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WASHINGTON -- Financial systems in Asia appear well placed to handle the effects of the global financial market turbulence that broke out in July, said a report released by the International Monetary Fund on Friday.The report, Regional Economic Outlook: Asia and Pacific, explained that Asia was not at the epicenter of the recent turmoil, and markets and financial institutions in the region have been less affected to date than those in the United States and Europe."This reflects the relatively small direct exposure to US subprime mortgages and, more broadly, to leveraged and complex structured credit products, including by hedge funds," said the report.But it also warned that markets have begun to normalize somewhat at the time of this writing, although much uncertainty remains.The report expressed optimism about Asia's future economic performance, saying growth has been stronger than expected across much of the region, with domestic demand making an increasing contribution in a number of economies."China and India continued to lead the way, with high growth backed by strong investment, although the contribution of net exports to growth in China continues to rise," said the report."The pace of activity in the NIEs and ASEAN-5 remained solid, with strong investment in the former and strong consumption in the latter," the report added.The NIEs, or Newly Industrialized Economies, refers to Hong Kong and Taiwan of China, South Korea, Singapore. ASEAN-5 refers to Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.China is expected to increase 11.5 percent in 2007 and 10.0 percent in 2008, while India is projected to expand 8.9 percent this year and 8.4 percent next year.The Asian economies as a whole will grow robustly at 8.0 percent this year and moderately to a still-brisk 6.9 percent next year, said the report.

China, the world's largest tobacco producer and consumer, will ban all forms of tobacco promotion by January 2011.A ban on tobacco advertising has been in place since 1996, but firms have managed to sidestep the rules and promote their brands in other more subtle ways such as sponsoring sporting events, or using their logos without mentioning "cigarettes" on television, radio and in newspapers and magazines.Xu Guihua, vice-president of China Tobacco Control Association, made the landmark announcement on Monday at a seminar in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong Province. She said the country is committed to fulfill its obligations to the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.China formally became a member of the convention last January.Xu said the nation lags behind other countries in efforts to control the use of tobacco, and the biggest problem is the lack of national regulations banning smoking in public areas.To date, fewer than half the cities have framed rules on smoking bans in some public spaces. Efforts to ban smoking in other areas such as karaoke parlors and restaurants have been stifled by unwilling owners and managers who fear a loss of business.Figures from the Ministry of Health show that China has an estimated 350 million smokers, almost a third of the world's 1.1 billion smokers.Cigarette makers spent more than 1.6 billion yuan (2 million) to promote their brands last year, according to China Youth Daily.In 2005 the government collected 240 billion yuan (.7 billion) in tobacco taxes.According to the WHO convention, tobacco products must carry prominent health warnings on the packaging.This measure needs to be implemented within three years from when China signed the convention.Within five years, China must fulfill it commitment to comprehensively ban all forms of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship.Last year, authorities found there were 231 instances of tobacco promotion considered illegal. The violators were fined a mere total of 1.23 million yuan (2,780).A senior official from China's State Tobacco Monopoly, who did not want to be named, said the administration was "actively taking measures" to fulfill its obligations to the convention.Regulations to further control tobacco promotion on the Internet were expected shortly, he said.Despite a willingness to cooperate, the official said tobacco producers were lawful enterprises, and it was not fair to "butcher the industry"."There is market demand for tobacco, people can choose if they smoke or not," he told China Daily.He said tobacco firms are using scientific and technological improvements in tobacco products to "lower" the harmful effects of smoking.However the WHO has long argued there is no way to make smoking healthier.Yang Yan, a researcher with Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, said 12 percent of deaths in China are caused by tobacco related illnesses, and by 2025, that figure will climb to 33 percent.

