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BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

BEIJING, Nov. 9 (Xinhua) -- China will raise gasoline and diesel prices both by 480 yuan (70.28 U.S. dollars) per tonne from Tuesday, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) announced on its website Monday.     The benchmark price of gasoline will be 7,100 yuan a tonne and that of diesel 6,360 yuan a tonne, according to the NDRC.     The retail price of gasoline will climb by 0.36 yuan per liter and that of diesel will rise by 0.41 yuan per liter.     The country adopted a new fuel pricing mechanism, which took effect on Jan. 1.     Under the pricing mechanism, the NDRC will consider changing the benchmark retail prices of oil products when the international crude price changes more than four percent over 22 straight work days. A worker adjusts the price tag at a gas station in east China's Shanghai Municipality, early Nov. 10, 2009. China raised gasoline and diesel prices both by 480 RMB yuan (70.28 U.S. dollars) per tonne on Nov. 10    "Margins of price fluctuations are within expectation. The price hike can help relieve domestic refiners' pressure from soaring oil refining cost," said Wang Jing, an analyst on petrochemical sector with Orient Securities Company Limited.     The price hike was aimed to protect oil refiners' interests, ensure market supply and help lead rational consumption to promote energy-saving and emission reduction, the NDRC said.     The NDRC would take active measures to help reduce pressure brought to sectors like transportation, the NDRC said.     International crude oil price might continue to rise within this year as demand would continue to grow amid global economic recovery, Wang said.

BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- The output value of China's energy saving and environmental protection industry would hit 2.8 trillion yuan (412 billion U.S. dollars) by 2012, said Xie Zhenhua, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission on Sunday.     Those sectors have become a new economic growth point and have bright prospects in China, Xie said at the fourth China-Japan Energy-saving and Environment Protection Forum which began Sunday.     He said the government will beef up investment in the construction of resource recycling projects, which will directly boost the industry development.     He noted the government will further reform the pricing system of the resource products.     Enterprises should also enhance innovation to break technological bottleneck notably in the development of clean coal transfer technology and pollutants treatment facilities.     China has been pushing for a national energy saving campaign to address the worsening conflicts between economic growth and environmental deterioration.

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BEIJING, Dec. 30 (Xinhua) -- World media reports have praised China's efforts in promoting international cooperation to combat climate change and its contribution to a substantive result at the U.N. Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen.     The per capita carbon emission in China is far lower than that in Western countries, the state media from different countries, including India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Central Africa Republic and Malawi, said recently.     Acknowledging that China was facing a heavy task of development, they said that China's demand for due right to development was justifiable and reasonable.     Alongside economic development, China has increased spending on combating climate change, greatly encouraged science and technology, and become a world leader in the use of green energy, they said.     During the Copenhagen Conference, China made all efforts to communicate and negotiate with other countries. It especially brought together developing nations to jointly safeguard their common interests and made a remarkable contribution to a substantive result of the conference, they said.     Meanwhile, media in small island states, including Antigua and Barbuda, Fiji and Papua New Guinea, also spoke highly of China's responsible attitude and forceful measures on tackling climate change, saying China's effort could match that of any developed countries.     They said that some countries' criticism of China on the issue was groundless and irresponsible.     The words were echoed by France's Le Figaro magazine, which said in an editorial that the environment issue cannot be solved without considering the people's interests and national development.     Being a leader in such technologies as wind power, solar energy and carbon capture, China has also spared no efforts in developing nuclear energy, the magazine said.     Le Figaro in an article titled "In Defense of China," called on the international community to learn more about China.     The article said that China's development has contributed to all mankind because it lifted a great number of Chinese people out of poverty and also benefited neighboring countries and the global economy.     It is groundless to say that China did nothing to improve the environment, the article said, citing China's achievements in developing solar energy and a forestation.     The world should be confident in China's ability to combat climate change, it added.

QINGDAO, Shandong, Jan. 10 (Xinhua) -- The most severe icing situation in the past 30 years in the coast off east China's Shandong Province continued to worsen amid cold snaps, oceanic officials said Sunday.     Sea ice appeared last week along the coastline of the Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea as cold fronts pushed the temperature down to minus 10 degrees Celsius, said Guo Kecai, deputy general engineer of the North China Sea Branch (NCSB) of the State Oceanic Administration. A mariculturist breaks the ice on the sea in Jiaozhou, east China's Shandong Province, Jan. 10, 2010The outer edge of the ice sheets in the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bayand northern Yellow Sea extended 60 nautical miles, 15.5 nautical miles and 20 nautical miles, respectively, according to the NCSB.     With another cold front expected Monday, the sea ice along the coastline would further develop, experts said.     More than 200 fishing boats were frozen at a port in Dongying Village in the Jiaozhou Bay. Fishermen said the ice sheet could be20 cm to 30 cm thick. Police help move the vessels stucked by ice in Qingdao, east China's Shandong Province, Jan. 10, 2010In the waters near Liaodong Bay and Laizhou Bay, floating ice was reported in an area of 65 to 75 nautical miles, with ice measured more than 50 cm thick, threatening ship navigation, anchoring and operations at ports, Transport Minister Li Shenglin said Saturday.     The NCSB had strengthened monitoring on icing conditions and sent warnings to local residents and governments.

BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- China will maintain its pro-active fiscal policy and moderately loose monetary policy to buoy the economy in 2010 as many uncertainties persisted at home and abroad, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said Sunday. Averting the trend of falling global demand remained difficult, Wen said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua.     "Economies of some countries are starting to pick up, but fluctuations are still possible," Wen said.     "China's economy has been on track for recovery. However, the economic performance and operations of enterprises still mainly rely on support from government's policies," Wen said.     "A consolidated recovery in the country's economy does not point to a complete revival and a full revival does not mean China's economy is developing in a sustainable way," Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao smiles during an exclusive interview with Xinhua News Agency at Ziguangge building inside Zhongnanhai, an office compound of the Chinese central authorities at the heart of Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 27, 2009    "To withdraw macro-economic policies too early will likely ruin the efforts made before and reverse economic development," Wen said.     The government would maintain the stability and continuity of macro-economic policies while comprehensively watching the domestic and foreign economic situations, Wen said.     The State Council, or the Cabinet, announced on Nov. 5, 2008, that the government would shift the fiscal policy from "prudent to pro-active" and the monetary policy from "tight to moderately loose" to stimulate the economy by expanding domestic demand to offset a slump in exports.     The Cabinet also unveiled a 4-trillion-yuan (585.6 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package the same day.     "We have stabilized economic growth and employment and maintained social stability over the past year," Wen said. "The government's economic stimulus package has proved effective."     China's economy grew 8.9 percent in the third quarter, the fastest rate in a year, after expanding by 7.9 percent in the second quarter and 6.1 percent in the first three months, boosted by the massive government investment and record bank lending.     The People's Bank of China, the central bank, scrapped lending limits of commercial banks in November last year.     In the first 11 months of this year, new bank loans hit 9.21 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.06 trillion yuan over the same period last year, far exceeding the full year target of 5 trillion yuan the government set in March.     The government pledged at the Central Economic Work Conference earlier this month that it would stick to the pro-active fiscal policy and moderately loose monetary policy in 2010 to sustain a recovery backed by the stimulus package.     The government would adjust macro-economic policies in line with the changing economic situation and study issues arising during implementation of such policies, Wen said.     China would gear more investment to social welfare, technical innovation and energy conservation and emission cuts next year, Wen said.

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NEW YORK, Jan. 7 (Xinhua) -- Stopping importing from China may result in an increase in the U.S. trade imbalance, chief economist of the World Bank Justin Yifu Lin said during a speech here on Thursday.     Addressing the audience at a forum about the forecast and views of Chinese economy held at the New York Stock Exchange, Lin said the imbalance between the United States and China actually "reflects some kind of specialization due to the state of development."     The type of products that China exported to the United States are labor-intensive living necessities that the United States will never produce anymore and has no competitive advantages, Lin said. Chief economist of the World Bank Justin Yifu Lin delivers a speech at a forum about the forecast and views of Chinese economy held at the New York Stock Exchange in New York, the U.S., Jan. 7, 2009. He said stopping importing from China may result in an increase in the U.S. trade imbalance    "If China will not export those type of labor-intensive products, U.S. will have to import from other middle income or lower income countries," he added. "And very likely, the cost of importing from other countries will be higher."     Lin said U.S. companies always have a free choice to import from China or other countries, and they currently choose China is because the cost is lower.     "If U.S. has to switch the source of the import from another country, (U.S.) people will have to pay for them no matter how high the price is because that is a definite necessity," Lin said," that means most likely the trade imbalance in U.S. may increase."

COPENHAGEN, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- In order to deal with climate change, efforts should be made simultaneously in fields of politics, economy, society, culture and ecology, a senior Chinese official told Xinhua.     Only through this comprehensive approach can lead to the forming of a systematic framework against climate change and push forward the harmonious and sustainable development between human and nature," said Zhao Baige, vice minister of China's National Population and Family Planning Commission.     With the efforts of all countries in recent years, great progress has been made in fighting climate change. But obvious shortcomings existed, Zhao said.     In the past, much attention was paid to carbon dioxide emissions, but little was given to their correlation with population development, she said. In addition, the roles of politics, culture and society have often been neglected, she added.     Zhao said it is a complicated and huge systematic project to deal with climate change, involving different sectors.     With regard to politics, she said all governments must attach great importance to climate change and honor their commitments. A body should be established to coordinate departments involved, while a long-term plan and a legal framework for climate change should be established.     On economy, Zhao said, "it is impossible to deal with climate change without economic support." She suggested developing countries follow a path of sustainable development when they push forward economic development.     At present, China is on its way of adjusting its industrial structure, setting carbon emission cut targets, strengthening technical innovation, raising energy efficiency and rapidly developing renewable energy.     In the social sector, Zhao said a comprehensive review over the impact of climate change is needed. The principle of equity and fairness should be introduced and a low-carbon consumption mode should be encouraged.     Zhao said a lot of efforts are needed in the sector of culture.     Thousands of years ago, Chinese started to believe that mankind should live in harmony with the nature, said Zhao, adding that China's traditional culture emphasizes the unity of personal rights and responsibilities.     However, she pointed out that in Western countries, personal rights are "over emphasized" while collective responsibilities are neglected.     In fact, China has formed a long-term low-carbon consumption behavior, while over consumption and luxury consumption widely exist in the West, said the Chinese official.     As for the sector of ecology, Zhao said climate change and ecology are interrelated. In recent years, China has adopted a series of measures including developing ecological agriculture, raising land utilization efficiency, saving water resources and reducing pollution.     Zhao stressed the importance of the interrelationship between the five above-mentioned fields, saying that only with a clear political direction, correct strategy and policy measures, can a country put carbon reduction targets into practice and adopt a low-carbon path.

