品德与生活

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BEIJING, May 31 (Xinhua) -- China will raise gasoline and diesel benchmark retail prices by 400 yuan (58.6 U.S. dollars) per tonne as of Monday, the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC) announced Sunday.     The benchmark retail price for gasoline would increase by 7 percent and the price of diesel by 8 percent, said a statement on the NDRC website. It is the third oil price adjustment this year. On March 25, the NDRC, the country's top economic planner, lifted benchmark retail price of gasoline by 290 yuan per tonne and diesel by 180 yuan per tonne.     The increase was in response to the rising international crude prices under the country's the new fuel pricing mechanism, which took effect Jan. 1, according to the NDRC. China will raise gasoline and diesel benchmark retail prices by 400 yuan (58.6 U.S. dollars) per tonne as of Monday, the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC) announced Sunday.    According to the new mechanism, China's domestic prices are to be "indirectly linked" to global crude prices "in a controlled manner." China would adjust domestic fuel prices when global crude prices reported a daily fluctuation band of more than 4 percent for 22 working days in a row.     NDRC pricing department official Xu Kuning has explained the "indirect link" as "based upon average global crude prices, while taking into account domestic production costs, taxation, and 'appropriate profits' of oil producers."     Crude prices have jumped 30 percent in May, the largest monthly rise since March 1999, boosted by expectations of a global economic recovery later this year.     Light, sweet crude for July delivery rose 1.23 dollars, or 1.9 percent, to settle at 66.31 dollars a barrel Friday on the New York Mercantile Exchange.     In Sunday's notice, the NDRC urged the two state-owned oil producers, PetroChina and Sinopec, to increase oil production to meet demand.     It also urged local pricing regulators to strengthen supervision over oil prices and crack down on any price violations.

BEIJING, June 22 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor called Monday for more resources and support for alternative fuel vehicles to boost the car industry and spur the economy.     Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a political advisory body, made the call during a visit to Beijing-based FOTON, Asia's largest commercial vehicle manufacturer. Jia Qinglin (C), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, talks with a worker about new energy automobiles, in Beijing, China, June 22, 2009. Jia Qinglin did researches on new energy automobiles in Beijing on Monday. "Alternative fuel vehicles represent the future of the car industry," he said. Such vehicles would improve the environment, reduce the impact of the financial crisis and trigger new technologies, he said during a research tour.     Jia, who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, urged using innovation as a priority to develop the industry, and improve research and development abilities.     He also called for more "backbone companies" with their own property rights, brands and market competitiveness.     Automakers "need to improve production abilities and services. They also need to develop more products and functions to meet market demand," he said.

BEICHUAN, Sichuan, May 10 (Xinhua) -- The quake-devastated Beichuan county seat in southwest China's Sichuan Province reopened Sunday to residents to mourn the dead ahead of the first anniversary of the disaster.     Some 21,000 people, or two-thirds of the county seat's population, were dead or missing in the 8.0-magnitude earthquake on May 12 last year, making the county the worst hit in the quake.     The county will be open for four days till Wednesday.     Mourners brought flowers, incense and candles and set off firecrackers in the ruins of former bus stations, county government buildings and homes. The police distributed bottled water to the crowd for free. A mother mourns for her child who was only 67 days old when killed in last year's May 12 earthquake in Beichuan, the hardest-hit area in the disaster, in southwest China's Sichuan Province, on May 10, 2009. Parents who lost their children came back to Beichuan as the first anniversary of the disaster approaches"I come here today to tell my mom that dad, sister and I will live a better life. I miss her and I will often come to see her," said Zheng Chengrong, a student who returned from a vocational college in Mianyang City and dedicated flowers to her mother.     Zheng's younger sister studies at Beichuan Middle School, where more than 1,000 students were dead or missing in the quake. Construction of the new school will begin on May 12.     "I wish my sister can study hard to enter the senior high school. My mom would be very happy then if she knew that," Zheng said.     Cheng Piyi and Huang Guiqiong, a couple who lost their daughter, brought their 16-month son to Beichuan. A mother mourns for her child who was killed in last year's May 12 earthquake in Beichuan, a hardest-hit area in the disaster, in southwest China's Sichuan Province, on May 10, 2009. Parents who lost their children came back to Beichuan as the first anniversary of the disaster approaches."We wish she could see the flowers," Cheng said. "When our son grows up, we will tell him that he had a sister who liked him very much."     The town has been closed since May 20 last year. It reopened to former residents during Qingming, or tomb-sweeping day, in April.     A new county seat will be built 23 km from the former one. The new town is expected to have 58,000 residents in 2010 and 110,000 in 2020.

