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Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao shares a light moment with children orphaned due to the death of their parents from AIDS in Shangcai County, Central China's Henan Province Novermber 30, a day before the 20th World AIDS Day which fell on Saturday. [Xinhua] ZHENGZHOU -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao paid his second visit to China's worst AIDS-hit villages in Henan Province, a day before the 20th World AIDS Day. It was Wen's fifth face-to-face talks with AIDS patients or their family members since 2003."What's your name?""Zhang Shuwan.""Do you remember how your parents were dying?""No, I don't."This was a dialog between the visiting Premier and Zhang Shuwan, a 10-year-old girl, whose parents died of AIDS seven years ago, at the Chinese Red Ribbon Home, an orphanage at the Wangying Village of Lugang Township in Shangcai County on Friday morning.Wen was accompanied by Henan's Communist Party chief Xu Guangchun and Governor Li Chengyu.Upon learning that all the orphans are studying hard and with good results, Wen said with smile: "I have come to see, because I have kept you in my mind.""You are very unfortunate for losing your parents at a young age, but you are very lucky, as well, since there are lots of people in the country who have taken care of you and showed concern for you," said the premier, advising the children to walk out of the shadow of losing parents.He expressed his hopes that these children will study even harder to make themselves useful for the people, the nation and the society, in the future. He asked them to be happy and take an optimistic attitude toward life.Afterwards, the premier sang a song together with the children. He also visited their dormitory, played table tennis, and had lunch with them.Wen first visited Shangcai County in 2005 on the eve of Spring Festival, China's traditional Lunar New Year.The county in Henan is well known for high AIDS incidence caused by illegal blood deals in 1990s. Among 38 worst AIDS-hit villages in Henan, 22 are located in Shangcai.Premier Wen Jiabao chats with children at the Red Ribbon Home, an orphanage in Shangcai County, Henan Province November 30, 2007. [Xinhua]The premier's second stop was Wenlou village, home to 373 HIV carriers, one tenth of the village population. And 360 of them have developed AIDS."I came here two years ago," Wen told some AIDS patients and medical staff, while visiting the village's clinic.Kong Chunyi, one of the patients and a worker of the village's mushroom factory, said he has been quite fine with the help of the government's special policies for this group of people.The Chinese government provides AIDS patients, who have been covered by social security umbrella, with free medicine; provides free consultation to all those who are voluntary to consult on the disease; provides free schooling to AIDS-caused orphans; and provides free consultation, medical check, and medical treatment to pregnant women from areas which have been made exemplary for comprehensive control over AIDS, so as to reduce the spreading of HIV between mother and infant; and make all AIDS patients accessible to financial assistance from the government.During his visit, the premier showed his concern for the problem of drugfastness among some patients. He asked Health Minister Chen Zhu, who was with him, to study the issue.In talks with some medical staff working with the clinic, Wen thanked them for their devotion.The premier also encouraged the patients to be confident and optimistic to face the illness.Wenlou Village is a vegetable production base, but its products do not sell well due to prejudice by some outsiders. Wen called for greater awareness about the disease among the public so as to eliminate prejudice against AIDS patients."You can tell them that the premier has eaten Wenlou's vegetable today," he told the villagers.According to the villagers, with the help of the government, great changes have taken place at the village. The village is gradually out of the shadow of AIDS. About a dozen of children in the village go to college every year."I believe that Wenlou will become better and better day by day," said the premier.In Shangcai County, there are some "simulation families" formed by volunteer "parents" and AIDS-caused orphans.On Friday afternoon, the premier visited one of them with father Hu Shaoling, mother Zhang Ping, and four orphans.In his talks with the "family", Wen questioned the "family members" carefully. "It is not a matter of money, but a matter of passion," he said, upon learning that the "mother" only gets a pay of 500 yuan (about 67 U.S. dollars) per month.The premier told the kids, "Your 'dad' and 'mum' are caring and kind people. You must study hard. Don't forget them and treat them with filial respect when you grow up."At another "simulation family", with five orphans, Wen wrote an inscription, "Study hard for a beautiful future."Later the day, Wen presided over a workshop attended by experts and local officials. In his speech, the premier urged local people to prepare for a protracted war against AIDS.On the same day, Chinese President Hu Jintao visited doctors and communities in north Beijing, talking and shaking hands with HIV carriers to encourage the people "not to be daunted by HIV."An official report released on Thursday said that China officially reported 223,501 HIV contracted cases, including 62,838 AIDS patients, by October this year while about 700,000 people are estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS.

