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微电子技术的应用及发展趋势

China's State Council on Friday approved a new regulation designed to make it easier for the public to lodge complaints against what they deem unjust government decisions. According to the Regulation on Implementing Administrative Review Law, the public has the right to ask the government to review its actions and decisions that they believe have infringed upon their rights. "It is an important platform for China's administrative organs to solve disputes, ease social tension and strengthen inner monitoring," said an official with the State Council's legal office. To ensure officials do not pass the buck, the regulation also stipulates that government bodies at all levels must take petitions seriously or their chief officials may be sacked. The regulation is based on the Administrative Review Law China adopted in 1999, the official said. Since then an average of more than 80,000 disputes have been resolved every year. The official said that the new regulation would be a more efficient means for the public to file complaints to the government than compared with filing lawsuits and petitioning. "Many of the disputes are thus settled at grassroots and rudimentary level and do not have to go to courts," the official said. "It tightens the affinity between the government and the public, and helps improve the government image." The regulation will take effect on August 1.

WUHAN: The China Enterprise Confederation (CEC) has released its latest list of the country's top 500 companies.State-owned China Petrochemical Corporation, also called Sinopec, was the largest company by revenue, with 1.06 trillion yuan (9.5 billion) in 2006. It was the only company to top 1 trillion yuan.Foreign trade dealer Zhucheng Waimao Co Ltd ranked 500. The Shandong province-based company recorded 7.216 billion yuan.Companies in the list witnessed a 23.7 percent increase in revenue and 25.9 percent hike in profits from the previous year, largely because of continued growth from mergers and acquisitions.However, the money-earning performance of the 500 still falls far behind that of the world's top 500 as compiled by Forbes.China's top performers recorded a modest 4.72 percent on profit margin, lower than the average 7.32 percent of the world's top 500, the CEC report said.The return on equity of the top 500 was 10.1 percent, much lower than the 16.1 percent of the world's top 500."The top 500 China is still mainly ranked in size instead of performance," Li Wei, deputy director of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council said."That is a gap between China and developed countries."A total of 22 Chinese companies were among the world's top 500 in 2007. Sinopec, the largest company in China, ranked 17th."China's top firms have still focused their business on traditional industries, mainly manufacturing," Yang Du, professor at Renmin University of China, said.As many as 280 companies, accounting for 56 percent of the top 500 are from manufacturing industries, and less than 30 percent are from service-related industries.China's top 500 have been continually expanding, with 131 of them, merging and acquiring some 408 other businesses last year."But these merger and acquisition (M&A) activities are mainly limited within the same industries and few of the M&A deals are cross-industries," Yang said.Among the top 500, 96 are headquartered in Beijing and 40 are from East China's Jiangsu Province.

The country's campaign to improve product quality and food safety has yielded very good results, Vice-Premier Wu Yi said in Weifang, Shandong Province, October 26, 2007. [Newsphoto]Weifang - The country's campaign to improve product quality and food safety has yielded very good results, Vice-Premier Wu Yi said on Friday.Despite that she urged: "We have to win this special war against poor product quality and supervision, enabling our people to eat without fear."Wu said the government has raised its investment in agriculture, especially in pesticide supervision and fertilizers management and to prevent fake products from entering the sector.Besides, authorities will strengthen supervision and inspection on vegetables and other food products in major cities, bringing all wholesale markets within the authorities' monitoring system.Officials are already monitoring all wholesale markets for agricultural products in 676 medium- and large-sized cities, Minister of Agriculture Sun Zhengcai said.Latest data suggest 94 percent vegetables and 95 percent aquatic products in cities have pesticide residue below the danger level.Also, more than 97.4 per cent of the pigs are slaughtered in registered abattoirs. The authorities closed down 602 illegal and 4,051 slaughterhouses in the first half of this year alone.Concerns over Chinese products safety prompted the government to formed a cabinet-level panel on food safety and quality control under the vice-premier in August.Eight categories of products are under the panel's scanner, including pork, drugs, agricultural products, processed food, toys and electric wires. The "special war" is aimed at improving product quality in four months.At a meeting in Weifang, Shandong Province, Wu lauded the province's advanced practice in product quality and food security management."Shandong's experience in standardized plantation of vegetables, aquatic products and some other agricultural products has been proved effective and worth promoting nationwide," Wu said.It brings irrigation and the condition of cultivable areas, particularly where chemicals are used, under a quality control system, which will be overseen by local officials, Shandong Governor Jiang Daming said.The province has taken the lead in the country to set up internationally recognized systems of quality standards, quality testing, attestation and supervision, securing a high standard of food quality from every link of production, processing and transportation.And more than 400,000 people in the province have attended into food safety education training sessions since August.