There is perhaps no better time to savor the charm of Tian'anmen Square than during the week-long National Day holiday.Two girls pose with small national flags on Tian'anmen Square September 30, 2007, the eve of the week-long National Day holiday. [Xinhua] Stretching in front of the Forbidden City, it is ablaze with the color of 400,000 pots of flowers in full bloom.This year's major events can be seen at the city's center. Looking east are scale models of the Acropolis in Athens, the Great Wall, and a 9.8-meter Olympic torch, which represents the torch relay from Greece to China.To the south can be seen models of the Temple of Heaven and major scenes marking key events in the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to welcome the 17th National Congress of the CPC which starts on October 15.A big fountain sprouts water as high as 60 meters in the middle of the square surrounded by a bed of flowers."The square is always the best place to experience the festive atmosphere of the National Day," Deng Chuanmei, 48, a visitor from Jiangsu Province, said.Wei Liqing, a Beijing resident, said she has taken photos and videos at the square every National Day holiday since 1992. "I want to record the pace and growth of our country," she said.Work on the decorations and flower displays started about 25 days ago, and was carried out at night to avoid disrupting tourists and traffic, Zhou Jianping, an official with the Beijing gardening and forestation bureau, said.He said this year's decorations include 130 kinds of flowers, of which more than 20 will also be on display during the next year's Olympic Games. If weather permits, the flowers will be shown until the end of the month.The national flag raising ceremony will also be a major attraction. At dawn today, an estimated 200,000 people will gather at Tian'anmen Square to watch the event.The capital's tourism administration bureau has predicted that about 1.7 million people will visit the capital during the seven-day holiday.

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The central bank raised the reserve requirement ratio for banks by 0.5 percentage point yesterday to mop up excess liquidity resulting from a soaring trade surplus and increased money supply. After the increase, which will take effect on April 16, the ratio will be 10.5 percent for big bankers and 11 percent for smaller lenders. It is the third time this year the People's Bank of China has raised the ratio after similar rises in January and February. The bank reserve requirement refers to deposits banks are required to set aside as a reserve, which reduces their lending ability. "The move is directly aimed at mopping up excess liquidity," Zhao Xijun, finance professor at Renmin University of China, told China Daily, adding the ultimate objective is to maintain stable growth of the economy. In recent months, the trade surplus has expanded rapidly and money supply remained at a high. In the first two months, China's trade surplus amounted to .61 billion, a stunning jump of 230 percent over the same period last year. In February, M1, or cash in circulation and deposits, increased 21 percent year on year, a record high for the past 37 months, indicating increased liquidity pressure. Meanwhile, banks have accumulated 11.1 trillion yuan (.44 trillion) of idle funds that can be used for lending. In January and February, domestic banks extended new loans of 982 billion yuan (7 billion), about 260 billion (.6 billion) more than a year ago. As a result, urban fixed-asset investment has picked up to 23.4 percent year on year in the January-February period from about 20 percent in the fourth quarter of last year, reversing the trend of a slight slowdown since last July. On another front, the consumer price index rose to 2.7 percent, close to the warning line of 3 percent, in February. "The central bank has been closely monitoring the growth trends of the economy and is taking preemptive measures to keep it on the right track," said Zhao. Such a strategy is different from past years, when it seemed to have resorted to rather drastic measures to seek instant regulatory effect, said Zhao. The central bank raised interest rates three times in the past year; the most recent of which came into effect on March 18. Tang Min, chief economist with the Asian Development Bank in China, said yesterday that the adjustment in the reserve requirement ratio may be followed by another hike in the interest rate.

The government is to increase the level of pensions and housing subsidies for poor families in a bid to bridge the widening income gap. A State Council meeting chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao on Wednesday pledged to increase pensions for more than 40 million retirees from State-owned enterprises over the next three years. The government has already raised their pensions in the past three years by an average of 8 percent a year. But the cabinet considers the present pension level "still quite low". It said the increases over the next three years would exceed the rises made between 2005 and 2007 to "further ease social tensions caused by the income gap". The move is aimed at helping retired senior technology professionals and those who now get a relatively low pension. The cabinet ordered local governments to make sure this year's pensions are paid by the end of the month. While pledging to regularize pension increases, the cabinet also called for the development of other forms of pension rather than solely relying on the budget. It mentioned commercial and enterprise-funded insurance schemes. The average pension of enterprise employees is about 750 yuan (0) per month - the minimum salary set for developed cities, including Beijing. "With my pension, I can just about make ends meet. Consumer prices have kept on rising in the first half of this year," a 72-year-old retiree said. The cabinet also endorsed a plan to provide affordable housing to urban low-income groups. The policy aims to provide rent subsidies or low-rent housing for those who cannot afford commercial housing in the cities. By pledging to set aside more funding and land for the construction and acquisition of such housing, the government hopes to provide low-rent housing for all low-income urban residents - not just the poorest - by the end of 2010. The government aims to achieve this goal through multi-channels - construction, purchases, renovation and donations. "With the country's economic boom, it's time to share the pie with all levels of society," Chen Liangwen, an economic researcher with Peking University, said.