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XI'AN, June 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archaeologists started a new excavation of the famous terracotta army site Saturday, hoping to find more clay figures and unravel some of the mysteries left behind by the "First Emperor."     It was the third excavation in the pit -- the first and largest of three pits at the site near Xi'an, capital of northwestern Shaanxi Province -- since 1974 when the terracotta army was discovered by peasants digging a well. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009. Archeologists began the third large-scale excavation of the Terra-cotta Warriors on June 13, China's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, after a halt of over 20 years.FIRST DAY: "BETTER THAN THOUGHT"     The new dig began at 1 p.m. Saturday, which marks the country's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, and it lasted about five hours on the first day.     "The most important discovery today is two four-horse chariots that are standing in tandem very closely," said Cao Wei, deputy curator of the Qinshihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum.     "It is the first time for us to find such an existence in the excavation history," Cao said. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province.In addition, another important discovery was that a few newly-unearthed terracotta warriors were richly colored. Archaeologists soon used plastic sheets to cover them for protection.     Richly colored clay figures were unearthed from the mausoleum of Qinshihuang in the Qin Dynasty (221 B.C.- 207 B.C.), the first emperor of a united China, in previous excavations, but once they were exposed to the air they began to lose their luster and turn an oxidized grey.     "From what we have excavated today, the preservation of the cultural relics is better than thought," said Xu Weihong, head of the excavation team. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province. "Take for instance, the discovery of the richly colored terracotta warriors gave us great confidence. I believe the future excavation will go smoothly," Xu said.     The 230 by 62-meter pit was believed to contain about 6,000 life-sized terracotta figures, more than 1,000 of which were found in previous excavations, said Wu Yongqi, museum curator.     The State Administration of Cultural Heritage has approved the museum's dig of 200 square meters of the site this year, Wu said. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009.Also Saturday, deputy curator Cao told reporters that the state ministration has approved a five-year excavation plan submitted by the museum.     "We plan to dig about 2,000 square meters in the coming five years," Cao said.     NEW DISCOVERIES EXPECTED     Archaeologists hoped they might find a clay figure that appeared to be "in command" of the huge underground army, said Liu Zhancheng, head of the archeological team under the terracotta museum.     "We're hoping to find a clay figure that represented a high-ranking army officer, for example," he told Xinhua earlier.     Liu and his colleagues are also hoping to ascertain the success of decades of preservation efforts to keep the undiscovered terracotta figures intact and retain their original colors.     Most experts believe the pit houses a rectangular army of archers, infantrymen and charioteers that the emperor hoped would help him rule in the afterlife.     But Liu Jiusheng, a Chinese historian in Xi'an, claims it was an army of servants and bodyguards rather than warriors. His argument is still not widely accepted by other terracotta experts.     The army is still known to most Chinese people as the "terracotta warriors and horses."     The army was one of the greatest archeological finds of modern times. It was discovered in Lintong county, 35 km east of Xi'an, in 1974 by peasants who were digging a well.     The first formal excavation of the site lasted for six years from 1978 to 1984 and produced 1,087 clay figures. A second excavation, in 1985, lasted a year and was cut short for technical reasons.     The discovery, listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO in December 1987, has turned Xi'an into one of China's major tourist attractions.

NANJING, April 25 (Xinhua) -- Negotiators from the Chinese mainland and Taiwan on Saturday stressed the significance of enhanced cross-Straits economic exchanges and cooperation amid the international financial turmoil.     Zheng Lizhong, deputy chief of the mainland-based Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), said the international financial turmoil has brought new challenges to economic development across the Taiwan Straits.     Compatriots from the two sides aspired to accelerate cross-Straits economic cooperation, Zheng said at a preliminary meeting with his Taiwan counterpart Kao Koong-lian, Vice Chairman and Secretary-General of the island's Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF).     The meeting was held to make final preparations for Sunday's talks between the ARATS and SEF heads Chen Yunlin and Chiang Pin-kung.     Sunday's talks could bring enhanced economic development and cooperation across the Straits, he said. Zheng Lizhong (R), vice-president of the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), shakes hands with Kao Koong Liann, vice chairman and secretary-general of Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF), before the preliminary discussion in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province, April 25, 2009. ARATS President Chen Yunlin and SEF Chairman Chiang Pin-kung are scheduled to hold talks on Sunday    Kao Koong-lian said one of the SEF's basic notions is that the cross-Straits relations should be two-way exchanges instead of one-way.     With mainland investment on the island, one of the four major issues under negotiation during the talks, the cross-Straits trade could basically resume normal two-way exchanges, he said.     He hoped issues on safeguarding cross-Straits investment agreements and preventing double taxation could be included in the next round of talks.     Direct transport, postal service and trade was totally cut off between the two sides since the Chinese civil war ended in 1949.     On Jan. 1, 1979, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, or the top legislature, called for an early realization of the three direct cross-Straits links on transport, mail and trade in its "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan." After 1979, the mainland allowed Taiwan products to enter at lower tax rates or tax-exempt.     In July 1988, the State Council, or the Cabinet, issued regulations encouraging Taiwan compatriots to invest on the mainland.     The mainland has been the largest trading partner of Taiwan since 2003, with annual trading volume surpassing 100 billion U.S. dollars.

