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SHANGHAI, May 3 (Xinhua) -- The gas supply to about 10,000 households in Shanghai was suspended for eight hours after a gas pipeline was broken by a grab at a construction site on Thursday. No casualty has been reported, according to the municipal government. The accident happened at around 8 a.m. at the crossing of the downtown Caoyang and Shunyi streets. Workers said gas burst out after the grab broke a gas pipeline with a diameter of 300 millimeters. Though they tried to plug the crack with bricks and mud, the leak was out of control till rescuers from the municipal gas supply company arrived. The company cut the gas supply later and fire fighters sprayed water around the pipeline to dilute the gas to avoid explosion. The pipeline was repaired at around 4 p.m. and the supply had resumed by 6 p.m., according to the gas supply company.

China's press and publication watchdog yesterday announced a campaign to shut down pornography websites nationwide.As of last week, about 348 domestic websites were found to be posting and distributing porn novels and pictures Song Jianxin, director of the Internet supervision sector under the National Office of Anti-porn and Illegal Publications, said.Eight websites including 517z.com, xs4.xggirl.com and book.maobob.com were ordered to permanently shut down for the "extremely negative impact" they caused by posting 40 online porn novels."The contents were full of exaggerated and explicit description of sex. It harms and misleads the young who are still growing and lack reasonable judgment," Song said.Li Baozhong, director of the market supervision department of the national press watchdog said distributing porn novels violated laws, publication regulations and Internet information service regulations.All blacklisted websites are being put under close watch by press regulators and public security authorities at all levels."The violators will be heavily fined and punished," Li said.The watchdog also revealed a recent crackdown on pirated publications.The market enforcement team in Central China's Hunan province smashed a gang producing pirated books.About 627,000 pirated books worth of 20.3 million yuan (.67 millon) were seized.It included teaching materials of New Concept English and reference books for student tests, whose copyrights belong to about 21 domestic publishing houses.Four were arrested and one official from the Hunan press watchdog, accused of taking bribes and helping to facilitate the illegal practice, was removed from his post."We're facing unprecedented complexity in fighting for intellectual property rights protection," Li said."IPR infringement is becoming more complex as violators turn to more sophisticated ways to carry out their trade."

The Chinese-African People's Friendship Association (CAPFA) will nominate 10 Africans Who Have Deeply Moved Chinese People next month, in a moved aimed at cementing civilian diplomacy between the two sides.The 10 candidates are expected to be unveiled at the next Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FCAC) late next year.Chen Haosu"CAPFA's recognition will benefit both peoples by enhancing mutual understanding and trust," Chen Haosu, president of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, said.The awards will go to Africans "who have made great contributions to bilateral ties", Wang Tong, an representative of the CAPFA, said, adding that the association is identifying criteria of eligible candidates.The first round of nominations will involve all 131 councilors of the CAPFA, Liu Hongmin, also from the association, said."Our councilors include big Chinese entrepreneurs such as Huawei Technologies and ZTE, among others," he said. "They are the most suitable to put forward nominees because of their significant investments in Africa."Liu said the 10 winners will be just one part of the second China-Africa Friendship Award. The other part will be the 10 Chinese Who Have Deeply Moved the African People. This will be the second time such awards have been givenThe first 10 winners - which included doctors, journalists, scholars and politicians - were announced in Beijing during the FCAC in November 2006."These awards reflect sincere friendship and intense people-to-people communication, though China and Africa are distant from each other," Dai Yan, a former councilor in Ghana, said."But both peoples still have a long way to go to truly understand each other because of cultural differences," he said. More African people have traveled to China as bilateral ties have developed over the past years.The number of Africans coming to Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong province, has increased by 30 percent every year since 2003. Most of these newcomers are traders.The city now has about 20,000 African residents, Huang Shiding, of the Guangzhou Academy of Social Sciences, estimated.Beyond the world of business, "500-600 African students are studying in universities and colleges in Beijing," Wang said.Meanwhile, on the other side of the globe, a growing number of Chinese people have settled down in Africa.In one reflection of the impact they are making, people in Nigeria crowned tribal chieftains from China in 2001 and 2007.

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SHENZHEN: A student at an IT college in Zhuhai, South China's Guangdong Province, ran amok on Tuesday, stabbing six of his classmates, police said Wednesday.One of the victims suffered a deep gash to the neck, which required intensive care treatment, but he is said to be in a stable condition.The 21-year-old attacker, surnamed Chen, was later arrested and is now in custody. He is believed to be suffering from a mental illness, a spokeswoman for the Zhuhai public security bureau told China Daily yesterday.She refused to give any further information, however, as the case is still under investigation.According to a report by the Guangzhou-based Southern Metropolis Daily, the incident happened at about 10:40 am at the start of a new class.Witnesses said Chen pulled out a 15-cm-long fruit knife and "casually" stabbed the two people sitting next to him and in front of him."I saw blood gushing from one boy's throat and another had been stabbed in the right side of his neck," the newspaper quoted one witness, who asked not to be named, as saying.Chen then attacked four other classmates, as they and their teacher attempted to escape the room, the witness said.After the attack, Chen remained in the classroom.A teacher locked the door from the outside and called police, the Guangzhou Daily reported.Police arrived soon after and arrested him.The victims were taken to a nearby hospital. Three of them had been stabbed in the neck while the others had suffered wounds to their arms and wrists, a source from the hospital said.A spokeswoman for the school, surnamed Cui, said the school authorities will issue a formal statement once the police have concluded their investigation.Students and teachers were receiving counseling to help them deal with the incident, she told China Daily.According to the Guangzhou Daily, Chen, who lives in Zhuhai, attacked a classmate while he was at university in Wuhan, in Central China's Hubei Province. He was later expelled.