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Chinese photographers said the South China tiger on digital pictures, released by forestry authorities and widely discussed on the Internet, is a fake.A preparatory digital picture appraisal center under the China Photographers Society, released the results on Sunday after a team of photographic experts assessed the 40 digital pictures provided by NetEase, a Chinese Internet company.The State Forestry Administration, however, on Tuesday refused to comment on the authenticity of these pictures, saying its responsibility is to protect the wildlife.Cao Qingyao, SFA spokesman, did cite previous investigation resultsat a press conference in Beijing, saying the investigators found some traces of South China tigers in Shaanxi, and said a new investigation in the area is under way, and the results will be announced as soon as possible. The center said technological analysis from last Tuesday through Sunday showed the South China tiger on the 40 pictures was not real and could not serve as evidence for the existence of the wild animal.The pictures must have been taken by people with photographic experience or under guidance and could not be done independently by a person without any photographic experience, claimed experts.The digital picture, purporting to be a wild South China tiger crouching in the midst of green bushes, was released by the Forestry Department of northwest China's Shaanxi Province at a news conference on October12.Zhou Zhenglong, 52, a farmer and former hunter in Chengguan Township of Shaanxi's Zhenping County, photographed the tiger with a digital camera and on film on the afternoon of October 3, a department spokesman said.The Shaanxi forestry department said it had confirmed the 40 digital pictures and 31 film photographs were genuine.But the pictures released were not the original ones and they underwent modifications, such as time and signal, according to experts.Bao Kun, an expert who participated in the appraisal by the center, told Xinhua they announced the results out of "a citizen's sense of social responsibility."A detailed report concerning the appraisal would be announced in about a week, Bao added.In response to the appraisal results, the Shaanxi provincial forestry department said in a written statement to media that they had already "showed their attitude toward the South China tiger issue and would continue to pay attention to the matter.""We thank netizens and media for your care of the South China tiger and of the wildlife protection cause," the statement said, offering no direct comment on the appraisal results."In a statement on November 23 the department said: "We firmly believe this basic fact: That wild South China tigers exist in Zhenping county of Shaanxi Province."The South China tiger, from which other sub-species such as the Siberian tiger evolved, is listed as one of the world's ten most endangered animals.It is the only tiger subspecies native to China's central and southern areas. In the early 1950s, its population was 4,000 across the country. Since 1964, no sightings of wild tigers have been reported in Shaanxi.Its former habitats were in Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the central provinces of Hunan and Jiangxi.

There is growing nationwide debate over whether there is sufficient early intervention help available for people contemplating suicide.According to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, some 287,000 people take their own lives every year in China.The Ministry of Health (MOH) puts the number at 25 out of every 100,000 people.In addition, the Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center has estimated that between 2.5 million and 3.5 million people every year attempt to end their lives.Among them is a growing number of well-to-do professionals, which sparked the latest round of debate.Last month, Yu Hong, a 50-year-old doctor and teacher at Renmin University of China, took his life by jumping from a 10-story building in Beijing."Giving up life means a kind of courage and self-respect for me, even if it is considered a negative choice," Yu wrote in a blog before his death.Nie Zhenwei, head of the psychological counseling center at Beijing Normal University, told China Daily yesterday that it was a "misconception" that well-educated people with more wealth and social status were able to better cope with the pressures of everyday life."Having strived for wealth and a successful career, some of these people have in turn accumulated a certain amount of mental pressure," he said.Ashamed of their fragile mental state, many vulnerable people turn to self-harm instead of seeking help, he said."People feel they have to follow that path because of the pressure of work, relationships or health issues," Nie said.Zhang Yanping, vice-chief of the research center at Beijing Huilongguan Hospital said research into the incidence of suicide in China goes back only as far as 2000, making it hard to identify emerging trends.He told the Guangzhou Daily that China needed to update its research to determine whether the suicide rate is increasing.People are not getting appropriate treatment for depression and other mental illnesses, he said.Nie said: "We need more mental health experts and society as a whole should provide more channels for people to deal with psychological crises".