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BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Sino-U.S. ties have been warmed up for U.S. President Barack Obama's upcoming China visit by frequent contacts between high-level officials from both sides, Chinese experts said Thursday.     The 20th meeting of China-U.S. Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) was officially convened on Thursday morning in China's eastern city of Hangzhou.     This year's JCCT talks, highlighted by U.S. Commerce Secretary Gary Locke, Trade Representative Ron Kirk and Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, were widely seen as part of preparations for the presidential summit next month.     "Today's JCCT meeting laid a solid groundwork and made full preparations for President Obama's visit in two weeks, which will help build the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relations toward the 21st century," China's Minister of Commerce Chen Deming said at the end of talks.     In the meantime, Xu Caihou, vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission, was paying his first visit to the United States under the Obama administration.     During his talks with U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, Xu and Gates explored ways to further military-to-military cooperation and reached agreement on seven points, which included Gates' visit to China in 2010 and mutual visits of warships.     The agreement on conducting joint maritime searches and rescue exercises has already had the embryonic form of crisis management mechanism, said Ding Xinghao, president of the Shanghai Association of American Studies.     During the 11-day visit, the Chinese general was also invited to visit some sensitive military sites, including the Strategic Command Headquarter, which was in charge of nuclear weapons and cyber war.     Xu's visits to the sensitive military sites showed the U.S. military's willingness to promote mutual trust with the Chinese military, said Fu Mengzi, a researcher with the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations.     Since the Obama administration took office, Sino-U.S. relations have witnessed a smooth transition and maintained a good momentum of development.     In June 2009, the defense ministries of China and the United States held the 10th defense consultation. In July, the two countries held their first round strategic and economic dialogue. In August, the two militaries held the maritime military security consultation.     In addition, Obama issued a "presidential determination" On Sept. 29 that shifted authority for approving sales to China of missile and space technology from the White House to the Commerce Department, a move viewed by experts as Washington's delivery of goodwill to Beijing.     It was also noteworthy that U.S. Deputy Secretary of State James B. Steinberg proposed a new term to describe U.S.-China relations in his keynote address entitled "Administration's Vision of the U.S.-China Relationship" at the Center for a New American Security in Washington on Sept. 24.     "Strategic reassurance", as Steinberg noted, means that "just as we and our allies must make clear that we are prepared to welcome China's 'arrival'...China must reassure the rest of the world that its development and growing global role will not come at the expense of security and well-being of others."     This term captured the crux of Sino-U.S. ties, said Niu Xinchun, vice director of the Center for American Studies at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations. "It is aimed at realizing the strategic mutual trust between the two countries."     The foundation for the sustained and stable development of bilateral ties lies in mutual trust, he said, but trade frictions between the two nations show that mutual trust still needs to be strengthened.     Obama announced in September to impose 35 percent punitive tariffs on all car and light truck tires from China for three years.     Just on Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced preliminary determination that intended to impose a tariff up to 12 percent on the steel grafting and steel strand imported from China, valued 269 million U.S. dollars.     In addition, China and the United States still have differences on some issues concerning China's core interests, such as U.S. arms sales to Taiwan and Tibet-related issues.     Although both sides have the willingness to enhance mutual trust, it is still difficult for them to fulfill the goal, said Fu Mengzi, adding it needs sustained efforts from both sides.     "Sino-U.S. relations are now standing at a new historical starting point," said Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan at the opening ceremony of the 20th JCCT meeting. "President Obama's first China visit will surely provide new opportunities for bilateral cooperation."

BEIJING, Dec. 31 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping Thursday urged improving the quality of Party officials at grassroots level.     Xi, who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, made the remarks here while meeting with Wang Boxiang, former secretary of a county committee of the CPC, whom Xi described as the model of such officials in the new period.     Wang, born in 1943, has been a local official for more than 30 years and won praises for keeping a just and thrifty working style.     From 1986 to 1991, he was Secretary of the Shouguang County Committee of the CPC in east China's Shandong Province. He led local people to promote greenhouse vegetable production, develop alkaline soil, and launch industrial projects, which greatly boosted local economic growth and solved the imbalance of development between north and south of the county.     Xi said Wang helped build a solid material foundation for the county's development and won acclaim from both local officials and people with his hard work and uncorrupted behaviors.     Xi called upon other Party members and officials to learn from Wang and seek benefits for people while at the same time maintain a clean style in life and work.