四库全书总目中的史部研究

警校学生个人的自我鉴定

BEIJING, Aug. 29 (Xinhua) -- Drink or drive? This is a dilemma for many Chinese in a society soaked in a centuries-old drinking culture which is now travelling in private motor cars.     For Liu Kun, a 25-year-old media worker in Beijing, the choice is simple and there is only one answer - she won't even have a sip of beer before she drives.     "I didn't treat it (drink driving) seriously before," said Liu, who has been driving for three years. "But now I obey the rules strictly."     Liu is one of many Chinese motorists sobering up and thinking twice about their onetime drinking and driving. This situation has been brought about by a spate of serious drink driving accidents in China, including fatalities. The situation has sparked a public outcry.     Chinese police launched a two-month nationwide crackdown against driving under the influence (DUI) two weeks ago, following a series of shocking cases in which drunk drivers killed pedestrians. By Friday, 28,880 drivers had been caught and punished for DUI, the Ministry of Public Security said.     Kong Linnan, a 25-year-old Beijing resident, said: "Drink drivers should be severely penalized. They are irresponsible about their own lives, let alone others."     Besides changing attitudes, the crackdown has brought about an unexpected boom to once sluggish businesses, such as drive-home services that help carry home drinkers by contracting relief drivers.     He Jin, chief executive of the Beijing Benaoanda Drive-back Company, said his company had carried home more than 110 customers every day in the past week, 20 times more than five years ago when his service was established. The company charges 80 yuan (12 U.S. dollars) for each journey.     Now about seven or eight companies in Beijing are providing similar services, He said.     "Taking a cab is a cheaper way to carry a drinker back home. But many taxi drivers are rather reluctant to do it," said He.     Zhang Changyun, a Beijing taxi driver, said, "They always throw up in my cab. It's nasty. I can't use my cab for the whole day." Zhang always refuses to carry those who have been drinking heavily.     "That's our advantage. Car owners don't have to come back to the restaurants to retrieve cars in next day," He said.     China's population, a large alcohol consumer, is now rapidly becoming mobile, putting more strain on controlling drink driving. In Beijing, a city of more than 15 million people, motor vehicles numbered 3.76 million in July.     "The market potential for a drive-home service is huge," said He.          LIFESTYLE CHANGES     Despite criticism that drive-home services could encourage drink driving, He defended them as necessary because "drinking at banquets is deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture."     Most of their drive-home contracts are taken out by big companies because "business talks at the dinner table with drinking are also popular business culture in China", He said.     An indispensable part of dining etiquette in China is drinking toasts, by which a lot of business is resolved at a drinking table rather than a negotiating one.     In addition, while declining a drink is deemed as "losing face", driving after drinking is sometimes considered heroic. In the commercial world it is apparently considered the winner is the biggest drinker.     Wang Xiaokun, marketing manager of a real estate consultancy in southwest China's Chengdu City, has cut short the frequency of hosting business banquets since most of his clients who drive are knocking back drinking while dining.     He has mixed feelings toward the crackdown.     "I don't like the drinking sessions," said Wang, "But without them, I must find other ways to buddy up to my clients."     Gao Zhifeng, 29, a government official in Beijing, welcomes the tight controls.     "Thanks to the campaign, I'm now more justified to excuse myself from toast proposals by saying simply 'I drive'," said Gao. He often did not handle drinking well, but often had his arm twisted to drink alcohol at business banquets.     Yi Rong, Gao's wife, said that tighter DUI law enforcement helped lessen the worries of drivers' families.     "I'm so happy that China's alcohol culture is starting to change," said Yi.          BOOMS AND WORRIES     Alcohol-free beer is also doing well because of the crackdown. Many restaurants now sell this beer which contains less ethyl alcohol.     Yu Li, manager of Veganhut, a health restaurant in Beijing's Central Business District, said, "We sell only alcohol-free beer and it's selling well. It's a new trend in dining."     Ding Guangxue, deputy chief executive of the Yanjing Beer Group, said the brewerery's output of alcohol-free beer was more than 4 million bottles this month, registering a 10 percent year-on-year increase.     But alcohol-free beer is not totally free from ethanol. "Two bottles may raise your blood alcohol to the limit," said Ding.     The crackdown is also worrying China's catering industry which makes large profits out of liquor, since beer sold at a restaurant can be priced four times higher than in a supermarket.     Zhang Zhenjiang, general secretary of Beijing Association for Liquor and Spirits Circulation, said, "We're worried that tighter control could dent profits and raise costs."     "Alcohol-free has only a small share of sales. It cannot replace ordinary liquor," said Zhang.     On the Internet, some netizens are suggesting restaurants be obliged to dissuade their driving customers from drinking.     But Fu Guiping, a corporate lawyer with Beijing Huatian Catering Group, said liquor outlets had no power or obligation to manage affairs that should be carried by the law enforcement sector.     "It's unfair to put responsibility on the shoulders of businesses," said Fu. "It calls for efforts from all walks of life."