The authorities are considering a central system to award individuals' achievements in various fields to regulate such honors now being given out by local governments and agencies, said officials."The country is forging ahead to study the setting up of a national system of honors and a government framework for awards," said Yin Weimin, minister of personnel.Research on two specific laws to administer awards and confer medals is already being carried out, Yin said in a conference over the weekend.The National People's Congress has discussed laws on systems to give out awards and medals as early as 1993, but no agreement has been reached because of the complexity of such systems, experts said."Effective government awarding methods are positive ways to motivate society to learn from the merits of individuals," said Wang Xiongjun, a researcher with Peking University."And the establishment of core honors in an award system, as national honors and medals for certain fields, will bring China in line with international standards," Wang said.Currently, China has various rules set up by government agencies to award individuals including civil servants and civilians who make contributions in certain fields, but almost all these lack detailed descriptions on awarding procedures and methods, said Wang.There have also been cases where officials were nominated for awards in controversial selection processes - sometimes involving large amount of prize money - that were said to lack transparency.For instance, judge Song Yushui from the Haidian District People' Court was up for an award worth a million yuan (5,600) in 2005 given by the Beijing municipal government for being one of the "outstanding individuals" of the year.But critics said Song should not receive such an award since her "achievements" were expected of her as a judge.To prevent such situations, there should be guidelines and principles set under an awards system, said Hua Xiaochen, an expert on public institutions with a research body under the Ministry of Personnel.The main role of an awards system is to provide examples of merit for the public to learn from and not to focus on large prizes, Hua told the Legal Daily.

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Apart from its soaring economy, Beijing is experiencing another kind of growth - in the age of its population.A police nurse takes an elderly woman's blood pressure as part of a medical checkup at her home in the Xicheng district of Beijing in November. A growing number of police officers have become involved with providing healthcare services to senior citizens in the community. [China Daily]According to figures released on Friday by the municipal civil affairs bureau, the city has 2.36 million people aged 60 or above, equivalent to about 15 percent of the total.Bureau spokesman Guo Xusheng said although the figure had risen by 340,000 from last year, the rate of growth could accelerate in the future, putting pressure on the city's social security system.A report by Beijing's working committee for the aged released late last year forecast the city's gray-haired population would reach 6.5 million by 2050, meaning one out of every three residents would be over 60.Guo told a government press conference the reason why there are now more elderly people is simply because people are living longer. At the end of last year, the average life expectancy for a Beijinger was 80.2 years, up 2.3 years on 2002.Yang Hui, a researcher with Beijing's Renmin University of China, warned that an aging society puts "great pressure" on the city's medical resources and a "burden" on the workforce."If the city draws too much fresh blood from the outside, it will face anther big problem - a booming population," he said.According to figures released on Thursday by the Beijing statistics bureau, at the end of last year, Beijing's population was 16.33 million, up 520,000 on 2006, the biggest annual increase in six years.Guo said the government had taken steps to prepare the city for its rapidly aging population.Last year, the authorities allocated 11.7 million yuan (.6 million) to build and renovate homes for the elderly. The city now has 336 such properties able to accommodate 38,080 people, Guo said."We want to increase the number of beds to 50,000 by 2010," he said, adding that community services and medical care for the elderly will also be improved.Also at Friday's press conference, Guo said the municipal government will continue to provide low-income families with subsidies to help counter the rising cost of living.In October, the authorities began paying monthly subsidies of 20 yuan to 229,000 of the city's lowest earners.Under the initial plan, the subsidies were to end in February, but Guo said the government had decided to extend them until June to account for possible further price hikes.