ROME, July 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived here Sunday for a state visit, and he will attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for Thursday in the central Italian city of L'aquila.     In a statement released upon his arrival at the Fiumicino Airport in Rome, Hu said he is very glad to come to this beautiful country for a state visit at the invitation of Italian President Giorgio Napolitano. Chinese President Hu Jintao (C) is welcomed by an Italian official upon his arrival at Rome, Italy, July 5, 2009. Hu started a state visit to Italy on Sunday. Hu will also attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for July 9th in the central Italian city of L'Aquila."I believe that under joint effort of both sides, this visit will be a total success and help advance the all-round strategic partnership between China and Italy to a new stage," Hu said in the statement.     Noting both China and Italy are countries with a long history of civilization, Hu said the two peoples enjoy a long-standing friendship.     "China places great importance on expanding relations with Italy," Hu said, adding China is ready to join effort with Italy to bring in an even brighter future of bilateral relations. Chinese President Hu Jintao is greeted by a girl upon his arrival at Rome, Italy, July 5, 2009. Hu started a state visit to Italy on Sunday. Hu will also attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for July 9th in the central Italian city of L'Aquila.In Rome, President Hu will meet President Napolitano, Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and other Italian leaders to discuss the development of bilateral cooperation.     In recent years, the all-round strategic partnership between China and Italy has witnessed continuous development as political mutual trust has become deeper and deeper, and cooperation and exchanges in various fields have expanded rapidly. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L, front) waves upon his arrival at Rome, Italy, July 5, 2009. Hu started a state visit to Italy on Sunday. Hu will also attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for July 9th in the central Italian city of L'AquilaThe two countries have maintained close coordination on world affairs and expanded people-to-people exchanges and cultural cooperation.     China is now Italy's important trading partner with the two-way trade totaling 38.2 billion U.S. dollars in 2008 despite the slowdown of the global economy.     The two countries have also expanded cooperation in the sectors of economy, culture, science and environmental protection in recent years.     In L'aquila, the Chinese president will attend the outreach session of the G8 summit and other meetings.     According to Italy, the host of the 35th G8 summit, leaders from the G8 and major developing countries will hold talks from Wednesday to Friday on the world economy, the financial crisis, climate change, food security, trade and development.     President Hu will attend a group meeting Wednesday with leaders from India, Brazil, South Africa and Mexico. They are expected to exchange views on the issues of common concern.     At the outreach session of the G8 summit Thursday, leaders of the G8 nations, China, India, Brazil, South Africa and Mexico, and Egypt, a special guest of the Italian president, will discuss a number of pressing issues, such as the world economy, the financial crisis, and international trade.     This is the sixth time that the Chinese president has attended the G8 outreach session. The previous one took place in the northern Japanese resort of Toyako last July.     The G8, an informal forum of leading industrialized nations, groups Germany, France, Britain, Italy, Japan, the United States, Canada and Russia.     President Hu will also attend the Major Economies Forum (MEF) on energy security and climate change Thursday.     Italian Prime Minister Berlusconi described the forum in L'aquila as a "crucial step in the preparatory work paving the way for the UN conference in Copenhagen this December."     On Friday, President Hu will join discussions with leaders of the G8, Brazil, India, South Africa, Mexico and a group of African nations on aid, food security and progress toward the Millennium Development Goals.     China expects the outreach session will give "a strong signal for further cooperation on tackling the financial crisis on the basis of the G20 summits," said Chinese Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei at a press briefing last week.     "We expect the meeting will help to raise concern on the impact of the global downturn on development issues and food security, especially in African countries," He said.     On the sidelines of the G8 outreach session, President Hu is expected to meet some leaders participating in the event, including U.S. President Barack Obama, to discuss bilateral ties and the international issues of common concern.     Hu and Obama met for the first time on April 1 to discuss bilateral ties, the ongoing global financial storm and other major issues of common concern when they were attending a Group of 20 summit on the financial crisis in London.     The G8 has strengthened links and dialogue with developing countries in recent years. Such a trend has helped advance the South-North dialogue and cooperation, push forward the development of multilateralism, and promote the resolution of global issues.     Italian Prime Minister Berlusconi decided to move the venue of G8 summit from the island of Sardinia to L'aquila, where an earthquake on April 6 killed 295 people and left over 60,000 people homeless.     The Italian government hopes the shift of the summit venue could attract more attention to the plight of the victims in L'aquila and help the devastated city's reconstruction.     Since the end of last year, President Hu has attended a series of major international conferences on the financial crisis and other major issues.     He participated in the annual summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the first meeting of BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) leaders in Russia's Ural city of Yekaterinburg in June.     He was present at the G20 financial summit in London in the beginning of April.     The Chinese president and other leaders from the G20 members also gathered in Washington for a summit on the financial crisis on Nov. 15 last year.     Days later, Hu flew after a Cuba visit to Peru to attend the Economic Leaders' Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Cooperation Organization (APEC) on regional economic issues and the financial crisis.     Other Chinese leaders including Premier Wen Jiabao have also participated in several international conferences to seek joint actions with other countries to deal with the crisis.     Premier Wen stressed confidence, cooperation and responsibility as a key to overcoming the financial storm at the World Economic Forum's annual meeting in the Swiss skiing resort of Davos in January.