A pedestrian walks past a branch of China Construction Bank in Shanghai June 3, 2007. [newsphoto]China's central bank is considering establishing a deposit insurance system in a bid to promote financial stability, news reports said on Monday. The People's Bank of China (PBoC) aims to push forward legislation on deposit insurance, the Xinhua News Agency reported, citing information from a central bank meeting. PBoC has carried out research looking into this matter, according to the report. Deposit insurance is a measure introduced by policy makers to protect deposits, in full or in part, in the event of banks being unable to pay deposits. The insurance can maintain public confidence in the financial system and prevent bank runs, thus helping promote financial stability. The United States was the first country to establish an official deposit insurance scheme, during the Great Depression in 1934. Currently, nearly 100 countries have such an arrangement in place. The lack of deposit insurance in China is related to the fact that most of the banks in the country are State-owned, which offer confidence to depositors, analysts said.

Blogging, a form of citizen journalism, has caught on so much in China that even some government officials are getting into it.The highest-ranking official or former official to write a blog is Zhao Qizheng, former director of the State Council Information Office, now president of the Journalism School of Renmin University in Beijing.He launched the blog "Zhao Qizheng and his books" (http://blog.sina.com.cn/zhaoqizheng) on August 3 and uploaded several chapters of his latest work In the One World - 101 Tips on How to Communicate with Foreigners. One of them, about the importance of smiling, has been read by nearly 40,000 netizens since it was posted a week ago.In a letter of August 14, Zhao thanked netizens for reading and commenting on his blog and apologized that he could not respond to each comment or question because he could only surf the Internet for limited time every day, and that he was a slow typist.Some netizens have used his blog to speak directly with the former top news official.One of them, called "Peach", a journalism student complained of a perceived lack of jobs in the industry and asked for his advice.The direct interaction between bloggers is one of the most appealing elements about this form of communication.Arguably the most popular blog run by an official is that of Liao Xinbo, deputy director of the provincial health bureau of South China's Guangdong Province.Liao calls himself "Doctor Brother Bozi" and his blog (http://blog.sina.com.cn/liaoxinbo) has been read more than 650,000 times since it was launched last April. At present it ranks the sixth most popular blog in Guangdong.The health official is known for being outspoken. On Monday, he posted an article by an anonymous doctor which blamed China's apparent failure on medical reform over the last 30 years on the lack of fair pay for doctors."If the situation continues, the next medical reform is doomed to fail again," the post warned.Liao also argued in his blog that health services were not a commodity that should be "bought" by patients, a key point that health providers need to serve the public, instead of trying to rake in money.Netizens who agreed with Liao proposed the official lobby his allies at the provincial people's congress - the legislative body - to draft a law especially for medical contracts.Netizens even went as far as drafting their own medical contract law, which Liao posted on August 24 commenting: "I have never studied laws and cannot give any comments. I wish my friends who are interested to give their ideas".Dozens of lawyers responded.According to one of them, legal tangles in the medical sector were difficult to settle because there were already too many laws, but not one powerful or specific enough to tackle problems with malpractice disputes.The netizen proposed that it was with some urgency that a law was drafted that covered the entire sector, instead of one that specifically dealt with contracts.Whether or not the fact the netizens' law proposals were right or wrong, their interaction with this sort of blogging demonstrates how ordinary people can debate the merits of such proposals.Liao's blog, with its inspiring discussions, provides a prime example of a form of "direct democracy".There are no figures available as to how many officials have blogs in China.However, in Suqian, a mid-sized city in East China's Jiangsu Province, 81 middle and high-ranking officials in the municipal government have opened blogs on the government website (http://blog.suqian.gov.cn/).Their Communist Party secretary, Zhang Xinshi, took the lead."Zhang hopes that those who are in charge at the different government organs can also have blogs so that they can express their ideas, attract people's discussions and build an efficient channel of communication between officials and ordinary citizens," said a Suqian Daily report about a working conference this April.Zhang has updated his blog almost every day and written long articles on weekends about a wide range of topics from global climate change to professional education.An article on "civilized behavior" prompted the local Suqian Daily to open a column about the topic, and more than 100,000 pupils and high school students distributed pamphlets on civilized behavior in the streets of his city.Almost each of Zhang's online articles was read more than 400 times, but there have been few posted responses from the public.When a comment was made, it often turned out to be a pledge of a subordinate to implement the Party secretary's ideas, not public feedback.A report in the People's Daily last month said officials in Suqian had published more than 1,700 articles on their blogs and these articles were read by more than 760,000 netizens."It is a good thing that officials opened blogs and strengthen their communication with the ordinary citizens," Xie Chuntao, professor at the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Beijing, said.As part of China's e-governance construction, 12,000 government websites have been built in the past decade, according a report by Xinhua News Agency last December.More than 96 percent of the central government organs, 90 percent of provincial governments, 96 percent of municipal governments and 77 percent of county governments have their own websites."By further exploring the communication possibilities of blogs, officials may better win the citizens' trust if there is successful communication between the two sides," said Mao Shoulong, political science professor at Renmin University of China in a commentary in the People's Daily last year.But he also feared that some officials may have their opinion influenced by the "small club in cyberspace"."Actually, if we want the government to get nearer to the ordinary citizens, we can make more efforts on improving our democratic system instead of using the highly personalized blogs," he said."At the current stage, we can improve the government websites that widely exist, and make them work better in publicizing policies and communicating with netizens. This is a more constructive choice."