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BEIJING -- China has expressed concern about Washington's decision to shoot down a damaged satellite, urging the US Government to fulfill its international obligation.Responding to a question on the US plan to shoot down a damaged satellite, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao said on Sunday that the Chinese government is highly concerned about development of the situation and has urged the US side to fulfill its international obligation and avoid causing damages to the security in the outer space and other countries."Relevant departments of China are closely watching the situation and working out preventive measures," Liu said.According to news reports, the US Defense Department is planning to shoot down a damaged spy satellite that is expected to hit the Earth in early March. The satellite, which contains toxic fuel, has been out of control shortly after its launch in 2006.

CHANGSHA -- Chinese media have blasted an attempt by a Chinese city in Hunan province to set a world record for the longest string of firecrackers, labeling it "ridiculous" and a waste of money.A 20-km string of firecrackers, stretching from Dayao Town to the downtown area of Liuyang City, home to China's largest firecracker production base, went up in smoke on Friday afternoon, exploding for 68 minutes and littering the ground with red debris, as organizers sought to gain publicity for the city and its local fireworks industry.The event, organized by several firecracker plants and partly sponsored by the local government, cost more than 800,000 yuan (about US7,000), including 580,000 yuan for the firecrackers themselves and the remainder to stage the event and ensure the fire service was on standby."The production of firecrackers is one of the city's main industries. We hope the success of making the longest firecracker will increase the confidence of the producers and make our city well-known across the country," said Xu Qiangguo, head of the Liuyang Firecrackers Bureau.But the event, billed by local media as a Guinness World Record attempt, was not attended by an official Guinness World Records representative after it ignored a request from the organizers to attend.Instead, a representative from the unofficial Shanghai Great World Guinness Book of Records turned up to present them with a certificate bestowing upon the city the honour of having only "the country's longest string of firecrackers"."I can only ensure you that it's the longest firecracker in China and I dare not say it's the world's longest," said the Shanghai office's representative Wang Yizhuo."Firecrackers were traditionally used to ward off evils but burning crackers is more of a token of celebrations and festivals nowadays. I think this longest string of crackers reflect the happy and peaceful life of the people," he said.A flood of opinion pieces from newspapers around the country waded in with their assessments."Such a record is ridiculous, just like to sharpen the two ends of a tree and apply for the record of the longest toothpick," a journalist with the Jinan Times said.The Beijing Times said, "Unless the firecrackers are supposed to be part of a cinematic scene of raging war, what benefits would accrue from setting off 20 kilometers of fireworks?"The newspaper went on to bemoan the country's lack of creativity. "We are no less than a manufacturing base for the world. We may continue to set records in a similar manner, but that will not add a jot to our overall competitiveness," the article said.The Liuyang authorities also came under fire from a writer from the Guangzhou Daily, who called the event a "real burden for the local economy"."It's high time to call off applications for the professed 'longest' or 'most' records, such as 10,000 people eating hotpot and 10,000 people washing their feet together. They lack social significance as well as scientific and technical skills," he wrote."Some local governments like to spend a fortune creating a record in order to attract attention. But after the sensation only some meaningless numbers are left."But the man behind the spectacle Xu Qiangguo remained defiant and said he was considering applying for the official world record next year."I don't think it's a waste of money because we have got what we wanted: extensive media coverage and more orders," he said. "If you call that too luxurious, how about the existence of so many five-star hotels? They are even more luxurious."Several onlookers in Liuyang agreed. "The firecracker industry is the pillar industry of the city and making such a long one will promote our firecrackers' fame and maybe even make them world renowned," one said.Meanwhile the controversy surrounding the legitimacy of the Shanghai Great World Guinness Book of Records, which was established in 1992 and comes under the authority of the Shanghai branch of the Communist Party Youth League, continues.Guinness' official branch in China is Liaoning Education Press, based in the northeastern province of the same name.According to an article on the website of Liaoning Education Press, it has been the real Guinness Book of Records representative in China since Shanghai Great World Guinness and the Guinness Book of Records split in 1996.In 2003, a Hebei businessman from Beijing sued the Shanghai office after paying them a 1,800-yuan registration fee so he could set a world record for the first bungee jump from a moving aircraft, believing the organization to be affiliated to the Guinness publishers.After completing the jump from a helicopter 80 meters above ground, He later read in a Beijing newspaper that the Shanghai Guinness office was not an authorized agent of the Guinness Book of World Records and had been misleading the public. He also discovered that a German man had jumped 1,100 meters from a helicopter in 1997.