SHANGHAI - One experimental clean-energy car runs on natural gas. Another uses ethanol distilled from corn. A third has a zero-emissions electric motor powered by a hydrogen fuel cell. Visitors walk around a Ryuga Mazda car on display during The Shanghai Auto Show in Shanghai April 21, 2007. These alternative vehicles were created not by a global automaker but by China's small but ambitious car companies, which displayed them Sunday alongside gasoline-powered sedans and sport utility vehicles at the start of the Shanghai Auto Show. At a time when they are still trying to establish themselves in international markets, Chinese automakers are already investing in such avant-garde research in a bid to win a foothold in the next generation of technology. "This is the tide of the industry. If you don't go with the tide, the industry will pass you by," said Qin Lihong, a vice president of China's biggest domestic automaker, Chery Auto Co., in an interview ahead of the show's opening. China's leaders are encouraging the development as part of efforts to cut pollution and rising dependence on imported oil and to make this country a creator of profitable technologies. Chinese manufacturers are getting help from foreign automakers in joint ventures and from research alliances with Chinese universities and government laboratories. Beijing has made cleaner cars a policy priority, targeting the field as one of 11 priority areas in a 15-year technology development plan issued in February 2006. It promised grants and tax breaks to support industry efforts. The campaign embodies one of Beijing's strategies in technology development: Pick new areas with no entrenched competitors so China can make breakthroughs without huge costs. While foreign automakers have a lead in conventional technology, "in new energy we're starting from almost the same line," said Chen Hong, the president of Shanghai Automotive Industries Corp. "So we believe we can catch up with other auto companies and make great progress in developing new energy vehicles," Chen said. China's leaders are pressing its auto, steel, manufacturing and other industries to improve energy efficiency and cut pollution. They see China's rising reliance on imported oil as a strategic weakness. China already is the world's No. 2 oil consumer after the United States and saw imports soar by 14.5 percent in 2006, driven by economic growth that has topped 10 percent for the past four years. A boom in car sales has added to smog shrouding China's major cities, which are among the world's dirtiest. Vehicle sales jumped 25.1 percent last year to 7.2 million units, including 3.8 million passenger cars. At the Shanghai show, both SAIC and Chery displayed experimental fuel-cell sedans, while they and a third Chinese automaker, Chang'an Automobile Group Co., also showed gasoline-electric hybrids. SAIC said it will start selling its hybrid next year, while Qin said Chery's would go on the market in two to three years. "The hybrid will be our focus," SAIC chairman Hu Maoyan said at a news conference. "The fuel cell will be our direction." SAIC has spent 100 million yuan ( million) on fuel cell research, according to state media. Chery had the widest array of alternative vehicles on display at the Shanghai show. They included models outfitted to run on bio-diesel made from vegetable oil or a "flexible fuel" choice of compressed natural gas or ethanol. Foreign automakers also are playing a role in China's research. General Motors Corp. has a joint-venture technology center with SAIC in Shanghai and operates three experimental fuel cell buses in the city. DaimlerChrysler AG has three of its own fuel cell buses running regular routes in Beijing in a research project with the technology ministry. Foreign automakers including GM, Ford Motor Co., BMW AG and Honda Motor Co. displayed their own hybrids and experimental fuel cell cars at the Shanghai show. Company officials said hydrogen fuel cells, which produce power with no exhaust, are the cleanest option. But they say it could be a decade or more before such technology is commercially feasible, due partly to the need to create a network of hydrogen filling stations. Chinese authorities also are looking at other possible fuels such as natural gas and methane extracted from coal, said Mei-Wei Cheng, the president of Ford's China operations. "This is not an easy decision, because every option has pros and cons," Cheng said. "The government is trying to find a solution as quickly as possible, but this is a difficult problem."

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The country's trade surplus last month continued its downward trend, with efforts to curb exports paying off and imports rising, authorities said on Friday.Figures from customs authorities showed the trade surplus last month was .49 billion, below December's .7 billion and the record high of .1 billion set in October last year."For the first time since May, the trade surplus is under billion," customs said on its website.Exports rose 26.7 percent from a year earlier to 9.66 billion, while imports rose 27.6 percent to .17 billion, the government agency said. Import growth outpaced exports for the fourth month in a row.Experts said the surplus dropped due to policies put in place last year to curb exports. The authorities had introduced a raft of policies since early last year, including VAT cuts, to discourage exports of energy-intensive, polluting products."China's policies to encourage imports and cut the trade surplus are also helping a lot," Zhang Xinfa, an economist with Beijing-based China Galaxy Securities, said.As a result of the tightening policy, the processing trade last month was .85 billion, up 15.8 percent year on year. But the growth rate slowed by 9.9 points compared with the same period last year.The appreciation of the yuan also played a role in curbing exports."Many exporters are facing difficulties due to rising costs and the yuan's appreciation, and export momentum will ease in the coming months," Li Yushi, a researcher on trade with the Ministry of Commerce, said.According to Li Peng, spokesman for Asia Footwear Association, more than 1,000 shoe factories in Guangdong province closed down last year.The firms went bankrupt due to high costs driven by the removal of an export tax refund, a stronger yuan, rising raw material prices and labor costs, Li said.The stronger yuan also makes imports cheaper, which is one reason behind the strength seen in Friday's data, Zhang said.The European Union remained as China's largest trade partner last month, with bilateral trade of .28 billion, up 30.1 percent year on year.The EU was followed by the United States. Trade between China and the US last month increased by 12.2 percent year on year to .23 billion, despite looming recession in the US economy.China's trade surplus last year stood at 2.2 billion, with total trade volume hitting a new high of .17 trillion, up 23.5 percent from a year earlier.