CHENGDU, Oct. 16 (Xinhua) -- China's relatively poor western regions are to receive 296 billion yuan (about 43.3 billion U.S. dollars) of investment through 551 projects signed Friday with investors from both China and abroad.     Those deals were sealed at the tenth Western China International Economy and Trade Fair in Chengdu, provincial capital of southwest China's Sichuan Province.     The region has 12 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, with a combined population of about 370 million.     Chinese investors contributed 539 of the 551 projects, involving 288.9 billion yuan of investment. The rest 12 projects would be invested by foreign contractors, involving in around 1 billion U.S. dollars of investment.     Sectors involving local resources, equipment manufacturing, service and new and high technology were investors' favorite target areas.     According to agreements signed here, German industrial conglomerate Siemens would spend 30 million yuan in Chengdu to setup a "Global IT Operation Center", intending to provide better IT operation support for its customers.     Meanwhile, Taiwan's Foxconn Group, the world's top maker of outsourced electronics, would invest 1 billion dollars to build an industrial base in Chengdu, setting up production lines for products like LED-TV, LCD module, LED backlight module and LCD package. The new base will also develop software and sell 3C digital products as wells.

BEIJING, Aug.3-- China's steel industry association said on Friday that it plans this year to unify the spot and long-contract prices for the country's iron ore imports.    It will also set a ceiling for charges levied by import trading firms, as part of an effort to regulate the market.     The proposal was the top item of discussion at the steel industry body's two-day semiannual meeting, said Luo Bingsheng, deputy chairman of the China Iron and Steel Association (CISA), at a press conference.     The term prices negotiated with global miners should become a benchmark unified price, and the import agencies could charge 3-5 percent in commission on top of the term prices, Luo said.     The move aims to regulate excess iron ore import by steel makers and trading firms, which distorted the supply and demand balance and disrupted the annual contract talks, Luo said.     The price talks, which are continuing, appeared to be snagged on China's insistence upon bigger reductions than the 33 percent cut agreed to earlier with Japanese and Korean steel mills. News reports and industry analysts say China wants a 40 percent price cut.     Luo said foreign iron ore suppliers promoted massive sales on the spot market, leading to huge stockpiles.     Spot iron ore accounted for 82.7 percent of imports this year, leading to excessive imports that far exceed actual needs, the CISA said.     Luo made the remark as the spot price of iron ore in China surged above the contract prices offered by three large miners - Rio, BHP and Vale.     Benchmark spot prices of iron ore in China rose above 0 a ton on Thursday, as compared with a ton in April, according to industry consultant Mysteel.     Iron ore imports rose 29.3 percent year on year, to 297 million tons, in the first half of this year, while traders imported 131 million tons, up 90.4 percent from last year.     There are 152 iron ore importers in China this year, exceeding the 112 licenses that CISA issued, the association said.     Luo said the annual talks were ongoing and CISA would keep working to push them forward.     "We are working for a reasonable result and hope to reach a win-win situation," Luo said.     "For small steel companies, a unified price system is definitely good news," said Fan Haibo, a steel analyst from Xinda Securities. "Large steel mills and trading companies have made huge profits by selling iron ore to small steel factories who do not hold import license."     "But how to define which firms have 'agent license' seems essential. Giving them the privilege is akin to guaranteeing a business always makes a profit," he said.