跟seo排名

BEIJING - Zhang Bing grew up in remote Inner Mongolia, where his family herded sheep and raised chickens. Today he's a manager in a glittering karaoke club 1,000 kilometers (600 miles) away in a booming eastern Chinese city. Zhang, 26, is part of a huge wave of rural workers streaming into China's cities in search of work and opportunity. A UN report released Wednesday said more than half of China's population - now 1.3 billion people - will be living in urban areas within 10 years. Government officials say an estimated 150 million people moved to China's cities between 1999 and 2005, providing labor to fuel the country's breakneck economic growth. "From 1980 to 2030, the population of China will go from being 20 percent urban to almost two-thirds urban. We're in the middle of that transformation. Within the next 10 years we'll cross that halfway mark," said William Ryan, the United Nations Population Fund's information adviser for Asia and the Pacific region. The agency's State of World Population 2007 report says more than half the world's population will live in cities and towns in 2008, with the number expected to grow to 60 percent, or 5 billion people, by 2030. Asia is at the forefront of this demographic shift, expected to nearly double its urban population between 2000 and 2030, from 1.4 billion to 2.6 billion. Zhang moved to Tianjin after high school and earns about US0 (euro370) a month at the Oriental Pearl karaoke club. He saves two-thirds, and is thinking of opening a store to sell knockoff purses. He said he expects to have a wife, house and car - "an Audi, definitely" - within 10 years. Like 80 percent of migrant workers in China, Zhang is under 35 and works in the service industry, which along with construction and manufacturing employs most migrant workers. But his story, told in the UNFPA's youth supplement, is atypical. Although most workers have only a middle school education, Zhang finished high school and attended business school in Tianjin. His salary is much higher than the average worker's 500 to 800 yuan (US to 5; euro48 to euro78) a month, according to Duan Chengrong, a demographics professor at Renmin University. In comparison, a typical Beijing urbanite makes about 2,000 yuan (US0; euro193) a month. Migrant workers generally cram themselves into rented housing on the outskirts of town, with an average of five square meters (50 square feet) of living space per person and no heat, running water or sanitation facilities, Duan said. At many construction sites, the workers lodge in ramshackle dormitories, or even in tents pitched on a nearby sidewalk. China's government has taken measures to "avoid the emergence of urban slums and the transformation of rural poor to urban poor," said Hou Yan, deputy director of the social development department in China's Development and Reform Commission. She mentioned programs such as establishing a minimum living standard, providing medical and educational assistance, and supplying affordable housing and basic public services. Hou did not give details of the programs. China's urbanization is unique in that it stems largely from migration instead of natural population growth. The Communist government that took control in 1949 imposed residency rules as part of strict controls on where people could live, work or even whom they could marry. It was not until recent years that rising wealth and greater personal freedoms eroded the system, allowing farmers to move to cities. The UNFPA estimates that, in less than a decade, China will have 83 cities of more than 750,000 people. Zhang, who spoke at the news conference where the UNFPA report was released, believes cities are the future of China. Before taking the job at the karaoke club, he made money teaching Chinese to foreign students, selling phone cards and running a copy shop. "In order to get employed, what is most important is to be diligent," he said. "Only when you work hard can you get good results."

Beijing - China is turning the site of a prison camp run by Japanese forces during World War Two into a war museum, the Xinhua news agency said on Sunday. More than 2,000 prisoners from the United States, Britain, the Netherlands and Australia were imprisoned at the camp in Shenyang, a Manchurian city formerly known as Mukden, between November 1942 and August 1945. More than one in 10 of them died, Xinhua said. Many Chinese believe Japan has yet to apologize properly for its invasion and occupation of China in the years leading up to and during the war. The 54 million yuan (US million) museum in Shenyang will include a two-storey brick building, three bungalows and a water tower, all original camp buildings in the Dadong district, Xinhua said. Two walls in a square will be inscribed with the names of the prisoners of war. China has a museum in Nanjing commemorating the slaughter of the citizens of that city, formerly known as Nanking, by invading Japanese troops 70 years ago. Nanjing has become the focal point for Japanese ultra-nationalists who dispute the Chinese estimate that 300,000 died or even that any massacre occurred. An Allied tribunal after the war put the death toll at about 142,000 men, women and children.