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BEIJING, July 3 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on Friday called for continued vigilance against the global pandemic of the A/H1N1 influenza and urged positive and scientific measures to cope with it.     Wen made the comment at the executive meeting of the State Council, China's Cabinet.     He underscored the importance of preventing and controlling the disease in public places such as schools and hospitals and called for intensified efforts in treating patients with serious symptoms so as to reduce the likelihood of fatalities. So far, there have been no deaths from the flu in China.     Inspection and quarantine measures should be strengthened and reserves of flu-prevention and control materials must be secured, he said.     Flu medicine and vaccines should be made and stored as scheduled and the role of traditional Chinese medicine in treating the disease should not be neglected, he added.     He also asked local authorities to make prevention and control plans based on local conditions and formulate management measures on flu patients' medical expenses.     The Premier has also championed the importance of health education and public opinion guidance in fighting against the disease.

BEIJING, May 8 (Xinhua) -- China's top economic planner Friday announced details of the country's new oil pricing mechanism, for the first time after the new pricing system kicked in at the beginning of this year.     In a statement on its website, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) said China would adjust domestic fuel prices when global crude prices reported a daily fluctuation band of more than 4 percent for 22 working days in a row.     The commission said refiners would enjoy "normal" profit when global crude prices are below 80 U.S. dollars per barrel, but would face narrower profit margins when the crude prices rise above 80 U.S. dollars per barrel.     However, fuel prices would not go further up, or only be raised by a small margin, when crude prices rise above 130 U.S. dollars per barrel, and fiscal and tax tools would be used to ensure supplies, the NDRC said.     Light, sweet crude for June delivery rose 37 cents a barrel to settle at 56.71 U.S. dollars on the New York Mercantile Exchange Thursday after reaching a six-month high of 58.57 dollars.     Crude prices staged strong rally on news of upbeat economic data in the United States, rising more than 10 percent in two weeks.     The NDRC statement also came a day after it denied an online report claiming imminent price hike.     C1 Energy, an energy information website, Thursday reported that the Chinese government would raise fuel prices as of midnight Thursday, but said later the price adjustment had been canceled, with reasons unknown.     Xu Kunlin, deputy head of NDRC's pricing department, said the new oil pricing mechanism is not to be followed "word by word" without any flexibility, when asked whether the commission would soon adjust fuel prices at a press conference held in Beijing.     "There has been pressure to raise domestic fuel prices as crude prices continued to rise," Xu said, "however, the final decision will depend on developments in crude prices in coming days."     Friday's statement did not say how the global crude prices would be measured.     Xu declined to reveal details on the basket of crude prices for evaluating international price changes, and said such details would remain a secret in a bid to prevent speculation.     The NDRC said in the statement that the government would continue to control fuel prices at the current stage, because of insufficient market competition and imperfect market mechanisms.     However, fuel prices would eventually be determined by market forces only in the long run under the new pricing mechanism, which is aimed to bring in more market forces, said the NDRC.     China's fuel prices, with taxes included, are at a relatively lower level among major oil importers, said the NDRC.     Domestic fuel prices are lower than in Japan, the Republic of Korea, India, Mongolia, and many European countries, but higher than in oil exporters in the Middle East and than some cities in the United States, according to surveys by the NDRC.     China's retail fuel prices vary in different regions. Currently, gasoline 93, the most commonly used type of gas, sells for 5.56 yuan (81.8 U.S. cents) per liter in Beijing.