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HAICHENG, Liaoning: The death toll has risen to 10 following the collapse on Sunday of a dam at an iron mine in Liaoning Province, after rescuers retrieved four more bodies Monday.Rescuers search the missing after the collapse of a dam at an iron mine in Shiqiaozi village of Haicheng, Northeast China's Liaoning Province November 26, 2007. Ten, including a child, has been confirmed dead and another three are still missing. [Xinhua]Zhang Xingdong, vice-mayor of Haicheng and head of the rescue team, said the bodies, including one of a child, were buried deep in silt.He said about 750 people, including soldiers, armed police, local officials and villagers, were continuing to search for three people still missing after the dam collapsed in the village of Shiqiaozi in the city's Ganquan township.More than 30 dredgers have also been employed to help clear the silt, he said."To ensure the safety of rescuers, we have sent experts to closely monitor four other iron tailings dams nearby to guard against possible further accidents," Zhang said.The four dams have a registered capacity of about 1 million cu m of waste ore each.The power supply has yet to be turned back on in Xiangyang, which is one of two low-lying villages hit by a large volume of mud-like debris after the collapse, he said.The debris smothered homes, suffocating and crushing those inside, he said.A further 17 people were injured in the accident and are now in hospital. One is in a critical condition, while three others were also seriously hurt.Doctors have said they are expected to pull through, however.The local government has set up its rescue headquarters at the primary school in Xiangyang village. It has also provided candles, quilts, clothes and food to villagers made homeless.Some were housed overnight in a local school, while others stayed with relatives.Xiangyang, which has a population of about 980, was the worst-hit by the debris, with 33 houses destroyed.The collapse also affected the village of Caijia, which is home to some 500 people. No casualties have been reported there, but there have been reports of severe damage to houses, vehicles and grain fields.The 100-m-long by more than 10-m-high dam was situated on a hillside. A crack more than 10 m long appeared in it and a river of waste ore and mud some 80 m wide spilled down across cropland.With a capacity of 150,000 cu m, the dam, which belongs to the Dingyang Mining Co Ltd, an iron ore producer, was designed to contain waste ore. However, over recent years, a large quantity of water had built up inside it, Zhang said.The mining company is a subsidiary of the privately run Xiyang Corporation, a magnesium refractory products and fertilizer producer based in Liaoning.Xinhua

A special assistance center was set up in Beijing Prison recently where policewomen, who are also qualified counselors, provide help for special "clients", male prisoners who are serving long sentences, Beijing Youth News reported on July 5. A policewoman counselor chats online with an inmate at a counseling and education center in Beijing Prison. [ynet.com] The police use computers with Internet access and chat through web cameras with lifers to help ease their psychological problems especially with those who have difficulty communicating. A short message service is also available for them to contact their families. The newly-established center is composed of policewomen. Due to regulations in prisons, the policewomen are not allowed to communicate with prisoners face-to-face, according to Lu Yanyan, the director of the center for counseling and correctional education in the Beijing Bureau of Prison Administration. "The work of counseling used to be the responsibility of policemen," explains Lu. "But because they are also officials who enforce correctional education on the prisoners, those who have psychological problems are reluctant to open their hearts to share their troubles. That's why policewomen fill this need." Wearing civilian clothes, not uniforms, the five policewomen appear much closer to the people they counsel. Though not face-to-face, the prisoners encounter a friendly and kind smile and feel more relaxed to talk openly about their feelings and emotions. A prisoner who was sentenced to life imprisonment seldom talked as he was abandoned by his family. But when a counselor surnamed Ren started to make appointments with him, he "became happier than before," as Ren put it. The special short message service is free for lifers. They can send as many messages as they want, but every message is checked by the officers. The quantity of messages sent and received currently is about 1,500 a day. Another prisoner told the reporter, even though he was concerned about his child's education and could not solve the problem himself, he felt more comfortable after he poured out his troubles to the counselor. As the counseling and correctional education director explains, it is important to provide counseling for those with long sentences, Lu says crimes are always the result of psychological problems and the prisoners are also disturbed by depression and anxiety in confinement.