YANGJIANG, Guangdong Province -- A Chinese salvage team is getting ready to recover the wreckage of an ancient merchant ship loaded with exquisite porcelain from the South China sea on Saturday."If the weather is cooperative, the boat, which has been in the sea for about 800 years, will see the light of day again two days later," said Wu Jiancheng, head of the excavation project.Photo taken on Dec. 20 shows the interior of "Crystal Palace," a glass pool that will be used to put the ancient merchant ship Nanhai No. 1 after its wreckage is recovered from the South China sea on Saturday, Dec. 22. [Xinhua]According to Wu, the excavation is scheduled to begin at 10 am and the ship is expected to be hoisted out of water in two hours.The ship dates back to the early Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279) and is 30.4 meters long and 9.8 meters wide. It was the first ancient vessel discovered on the "Marine Silk Road" of the South China Sea. It was named Nanhai No. 1, meaning "South China Sea No.1."Wu said, Nanhai No. 1 left port in southern China to trade with foreign countries and sank probably due to stormy waves. It was quickly buried by silt. It was estimated there were probably 60,000 to 80,000 relics on board.To better protect the precious relics and gain valuable information, archaeologists launched an unprecedented operation in early May to raise the wreck and the surrounding silt in a huge steel basket.According to the plan, a crane would first put the basket onto a barge. Tow boats would then pull the barge to a temporary port on Sunday where the basket would be sent to a specially-built museum.In order to avoid damage to the relics caused by a change of environment and pressure, the ancient ship would be put in a huge glass pool. There, the water temperature, pressure and other environmental conditions would be the same as the sea bed where the ship lay.The pool, named "Crystal Palace" is 64 meters long, 40 meters wide and 23 meters high. It contains seawater and is about 12 meters in depth."It will be sealed after the ship and the silt are put in," said Feng Shaowen, head of the cultural bureau of Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province.Feng said visitors would be able watch the on-going excavation of the ship through windows on two sides of the pool.As early as 2,000 years ago, ancient Chinese traders began taking china, silk and cloth textiles and other commodities to foreign countries along the trading route. It started from ports at today's Guangdong and Fujian provinces to countries in southeast Asia, Africa and Europe.Nanhai No.1, accidentally found in 1987, was located some 20 sea miles west of Hailing Island of Yangjiang City in South China's Guangdong Province, in more than 20 meters of water.Green glazed porcelain plates, tin pots, shadowy blue porcelains and other rare antiques have all been found during the initial exploration of the ship.Guangdong has earmarked 150 million yuan (US.3 million) to build a "Marine Silk Road Museum" to preserve the salvaged ancient ship.Unlike the traditional practice of excavating relics on sunken ships first and then salvaging the vessel, no more relic excavations would be made until the boat "gets used to its new home," said Wu."Actually, archaeologists will conduct thorough excavations of the ship later in the pool."It is believed that a successful salvage would offer important material evidence for the study of China's history in seafaring, shipbuilding and ceramics manufacture.

广州网站排名优化

The first national-level association of Taiwan-funded enterprises held its inaugural ceremony in Beijing yesterday - a move which experts say will help boost cross-Straits economic integration and peace. "Taiwan business people are all over the mainland now," said Chang Han-wen, the newly-elected chairman of the Association of Taiwanese-invested Enterprises on the Mainland. According to conservative estimates, there are at least 1 million Taiwan business people on the mainland. The national-level association, comprising heads of Taiwan enterprise associations and representatives of Taiwan enterprises on the mainland, aims to serve the island's enterprises, protect their legal rights, boost relations with the ministries in Beijing and strengthen communication with mainland firms. Chen Yunlin, head of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, said the island has chalked up a huge trade surplus with the mainland and its trade with the mainland has become an indispensable driving force of Taiwan's economy. "The mainland market provides huge potential for the expansion and industrial upgrading of Taiwan enterprises," he said. Xu Shiquan, vice-chairman of the National Society of Taiwan Studies, said that the establishment of the association coincides with the mushrooming of Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland. "Besides their number and scale, more and more Taiwan enterprises are keen to upgrade their industrial structure into the hi-tech sector," he said. "Though they usually forge local associations, faster expansion and a larger scale require a higher level of coordination," he said. Feng Bangyan, director of the Institute of Taiwan Economy at Jinan University in Guangzhou, said the association, which brings together many business heavyweights, would definitely pressure Taiwan authorities to grant more freedom for economic growth. "The secessionists forces on the island can't hinder the ever-increasing economic bonds linking the two sides across the Straits," he said.