天水只了腋臭哪个医院好

PINGYAO, Shanxi, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- A photo exhibition exclusively dedicated to Canadian surgeon Henry Norman Bethune opened Saturday at the Pingyao International Photography Festival in north China's Shanxi Province.     Bethune is a household name in China, a country where he saved numerous lives and sacrificed his own in 1939 during China's War of Resistance Against Japanese aggression.     "He is noble-minded and pure, a man of moral integrity and above vulgar interests, a man who is of value to the people," Chairman Mao wrote in his article In Memory of Norman Bethune.     The exhibition consists of 41 photos of Dr. Bethune living and working in China, some of which had never been shown before.     "As Canadians, we are all proud to be associated with this visionary adventurer and deeply touched by the respect and recognition shown to him here in China," said Canadian Ambassador to China, David Mulroney.     Most of the pictures were provided by Wang Yan, daughter of ShaFei, who was a forefather of China's news photography and a close friend of Bethune.     "I remember that I was touched when I first read about Bethune in my school days and now it feels like looking at the pictures of an old friend who has just passed away," said visitor Wu Jun.     "Many people love Bethune for they have learnt his deeds and spirit in Chairman Mao's article while my affection for him comes from his friendship with my father," Wang said. "Bethune was my father's mentor as he exemplified the essence of communism."     Upon his death Bethune left his Kodak Retina camera to Sha Fei.     Bethune also healed Japanese soldiers, took pictures of them, which were sent back to Japan.     "He wished the Japanese people would protest against the war when they saw how their sons were suffering on battlefield. He was a true humanist," Wang said.     Just before he died, Bethune wrote in a letter, saying that the last two years (those he spent in China) have been the most significant, the most meaningful years of his life.

BEIJING, Aug. 23 (Xinhua) -- China's insurance capital investments hit 2.45 trillion yuan (358 billion U.S. dollars) in the first seven months of this year, according to the country's insurance regulator.     In July alone, the investments from insurance funds stood at 120.4 billion yuan, China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) said in a report on its website.     Of the total insurance investment value, about 332 billion yuan, or 9.8 percent, went to the stock markets by the end of the second quarter of this year.     During the same period, mutual funds investments suck 228.45 billion yuan, or 6.8 percent from the insurance capital.     A booming equities market and an optimistic attitude towards the country's stock markets had led to an increasing investments, said the CIRC.     Comparatively, in the first seven months, bank deposit of China's insurance capital decreased to 1.03 trillion yuan, 15.23 billion yuan less than in the first six months.     The CIRC's statistics also reflected a slowdown increasing rate in premium income in the first seven months. Premium income was 678.64 billion yuan, representing a small increase of 80 billion yuan than the June figure.

NAIROBI, Aug. 26 (Xinhua) -- A visiting Chinese Tibetologist delegation on Wednesday gave Kenyan lawmakers an insight into Tibet and its issues.     Shes-rab-nyi-ma, vice president of China's Central University for Nationalities and head of the Chinese delegation, introduced the basic facts of Tibet, the origin of the "Tibetan issue," the efforts the Chinese government has taken to develop the local economy and to protect the indigenous language and culture, and the system of regional autonomy for ethnic minorities in China.     Legislator Ahmed Shakeel Shabeer said many Kenyan lawmakers didn't know much about Tibet before and most of them had been influenced by western media on the Tibetan issue due to their British-style education. The Chinese Tibetologist delegation holds a discussion with Kenyan lawmakers in Nairobi, capital of Kenya, Aug. 26, 2009The visit and introduction of the Chinese delegation have helped Kenyan legislators know more about Tibet, and in a more comprehensive way, Shabeer said.     He hoped the two nations could continue to increase exchanges in areas such as education to further promote bilateral ties.

