China-Latin American friendship.     China is ready to enhance exchanges with Latin American nations in the fields of culture, education, health, sports and tourism, and carry out practical cooperation in poverty alleviation, social security, environmental protection and disaster relief.     Both sides should also expand exchanges between youth and women's organizations as well as media bodies and academic institutions in efforts to promote understanding and friendship between the Chinese and Latin American peoples, Xi said.     Fourth, both sides should strengthen consultation and cooperation in international affairs.     China is ready to strengthen coordination with Latin American nations, through participating in regional and international organizations or other multilateral mechanisms, and jointly safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of developing nations.     Both sides should work together to push for the establishment of a global economic system for sustainable development, an inclusive international financial system, a fair and equitable international trading system and a fair and efficient global development system.     Both sides should urge developed countries to fulfill their commitments in terms of increasing investments and aid, reducing trade barriers, speeding up technology transfer and reducing and writing off debts, he said.     China is a staunch force for maintaining world peace and the Chinese people are trustworthy friends of the Latin American people, said Xi.     China and Latin America enjoy a profound traditional friendship and share broad common interests. China is ready to work with Latin American nations to write a new chapter in the efforts to establish partnership for all-around cooperation, said the vice president.     Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez was present during Xi's address.     Xi arrived Tuesday in Caracas for an official visit to Venezuela, the fourth leg of his six-nation tour, which will also take him to Brazil and Malta. He earlier visited Mexico, Jamaica and Colombia.     In November 2008, China issued its first Policy Paper on Latin America and the Caribbean, seeking to build and develop a comprehensive and cooperative partnership featuring equality, mutual benefit and common development with the region.

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CARACAS, Feb. 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping arrived midday on Tuesday in Caracas for an official visit to Venezuela.     In a written speech issued at Simon Bolivar International Airport, Xi said that he came to strengthen friendship, amplify consensus, deepen cooperation and to promote development. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (L Front) is greeted by Venezuelan Vice President Ramon Carrizales (R Front) upon his arrival in Caracas, capital of Venezuela, Feb. 17, 2009. Xi Jinping arrived in Caracas on Feb. 17 for an official visit to Venezuela. He said that with his visit the China-Venezuela strategic partnership for common development is expected to obtain further advance.     Venezuelan Vice President Ramon Carrizales, Minister of Foreign Affairs Nicolas Maduro, Chinese Ambassador in Caracas Zhang Tuo and representatives of local Chinese community welcomed Xi at the airport.     Xi came from official visits in Mexico, Jamaica, Colombia, and will continue his six-nation tour in Venezuela, Brazil and Malta. 　 Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (L2 Front) is greeted by Venezuelan Vice President Ramon Carrizales (R Front) upon his arrival in Caracas, capital of Venezuela, Feb. 17, 2009. Xi Jinping arrived in Caracas on Feb. 17 for an official visit to Venezuela.Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (L Front) receives a bunch of flowers presented by a staff member of the Chinese Embassy to Venezuela greeting him upon his arrival at the airport in Caracas, capital of Venezuela Feb. 17, 2009. Xi Jinping arrived in Caracas on Feb. 17 for an official visit to Venezuela

HONG KONG, April 12 (Xinhua) -- About 400 enterprises in the Chinese mainland had been selected to participate in the Renminbi cross-border trade settlement pilot program, Under Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury of Hong Kong Julia Leung said here Saturday.     Speaking on a radio talk show here Saturday, Leung said enterprises in Hong Kong would soon be able to settle trades in Renminbi through the banks with the selected companies in the Chinese mainland.     Noting the program can reduce the risks and cost arising from fluctuations in exchange rates, she said Hong Kong banks could expand extensively their Renminbi services from individual clients to enterprises.     When asked whether the scheme includes trade financing, Leung said authorities in the Chinese mainland would announce the details soon.     "The Monetary Authority has made full preparation for the program including conducting tests on the Renminbi clearing system," Leung noted, adding that "the system can start operation once the Chinese mainland comes up with the operational details."     When asked whether the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) government would change Hong Kong's linked exchange rate with the U.S. dollar, the under secretary said the system had been working effectively and the HKSAR government had no plan to change it.

