浅析中英茶文化的区别

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CHANGSHA/HARBIN, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- As Chinese people are embracing the arrival of the Year of Tiger on Saturday, zoologists are worried about the survival of South China Tigers as the endangered species are facing a serious problem of inbreeding.No traces of the tigers have been found in the last decade, they said.The number of captive South China tigers (Panthera tigris amoyenesis) rose to 92 in 2009 from 60 in 2007 but all the tigers were the offsprings of six wild South China tigers which were caught more than 40 years ago, said Deng Xuejian, a professor with the Department of Biology of Hunan Normal University, based in Changsha, capital of central China's Hunan Province."The inbreeding may lead to genetic freaks, low survival rates and poor physical makeup," Deng said.All the genes have come from two male and four female tigers, which had lead to highly identical genes in the offspring, Deng said."The situation may reduce the genetic diversity and cause degradation or even the extinction of the species," he said.The tigers would lose genetic diversity if their genes were too similar, said Ma Zaiyu, president of veterinary hospital of Changsha Zoo."The number of the members of a species should be at least 1,000 to maintain the stability of the species," Ma said.Zoologists estimated the number of wild South China tigers could have been less than 30 in the 1990s. The remaining wild tigers are presumed to live in the remote areas of Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, Deng Xuejian said.Based on analysis of relevant date combining field investigation, Deng estimated the number of wild South China tigers could be less than 10.No traces of wild South China tigers were reported in Hunan in the last two years, said Zhou Shuhuai, director of wildlife protection section of the Hunan provincial forestry bureau."The number is limited and the tigers scatter in different areas, which make it difficult for natural breeding between wild tigers," said Huang Gongqing, a tiger expert at South China Tiger Breeding Base in Suzhou, a city of east China's Jiangsu Province."The extinction of the wild tigers will happen sooner or later," Huang warned.Some experts have said that there may be already no wild South China tigers. "However, we cannot know as the animal is very difficult to trace," Deng said.Ma Zaiyu said to avoid extinction of the species, more captive tigers should be bred, and some genes might be recovered when the population reaches 1,000, while Deng suggested continuous search for wild tigers to enrich the captive tigers' genes.The situation is much better for the Siberian tigers (panthera tigris altaica) in northeast China as the number of the wild ones is quite stable, experts said.The number maintains at around 20 in China, among which 10 to 14 are in Heilongjiang Province and eight to ten are in Jilin Province, said Sun Haiyi, deputy director of Heilongjiang Wildlife Institute"But no more young tigers under one year old have been discovered in the past two years. The reason might be the number of female tigers are less than the males and the animals are relatively isolated by the mountains," Sun said.China established a breeding base for the Siberian tigers in Heilongjiang in 1986 and the number of captive tigers has increased from eight to current more than 800, Sun said.Experts called for more efforts to protect the habitats of the tigers for the purpose of protection and re-wilding of the tigers.

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BEIJING, Feb. 26 (Xinhua) -- China and Zambia on Friday reaffirmed their commitments to increase the vitality of their decades-old relationship.Top Chinese legislator Wu Bangguo and Premier Wen Jiabao met respectively with Zambian President Rupiah Banda, who was on his first state visit to Beijing since becoming president in 2008. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with visiting Zambian President Rupiah Banda in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 26, 2010Zambia was the first southern African nation to forge diplomatic relations with China, Wen said. The two countries' diplomatic ties were established in October 1964.

UNITED NATIONS, March 18 (Xinhua) -- China on Thursday voiced its support for the liberalization of global trade and opposition to trade protectionism in all its forms in order to pave the way for the economic recovery in the world at large.The statement came as Li Baodong, the permanent Chinese representative to the United Nations, was taking the floor at the Special High-Level Meeting of the UN Economic and Social Council with the Bretton Woods Institutes, namely the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development."China supports the liberalization and facilitation of global trade, and opposes trade protectionism in all its forms," Li said. "We should strive for the conclusion of the Doha round negotiations in 2010 to bring about comprehensive and balanced results. We also need to redouble the efforts of the WTO to promote aid for trade, and help developing countries strengthen capacity building.""Trade is a key driver for world economic recovery," he said. " Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, world trade has plummeted, and trade protectionism is on a visible increase. Developing countries are the biggest victims of trade protectionism.""The overall situation of the world economy has now turned for the better, but with the negative impact of the financial crisis still lingering, developing countries are faced with a huge challenge in achieving the MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) on schedule," Li said.The High-level Plenary Meeting on MDGs to be held in September this year will be a major action taken by the UN system for the achievement of the MDGs in 2015, Li said."China supports the convening of this meeting and hopes the meeting will provide a platform for the international community to hear the voice of UN member states, especially that of developing countries, learn about the difficulties they have encountered in achieving the MDGs, and push for developed countries to truly shoulder the responsibility of helping developing countries, fulfill their commitments and reach consensus on future actions," he added.