天水妇科检查需空腹吗

BEIJING, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) -- A grand evening gala to celebrate New China's 60th founding anniversary started Thursday evening at the Tian'anmen Square when 60 birthday-candle-shaped fireworks exploded into the sky and lit up the vast square. Red, pink, white and orange fireworks shot up into the night sky, lighting up the Tian'anmen Rostrum and 56 giant decorative columns, which were set up on the square to represent China's 56 ethnic groups. Fireworks are seen in the celebrations for the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, on the Tian'anmen Square in Beijing, capital of China, Oct. 1, 2009    That was the beginning of a 33-minute fireworks feast in the evening. Earlier this month, the Beijing Daily quoted pyrotechnist Ding Zhenkuan as saying that the display would send nearly 42,000 shells into the sky, doubling the number fired at the Beijing Olympics opening ceremony last August.     Following candle-shaped fireworks, a teenage boy, standing at the podium for the flag-raising ceremony, played with a trumpet the melody of the song of "My motherland".     As the boy was playing the trumpet, more than 4,000 performers gathering under the podium began to play the magic effects of more than 4,000 LED-light-equipped trees.     Vice director of the gala, Zhao Dongming, called the performance as "light cube", referring to the well-known Olympic architecture "Water Cube", or the National Aquatics Center. The building, equipped with LED lights, can put on various colors at night.     The performers of the "light cube" displayed a rolling effect of the 60 years from 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded, to 2009. Fireworks meanwhile again shot up and exploded in the night sky, creating the Arabic numeral of "60," symbolizing New China's 60th birthday.     Seconds later, a fireworks-armed curtain, standing opposite to the Tian'anmen Rostrum, was ignited and began to explode. The exploding fireworks on the curtain -- 90 meters wide and 25 meters high -- created the sun, river, waterfall and mountains, representing the vast land of China. A grand performance is staged in the celebrations for the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, on the Tian'anmen Square in central Beijing, capital of China, Oct. 1, 2009

COPENHAGEN, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- The impressive celebrations on Oct. 1 has testified that China is now a very important country in the world and holds a strong position globally, a European expert on China said.     The celebrations to mark the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China "were very impressive," Kjeld Erik Broedsgaard, professor and director of the Asia Research Center in Copenhagen Business School, told Xinhua in a recent interview.     "I think China now is in a stronger position globally than it was in any times since 1949. The celebrations really testify that this is the case," said Broedsgaard, who has been closely following the development of China for more than 30 years.     China's economic, political and cultural influence has been on the rise in recent years, said Broedsgaard, who has written and edited 18 books and monographs on modern China and East Asian affairs.     Describing China as being at the "forefront in terms of economic development," the Danish professor said China's role is "critical" in tackling the global financial crisis.     On China's political influence, he said China has taken part in "a variety of multilateral for a" in addition to international organizations such as the World Trade Organization and the United Nations.     The Beijing Olympic Games in 2008 also showed China's increasing significance, he observed.     Culturally, "China is also in a position where soft power is increasing," said Broedsgaard, who is a member of the Advisory Committee of the EU-China Academic Network and the Sino-Danish Joint Committee for Cooperation in Science, Technology, and Innovation.     Many people are interested in the Chinese tradition and culture, while more and more people are studying the Chinese language, he said, taking South Korea as an instance.     There are more people in South Korea studying Chinese than English, he explained.     Confucius institutes have been established in many countries, he said, adding that there is a Confucius Business Institute in Copenhagen.     As for the problems that China faces, Broedsgaard said that "there are always problems when a country rises."     But he said it is useful to remember history and put things in a historical perspective, adding that it is very important to remember that this is the "re-emergence" of China, which was a strong and important country in the past.     To ease the concerns of other countries, China has to relate to its partners and major powers and reassure them that it is a win-win situation in which "I get stronger, but you also get benefit," he said.     Broedsgaard also commented on the party building of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which was a focus of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee held in Beijing from Sept. 15 to Sept. 18.     "The whole issue of party building is important because the quality of leadership is important," he said, adding that the failure of the Soviet Union in the 1990s was part of "a question of the quality of leadership."     The CPC has been able to reform, renew and revitalize itself, he said.