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BEIJING, May 5 --  The economy is likely to expand 7 percent in the second quarter - up from the first quarter's 6.1 percent - even as it confronts the painful prospect of shedding industrial overcapacity, a top government think tank said Monday.    "Economic growth will pick up in the second quarter as the government's stimulus measures gradually take effect," the State Information Center (SIC) forecast.     "There has been preliminary success in arresting the economy's downward trend," it said, but did not mention any fallout from the global H1N1 flu alert.     But Zhu Baoliang, an SIC economist and one of the authors of the SIC report, said the economy will only be slightly affected by the H1N1 flu.     Annualized GDP growth sank to a decade's low in the first quarter, largely because of a collapse in export demand.     But analysts said the economy might have bottomed out since then as latest economic figures are increasingly upbeat.     The CLSA China Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), a gauge of manufacturing activity, rose to 50.1 in April, the first time it has been above 50 since last August, CLSA Asia-Pacific Markets said yesterday. A PMI reading above 50 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing sector, while a reading below 50 signals a contraction.     Also, the PMI index compiled by the Federation of Logistics and Purchasing rose for the fifth straight month in April to 53.5 percent, up 1.1 percentage points from a month earlier.     The positive economic signs sent stock markets up across Asia, with the mainland's Shanghai Composite Index rising 3.3 percent and Hong Kong's Hang Seng index 5.5 percent.     "The Chinese government has been extremely successful in stimulating investment," said Eric Fishwick, CLSA head of economic research. "We hope that firmer domestic demand, as government spending gains traction, will keep the PMI above 50 in the months to come."     The World Bank said in a report in early April that the Chinese economy is expected to bottom out by the middle of 2009. It also forecast China's economic growth at 6.5 percent for the year.     The International Monetary Fund also forecast last month that growth in China is expected to slow to about 6.5 percent this year.     Consumer spending held fast over the past months, despite looming unemployment pressure. About 2.68 million vehicles were sold in the first quarter, making the nation the world's largest auto market during the period.     Housing sales surged 23.1 percent by value while retail sales rose 15.9 percent in the first quarter, 3.6 percentage points higher than the same period a year earlier.     "Based on the clear uptrend in recent economic activity we believe the worst is already behind China in terms of economic growth," Sun Mingchun, chief China economist of Nomura International, wrote in a research note. Sun said China would achieve its 8 percent growth target this year, with a V-shaped growth trajectory.     But some analysts argue that the figures could be volatile and the economy has to deal with the structural problem of overcapacity.     "It's still too early to say the economy is experiencing a real recovery," said Zhu, the SIC economist. "Over the past months, local enterprises have been running down their inventories. Now they have to reduce overcapacity."

HOTAN, Xinjiang, July 11 (Xinhua) -- Government and Communist Party departments at all levels in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region should rely on the people of all ethnic groups to build a "steel wall" for the region's stability to safeguard the interests of the people, senior Chinese leader Zhou Yongkang said here Saturday.     Zhou, a Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, made the remarks on the third day of his visit to Xinjiang. Zhou Yongkang (L front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), shakes hands with a local Uygur farmer in Kashi, northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 11, 2009. Zhou started an inspection tour in Xinjiang on Thursday. He is the first member of the Political Bureau Standing Committee to visit the region after the July 5 riot in Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang, which caused at least 184 deaths and injured over 1,000 others.     During his visit to Hotan and Kashgar, both in the southern part of Xinjiang, Zhou said the current situation in the region was "heading in a good direction."     But he warned that hostile forces from home and abroad would not give up easily. "They are attempting to stage more sabotage," he said. Zhou Yongkang (2nd R, front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), visits policemen on duty in Kashi, northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 11, 2009. Zhou started an inspection tour in Xinjiang on ThursdayZhou urged government and Party departments, troops on duty in the region and public security authorities to stay on high alert, nip all hidden dangers in the bud and focus on ethnic unity education, to foil all sabotage attempts by the hostile forces.     When talking with Uygur farmers during his visit, Zhou said the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to the development of southern Xinjiang.     He promised that more efforts would be made to improve the living standards of people in southern Xinjiang and infrastructure in the region.