WASHINGTON, March 12 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi on Thursday proposed some major guidelines for China and the United States to promote sound and steady growth of bilateral relations in the new era. Speaking at a luncheon meeting at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Yang expressed satisfaction that the two countries have worked together and ensured a smooth transition of bilateral relations in the past 50 days since the new U.S. administration took office.     The two sides have established good working relations at the top level and between various government departments and maintained close consultation and coordination in bilateral and multilateral areas, he said. Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi delivers a speech at the center for strategic & international studies (CSIS) in Washington, the United States of America on March 12, 2009.    "A good beginning is half the success," Yang said, noting that this good start has laid the groundwork for the further growth of China-U.S. relations.     "We should now set our sight on the longer term and draw up a good blueprint for China-U.S. relations in the coming years. We should make concerted efforts and promote sound and steady growth of our relations," he said.     To do this, the minister proposed some guidelines which he believed could help advance China-U.S. relations in the coming years.     First, he said, both sides should adopt a strategic and long-term perspective and keep the relations on the right track.     China and the United States now have more common interests and a broader foundation of cooperation on a series of major and pressing issues facing today's world, according to the minister. The strategic significance and global influence of China-U.S. relations have further increased and their relations in the new era should be broader and deeper.     The minister believed that the two countries should work together in an all-around way to raise bilateral relations to a new and much higher level of cooperation in the 21st century on the basis of mutual respect, seeking common ground while shelving differences and cooperation for win-win results.     Second, Minister Yang said, both sides should maintain close dialogue and exchanges at the top and other levels and cement the political foundation of the relations.     Over the years, he said, close communication and frequent exchanges between the two countries "have given a strong boost to the sustained, sound and steady growth of our relations."     He hoped that both sides will work together and launch proposed "China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogues" mechanism at an early date so that through continued discussions on strategic, overarching and long-term issues of mutual interest, they will further enhance mutual trust and cooperation.     Third, according to the minister, both sides should expand mutually-beneficial cooperation and inject fresh impetus into the relations. U.S. President Barack Obama (R) meets with Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi at the White House, Washington, the United States, on March 12, 2009The priority for China and the United States at the moment, Yang said, is to tackle the international financial crisis through intensified cooperation and work together to maintain and promote world financial and economic stability.     He said China and the United States share important common interests with respect to climate change, energy and the environment and have broader prospects to cooperate in such fields as counter-terrorism, nonproliferation, military-to-military relations, science and technology, culture and health.     The fourth guideline, he believed, is that both sides should respect and accommodate each other's core interests and make every effort to minimize potential disruption and damage to the relations.     The minister urged the U.S. side to handle Taiwan-related issues prudently and properly and respect the Chinese people's position of upholding state sovereignty and territorial integrity on equal sensitive issues related to Tibet.     For the fifth, Minister Yang said that both sides should promote dialogue and exchanges between people of the two countries and build stronger public support for the relations.     "We will not forget that the ice in China-U.S. relations began to thaw with the mutual visits of our pingpong teams," he said.     "The tremendous progress made in our relations over the last 30years would not have been possible without the active involvement and support of people from all walks of life in both countries," he added.     "It is of particular importance to look ahead to the future and vigorously promote and support exchanges and cooperation between the young people, so that the cause of China-U.S. friendship will endure and prosper further, the minister stressed. Yang is here on a five-day working visit as a guest of U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.

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BEIJING, April 9 (Xinhua) -- Venezuela President Hugo Chavez concluded his working visit to China and left Beijing on Thursday night.     During his two-day stay, Chavez met with Chinese President Hu Jintao and Vice President Xi Jinping respectively, exchanging views on enhancing the bilateral strategic partnership.     Chavez also visited the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) earlier on Thursday, the highest training institution for CPC officials. Addressing about 100 Chinese officials, he said the two countries witnessed great progress in their cooperation in economy, science and technology areas. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, on April 8, 2009    Speaking highly of China's development and its important role in tackling the global financial crisis, Chavez called for closer cooperation in such areas as investment, cadre exchanges and petroleum resources.     Invited by President Hu, Chavez arrived in Beijing on Tuesday night. It is his sixth China trip since he was elected president in 1998.

BEIJING, March 18 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin said Wednesday the central government had great confidence in continued prosperity and stability of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR).     Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, made the remarks when greeting with a delegation of social workers from Hong Kong headed by Mrs. Betty Tung, wife of the SAR's former Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa.     Mrs. Betty Tung set up the organization in 1998, mobilizing volunteers to help needy youth and women.     Jia, also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, welcomed the visit of the delegation and praised its contribution to the region's prosperity and stability.     He said, "China has confidence and the ability in overcoming the global financial downturn, which brought us challenges and opportunities as well."     The mainland will always be a strong supporter of the Hong Kong SAR.