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SHANGHAI, March 12 (Xinhua) -- Shanghai General Motors (SGM) is contacting the owners of 2,065 Captive jeeps to recall the vehicles for repair due to risk of steering malfunction, the company said on Friday.The defected vehicles were manufactured by GM Daewoo Auto in the Republic of Korea between Sept. 18, 2007 and Dec. 31, 2008, said a spokesman with SGM.China's General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (GAQSIQ) released a bulletin on Friday, approving SGM's application for the recall.SGM had received no customer reports on the defect, the spokesman said.GAQSIQ has stopped the importation of GM Daewoo Auto's Captive jeeps, according to the bulletin.

HONG KONG, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- Plans of extensive and comprehensive inspection of roughly 4,000 buildings aged 50 years and over will be carried out in a month, said the website of the HK Special Administrative Regional government on Saturday after a building collapse incident."This is a comprehensive check across the territory of all the buildings of this age, which we believed are more or less of similar construction, which is reinforced concrete framed construction," said Secretary for Development, Carrie Lam, after inspecting the scene of the building collapse case in Ma Tau Wai Road Saturday.A five-story apartment building of more than 50 years old in Hung Hom, Hong Kong's Kowloon district, collapsed suddenly around 1:30 p.m. local time ( 0530 GMT) Friday afternoon. Four people were confirmed dead and two others injured."we are going to set up 40 teams of professional and technical staff to go out to various parts of Hong Kong, Kowloon and the New Territories to inspect these 4,000 buildings. The target is to complete these comprehensive inspection within a month. We will then follow up with the needed remedial action," she added.Carrie Lam also mentioned she was going to introduce into the Legislative Council a new piece of legislation concerning mandatory inspection of Hong Kong's buildings over 30 years old and also mandatory inspection of windows for buildings aged 10 years and over.

HELSINKI, Feb. 13 (Xinhua) -- It was the afternoon of Feb. 12 local time in the Confucius Institute classroom at the downtown University of Helsinki. Lanterns and colorful streamers were hanging high, creating a joyful festival atmosphere.The Spring Festival, once celebrated only in China, in recent times has been gaining greater attention worldwide.And in that small classroom, aspirations of learning more about the traditional Chinese festival drew dozens of excited and attentive students from Finland and other countries.The gathering started with vice director Professor Li Yuanzheng's introduction to the origin and customs of the Chinese Lunar New Year. Then, a short video clip on the festival was played.However, the audience's participation wasn't limited just to listening and watching. To celebrate the "Year of the Tiger," they staged a string of performances to share their happiness.The performances were quite Chinese and included small dramas, Chinese folk songs, poems from the Tang and Song dynasties, and Taichi.Apparently, their love of the traditional Chinese culture simmered into the music and poetry. Additionally, the students also brilliantly displayed their achievements in learning the Chinese language.Perhaps the most symbolic icon of the Spring festival is the dumpling, which would certainly feed the hunger of the students at the Confucius Institute for both food and knowledge.Juhani Riisio, a student at the University of Helsinki, called the dumplings "quite good to taste."The students knew that dumplings are always served during the Chinese Lunar New Year holidays, but making the food was a new challenge for them.The first time doing anything is never easy. However, it could be read from the students' actions and faces that they were doing their best.It seemed that they were making the dumplings as carefully and confidently as they were at learning Chinese.Hard work and eagerness to learn usually pays off. The students were soon able to made decent looking dumplings, though the taste was still waiting to be examined.As the experimental dumplings were cooked and served, delicious smells seemed to stuff the room. Anyone who wanted to know the results of the students' efforts could see nothing but gladness and comfort from the smiles of both teachers and students.The making of a dumpling may take only a couple of hours to learn but a culture could take a lifetime to appreciate. Small and symbolic as the little dumplings are, they help to shorten the distance between the western world and China, facilitating communications amongst different peoples. By learning from each other, it is certain that our tomorrows would be defined by mutual understandings instead of mistrust.