天水腋臭的手术价格

BEIJING, Sept. 20 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao has urged the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to "continue carrying out its functions of political consultation, democratic supervision, and participation and raising proposals in governance, in a practical and effective way."     The CPPCC should make new contribution to boosting the Reform, Opening-up and Socialist Modernization Drive and the great cause of a peaceful reunification of the Nation, and safeguarding world peace and promoting a common development, said Hu, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, at Sunday's gathering here to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the country's political advisory body.     Other Party and State leaders present at the commemorative event were Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang, and Zhou Yongkang. The gathering was presided over by Jia Qinglin, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau.     In his key-note speech, Hu described the CPPCC as a patriotic United Front of the Chinese people, a major institution of the multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, and a main form to display socialist democracy in the country's political life. Representatives from various fields join a meeting to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the founding of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the country's top political advisory body, in Beijing, China, on Sept. 20, 2009.The CPPCC has had an uncommon experience and great achievements in the past 60 years as it has grown up along with the People's Republic, Hu said.     In September 1949, the first plenary conference of the CPPCC was held in Beijing, and it adopted the Common Guidelines of the CPPCC, which served as a temporary Constitution for the People's Republic, elected the CPPCC National Committee and the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (PRC).     Hu emphasized that over the past 60 years, the three-generation CPC leaderships, with Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin as the core, respectively, have always given top priority and active support to the work of the CPPCC.     He urged the CPPCC to continue taking a political road of development with Chinese characteristics, making the promotion of the Scientific Concept on Development as its primary job, playing an important role in boosting a harmonious society, making contribution to pushing forward the great cause of a peaceful reunification of the Nation, and stepping up the self-building of its own.     To bring into full play of the CPPCC's role in the country's political life "is of great significance to improving the Party's governing capacity and consolidating the Party's ruling status," said Hu,     Jia, who also addressed the gathering, spoke highly of Hu's speech, noting that it is of guiding importance for bringing into full of the CPPCC's advantages under the new situation.Top Communist Party of China (CPC) and state leaders Hu Jintao (C, 1st row), Wu Bangguo (4th R, 1st row), Wen Jiabao (4th L, 1st row), Jia Qinglin (3rd R, 1st row), Li Changchun (3rd L, 1st row), Xi Jinping (2nd R, 1st row), Li Keqiang (2nd L, 1st row), He Guoqiang (1st R, 1st row) and Zhou Yongkang (1st L, 1st row) attend a meeting to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the founding of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the country's top political advisory body, in Beijing, China, on Sept. 20, 2009.

BEIJING, Sept. 4 (Xinhua) -- The People's Liberation Army (PLA) should study and practice the Scientific Outlook on Development in a practical way, Chinese President Hu Jintao said in an written instruction to the PLA recently.     Hu, also General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), made the instruction as PLA held a meeting here from Wednesday to Friday on its third stage of in-depth study and practice of the Scientific Outlook on Development.     It should be based on the grassroots situation and provide specific guidance; it should give prominence to practice and focus on solving real problems, the instruction said.     It should obtain actual effects and ensure all tasks of the army be completed, the instruction said.     CMC vice-chairmen Guo Boxiong and Xu Caihong and other senior military officials attended the meeting.