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BEIJING, March 22 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said here Sunday China is confident and capable of achieving its 2009 economic targets and will strengthen cooperation with the international community to fight the global financial crisis.     Despite the financial crisis impact that increased difficulties for economic operations, "the fundamentals of Chinese economy and its good outlook in the long term have not changed," said Li at the opening of the China Development Forum 2009.     China has set an 8-percent target for annual economic expansion this year after diminishing foreign orders dented exports and slowed growth to a seven-year low of 9 percent year-on-year in 2008.     To boost domestic consumption and growth, the government will exert itself to tackle issues of immediate concern to ordinary Chinese citizens such as employment, education, health care, housing and environmental protection, said Li. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang addresses the opening ceremony of the China Development Forum 2009 in Beijing, capital of China, March 22, 2009    The country will speed up the building of a social security system covering both urban and rural residents and gradually perfect the social safety net that guarantees people's basic livelihood, he said. "This helps adjust income distribution and raise people's spending capabilities."     In addition, Li pledged stronger moves in reforming pricing, taxation and financial mechanisms to remove "institutional barriers" on the way of development.     Reform plans must be well-implemented, said Li. They included an 850 billion-yuan (124 billion U.S. dollars) medical reform plan and a comprehensive value-added tax (VAT) reform to cut enterprise and individual burdens by approximately 500 billion yuan this year.     Li also promised to maintain a stable scale of foreign trade and use of foreign capital, saying China will further open up and make use of markets and resources both at home and abroad.     China's foreign direct investment fell for the fifth consecutive month in February to 5.83 billion U.S. dollars, down 15.81 percent year-on-year. Its foreign trade was 124.95 billion U.S. dollars last month, down 24.9 percent year-on-year.     "While managing its own affairs well, China is willing to join hands with other countries and play an active role in international cooperation against the financial crisis," said Li.     The continuous growth of China's economy not only concerns the wellbeing of 1.3 billion Chinese but is also a great contribution to the world economy, he told the forum.     He called on all countries to take actions together to promote future growth of the world economy, saying the crisis should bring about "profound thinking about the world economic development and the human kind's future destiny".     People of insight in all countries should dig the deep roots of the global financial crisis and explore effective ways of preventing the crisis from spreading and avoiding a replay of such crises, said Li.     The China Development Forum 2009 runs in Beijing from Saturday to Monday with the theme of China's Development and Reform in the Global Financial Crisis.

BEIJING, March 3 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin on Tuesday urged his colleagues from the private sector not to lay off workers to help maintain social stability amid the global economic turmoil.     Jia, Chairman of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), said this in a report delivered at the second session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee, which convened Tuesday at the Great Hall of the People in downtown Beijing. Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), delivers a report on the work of the CPPCC National Committee's Standing Committee at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 3, 2009. The Second Session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee opens on Tuesday"National Committee members from the non-public sector of the economy should be encouraged to shoulder their share of social responsibilities," according to the Report on the Work of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee.     "Advisors should try their best to refrain from laying off any employees, cutting salaries or withholding wages, so as to create a harmonious labor relationship," said Jia.     The unfolding financial crisis has resulted in mass unemployment in China. Jobless migrant workers alone exceed 20 million, not to mention millions of graduates swarming into the job market every year. The Second Session of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) opens at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 3, 2009.A report issued in January by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS) showed that China's urban unemployment rate rose to 4.2 percent at the end of 2008, up 0.2 percentage points year-on-year.     The real situation is more serious, as the number of migrant workers and newly graduated college students are not included in the count.     Political advisor Wang Junjin, chairman of the Shanghai-based Junyao group, said that the grim economic situation requires people to help each other and share weal and woe.     "Employers should nurture good relations with employees. They must also take up greater social responsibility," said Wang.     According to media reports, the ongoing CPPCC session and upcoming session of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, will have deputies and advisors from more than 150 listed companies.     These companies account for about 10 percent of the firms listed on the yuan-denominated market. They include executives of large financial companies such as China Life Insurance (Group) Company and Ping An Insurance (Group) Company of China.     Jia also urged political advisors from the ethnic minorities and religious circles to play a unique role in the drive for ethnic unity and religious harmony.     The top political advisor also expressed support for the government's handling of unrest in Tibet in March last year.     "We unequivocally supported the Party and government in dealing with the destructive, disruptive, violent and illegal incidents in Lhasa, Tibet, and other areas in accordance with the law," Jia said.     Jia's speech was echoed by members from the religious circle. Advisor Huang Xinyang, president of the Beijing Taoism Association, said that the speech reflects the heartfelt wishes of advisors from the religious circle, who support the ideal of social harmony and national unity.     "A handful of separatists who advocate 'Tibet independence' do not represent the people of the religious circle and they are doomed to failure," said Huang.     Advisor Ma Guoquan from northwest Ningxia Hui Autonomous Regionsaid: "The religious policy we have now is the most appropriate. Believers have the full freedom to engage in religious activities. There is no reason for making trouble."