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BEIJING, Feb. 9 (Xinhua) -- A senior official with the Communist Party of China (CPC), Zhou Yongkang, proposed stronger law-enforcement cooperation between China and Nepal, according to a statement of the Ministry of Public Security Tuesday.Zhou, a Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the remark during a meeting with visiting Nepali Minister for Home Affairs Bhim Bahadur Rawal in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing Monday.China attaches great importance to China-Nepal law-enforcement cooperation and expects the two countries to deepen pragmatic cooperation and safeguard and promote the regional peace and stability, said Zhou, who is also secretary of the Political and Legislative Affairs Committee of the CPC Central Committee. Zhou Yongkang (R), a Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, meets with Nepalese Minister of Home Affairs Bhim Bahadur Rawal in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 8, 2010China appreciates Nepal's firm adherence to the one-China policy and its prevention of anti-China forces from carrying out separatist activities on its territory, Zhou added.China is willing to further strengthen communication, coordination and cooperation on the Tibet issue with Nepal, he said.Rawal said Nepal, which brooks no anti-China separatist forces undermining its friendly relations with China, would like to boost law-enforcement cooperation with China and jointly crack down on crimes on their border areas.China's Public Security Minister Meng Jianzhu also held talks with Rawal Monday after the latter's meeting with Zhou.Meng said China's Ministry of Public Security is ready to work with the Nepali Ministry of Home Affairs to implement the consensus reached by their state leaders to enhance bilateral exchanges and cooperation.Based on the principle of considering the overall situation and looking to the future, Meng expects continuous and healthy development in China-Nepal relations.Rawal echoed Meng sentiments, reiterating Nepal's willingness to further cooperate with China in law-enforcement.At the invitation of Meng, Rawal is visiting China from Feb.6-12.

BEIJING, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- A senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Sunday called on organizers of the Shanghai World Expo to provide convenient services to all Chinese and foreign reporters with a more open stance, in order to let the world know better about China and the international event."The 2010 Expo is also a grant gathering of world media," said Liu Yunshan, head of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee."Organizers should do well the media service job with a more open stance, welcome reporters with open arms, make considerate arrangements, provide various news resources in a timely manner and offer convenient and professional services to Chinese and foreign reporters covering the event," Liu said when inspecting the Expo's publicity work in Shanghai.Liu Yunshan (2nd R, front), head of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, inspects the Shanghai World Expo Park in east China's Shanghai Municipality, Jan. 30, 2010. Liu Yunshan inspected the Shanghai World Expo News Center, International Broadcast Center and the Expo Park in Shanghai on SaturdayThe 2010 World Expo will be held from May 1 to Oct. 31 this year, and is expected to attract a record 70 million visitors as well as 30,000 reporters from home and abroad.So far, close to 9,000 reporters have applied to cover the event, according to Yang Zhenwu, publicity chief of the CPC Shanghai municipal committee."The Shanghai Expo is another international event held by China after the Beijing Olympics in 2008," Liu said, adding that media and publicity work is of crucial importance to the success of the Expo.New media such as the Internet and mobile phones should also be employed in the publicity work of the event, he noted.Liu also stressed that news media should provide all-round information about the Shanghai World Expo to the public.|Liu Yunshan (1st R), head of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, inspects the Shanghai World Expo Park in east China's Shanghai Municipality, Jan. 30, 2010. Liu Yunshan inspected the Shanghai World Expo News Center, International Broadcast Center and the Expo Park in Shanghai on Saturday

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BEIJING, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- China is scheduled to issue 26 billion yuan (3.82 billion U.S. dollars) of book-entry treasury bonds from Jan. 28, the Ministry of Finance (MOF) announced Wednesday.The two-year bonds, the first batch of treasury bonds this year, will be issued on the national inter-bank bond market and securities exchange market on Jan. 28 and Jan. 29, the MOF said in a statement on its website.The bonds have a fixed annual interest rate of 2.01 percent and will be available for trading from Feb. 2. Interest will be paid annually. The principal will be paid upon maturity on Jan. 28, 2012.

BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

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