In the latest move by some countries to construct new embassies or give their missions in Beijing a makeover, the Australian embassy will spend million refurbishing its already elegant building, the Australian ambassador announced Tuesday.The refurbishment will cover much of the embassy's high-traffic areas and incorporate all four levels of the Chancery building.A new 2,500-sq m annex building will also be constructed on the site, the ambassador added.The project will begin immediately after the 2008 Olympics and is scheduled for completion in 2010.Geoff Raby, the Australian ambassador to China, said the number of embassy staff had increased to 190 resident Australian diplomats and their families and 120 Chinese staff.He recalled there were about 32 Australian staff and 60 Chinese employees when construction of the embassy was completed in 1992, making it one of more iconic buildings in Beijing."The Australian embassy in China is one of our biggest embassies in the world," Raby said.It is a sign that Australia attaches more importance to its relations with China, the ambassador said.Woods Bagot, a global studio specializing design and consulting that operates in Australia, Asia, the Middle East and Europe, will implement the project with Chinese local design institute UAD and multinational engineers Arup."The (Australian) government demanded new thinking for a new diplomatic era in China," Jason Marriott, managing principal of Woods Bagot, said.The Australian embassy is located in the second diplomatic neighborhood on Dongzhimenwai Street.The first diplomatic neighborhood is near Jianguomenwai and a third one is north to Liangmahe.The United States has plans for a new embassy project in the third diplomatic neighborhood after Republic of Korea and Malaysia finish their new buildings.Wang Fan, a researcher of international relations with China Foreign Affairs University, said the embassy building and renovation boom symbolized how important China was to foreign countries' diplomatic strategies.

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BEIJING -- China's central bank admitted on Wednesday that the country is coming under increasing pressure from price hikes, and acknowledged inflation risks are "worthy of attention".The People's Bank of China said in its second-quarter monetary report published on Wednesday that the current rising prices were not solely caused by accidental and temporary factors, adding that inflation risks were on the rise.It warned that the price hikes of food products could spread to other consumer products.The report identified four reasons behind the increasing risk of inflation.It said prices for grain and meat products would not fall in the short term and uncertainties over the autumn harvest were aggravated by the ongoing drought.Meanwhile, the demand for grain is increasing from both the public and the bio-fuel industry.The meat prices would probably continue to rise in the long term owing to the rising feeding costs and the short supply, which would not be replenished in the short term due to the breeding cycle of pigs, and the price hikes of meat could easily spread to other food products, the report said.Prices of energy and resources are under pressure as the world petroleum price has climbed to an even higher level and the domestic pricing reform of resources and the country's environmental protection efforts would also push the prices higher, it said.The report also said labor costs were rising which would eventually raise the prices of consumer products.People's anticipation of inflation had been enhanced, and it would put further pressure on price hikes, according to the report.A survey by the central bank in the second quarter showed that 40.2 percent of those interviewed, the second highest record since 1999, said they were worried about inflation.China's consumer price index (CPI) rose 3.2 percent in the first half of this year, and the growth rate was 1.9 percentage points higher than the year-earlier level.Price hike for foodstuffs, mainly grain, meat and fowl and eggs, contributed significantly to the rise. Statistics show that foodstuff prices rose 7.6 percent, with grain price up 6.4 percent, egg price up 27.9 percent and prices for meat and fowl as well as related products up 20.7 percent in the first half.

China's disciplinary watchdog posthumously stripped a former senior political adviser of his membership in the Communist Party of China for leading a "dissolute lifestyle and serious violations of Party discipline." Song Pingshun, former chairman of the Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, an advisory body to the parliament in the northern port city of Tianjin, was discovered dead on June 3. A police investigation determined he had committed suicide. The CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection decided to take the rare step of posthumous expulsion after finding that Song had "abused his public power to seek benefits for his mistress, seriously violating CPC discipline." "Song, morally degenerate, kept a mistress and helped her obtain money through illegal means," the discipline watchdog said. Song, 61, a native of northern China's Hebei Province, became the top political adviser in Tianjin, a booming municipality directly under the central government, in March 2006. He had also served as vice mayor, police chief and secretary of the Tianjin CPC Political Science and Law Commission, which is in charge of the city's police and legal sectors. The CPC expelled 21,120 members last year for breaking its rules, mainly for taking bribes. Corruption remains a serious problem in China, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee earlier warned Party members. More than 1,000 Chinese officials above the county level were punished for corruption during the first five months of this year, up 2.4 percent from the same period last year. More than 64 percent of the total involved "serious cases" in which officials took more than 50,000 yuan (US,600) in bribes or embezzled more than 100,000 yuan in public funds.

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 BEIJING -- China's economy in 2008 will maintain a robust and stable momentum despite uncertainties ahead, according to signs revealed during the country's top legislative and political advisory sessions. Liu Shucheng, a political adviser and director of the Economic Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), believes it is almost out of question for China to score 10 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) growth this year."China's economy has maintained a long period of continued and stable growth, which is unprecedented since the founding of New China (in 1949)," he said.Justin Yifu Lin, a deputy to the National People's Congress (NPC) and the World Bank's chief economist, holds a similar view, saying China's economy would be affected little by the U.S. subprime crisis."The demand by the United States, China's second largest trade partner, would not decrease by a large margin as most of Chinese exports to it were low- and middle-end," Lin said.Despite the sound economic expansion on the whole, Zhang Quan, an NPC deputy and head of Shanghai environmental protection administration, held that China should be fully prepared for the uncertainties ahead."Risk prevention capability should be further strengthened. Just as an old Chinese saying goes: be prepared for danger in times of safety," he said.In his government work report at the NPC session, Premier Wen Jiabao said, "There are quite a few uncertainties in the current economic situation home and abroad, so we need to keep close track of new developments and problems, properly size up situations and take prompt and flexible measures to respond to them while keeping our feet firmly rooted in reality."China's GDP in 2007 reached 24.66 trillion yuan, an increase of 65.5 percent over 2002 and average annual increase of 10.6 percent. However, the consumer price index (CPI) in 2007 rose 4.8 percent year-on-year, the highest since 1997 and well above the 3 percent target, mainly due to rises in food and housing costs. In January this year, monthly CPI rose 7.1 percent, the highest monthly surge in the past 11 years.Meanwhile, the U.S. Federal Reserve cut interest rate six times in seven months. The European Central Bank (ECB) held key interest rate steady for fears of further inflation in the eurozone as inflation remained a record high of 3.2 percent since the beginning of the year.In general, the impact from U.S. subprime crisis on global economy is not clear. And there is no consensus on how international oil price and price hikes would impact on inflation.Under such circumstances, Premier Wen called for the appropriate pace, focus and intensity of macroeconomic regulation to sustain steady and fast economic development and avoid drastic economic fluctuations.The premier said China would strive to keep this year's CPI increase at around 4.8 percent while following a prudent fiscal policy and a tight monetary policy.As the U.S. newspaper International Herald Tribune observed from the premier's report, the price hike has become the top concern of Chinese government. The main task is to rein in growing inflation and prevent the economy from being overheated.China's top economic planner, central bank governor and financial minister gathered at a press conference on Thursday to explain government measures to regulate macro-economic growth and contain rising inflation.To prevent fast economic growth from becoming overheated growth and keep structural price increases from turning into significant inflation, the People's Bank of China raised the reserve requirement ratio by half of a percentage point to 15 percent on January 25, the highest since 1984. In 2007, the central bank had raised the ratio ten times and benchmark interest rate six times.Economists believe the measures is to ensure sound economic growth and stabilize market anticipation of inflation. The central government has regarded curbing price hikes as the "rigid lever" for this year's macroeconomic regulation while saving room for economic structure adjustment.For low-income earners, who are affected most by growing inflation, a protective umbrella will be provided by the government that advocates "putting people first"."I believe the government will make greater efforts to solve social issues and improve people's livelihood through increasing fiscal revenue and making use of other resources," said Jia Kang, a political advisor and director of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science under the Ministry of Finance.Indeed, Premier Wen's report showed unusual concern on the issue of prices, and came up with nine measures, short- and long-time, to increase effective supply and curb unreasonable demand.These measures include expanding production, especially the production of the basic necessities of life such as grain, vegetable oil and meat as well as other commodities in short supply, speeding up improvement of the reserve system, promptly improving and implementing measures to aid the low-income sector of the population and to make sure that the prices of the means of production, particularly agricultural supplies, do not rise rapidly.