GUANGZHOU: Zhuhai in Guangdong Province and the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) are under threat from a serious saltwater tide that is likely to worsen over the next two months, the provincial water resource department said Thursday.The saltwater tide arrived in Zhuhai in the first half of November, earlier than the usual saltwater tide season from December to February.Last month, the city's main water source, Pinggang Water Pumping Station, was rendered incapable of pumping qualified fresh water for 171 hours. This seriously affected Zhuhai people's daily lives, and the impact extended throughout the Pearl River Delta.Currently, the whole city has stores of 25 million cu m of fresh water, 7 million cu m less than the same period last year.Director of the Guangdong provincial water resource department Huang Boqing said the department and other relevant organizations would do their best to control the saltwater tides and increase the amount of fresh water.Huang said construction of hydropower stations in the upper reaches of Xijiang and Beijang rivers - two tributaries of the Pearl River - should be slowed down, because they would block a large amount of fresh water and worsen saltwater tides in the river's lower reaches.Other provinces in the river's upper reaches diverted about 10 million cu m of fresh water to Zhuhai from November 20 to December 4.In addition, Zhuhai would complete a large reservoir by next October, and construction of another would begin next year and finish in 2010.However, many individuals are dredging river sands from the Pearl River Delta for profits, causing the riverbed to lower."The riverbed of Beijiang River is 30 percent lower than two decades ago," He Zhibo, a senior engineer of Zhujiang (Pearl River) water resource commission, told China Daily Thursday.The lowered riverbed cannot buffer saltwater tides. And if the river sand dredging continues, all government efforts to stem the tides would be wasted, he said.

网站自然排名优化

BEIJING -- Timothy Keating, US Pacific Command commander-in-chief, will visit China from January 13 to 16, the Chinese Ministry of National Defence (MND) said on Tuesday.During Keating's China stay, senior Chinese generals and officials from the Central Military Commission, the General Staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou Military Area Command and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will meet him separately, the foreign affairs office of the MND said in a press release.The Chinese officials were expected to widely exchange views with Keating on Sino-US military ties, the Taiwan issue, and international and regional affairs of common concern, according to the press release.The four-day tour would also take Keating to the country's financial hub of Shanghai, and Guangzhou, capital of the southern Guangdong Province. There, he was scheduled to visit the PLA military institutions and bases and hold a seminar with Chinese military officials."China takes positive attitude toward developing military relations with the United States, and hopes Keating's visit could further enhance understanding, expand consensus and boost cooperation, so as to promote the bilateral military ties to grow steadily in the new year," the release said.The MND was consulting with the US side on detailing arrangements of the visit.Keating was visiting China for the second time since being appointed to the post in March. He was last here in May.

BEIJING -- For the first time in its history, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has mentioned the word "religion" in an amendment to its Constitution adopted on Sunday at the closing session of the 17th CPC National Congress.To incorporate into its Constitution the principles and policies the Party has formulated for guiding efforts to strengthen the work related to ethnic and religious affairs, among others, is conducive to their full implementation and getting better results in the Party's work in this area, said a resolution on the amendment to the Constitution.It said the insertion has been made in light of the new circumstances and tasks.The CPC is atheistic but allows freedom of religious beliefs. China is home to 100 million religious faithful, largely Buddhists, Taoists, Christians, Catholics and Islamites"The Party's secret in handling well China's religious issues lies in its principles and policies," said Ye Xiaowen, director of the State Administration of Religious Affairs. "Their insertion in the Party Constitution shows the Party is sincere, and capable, of its implementation of policies on the freedom of religious beliefs. "He said religious problems are reported in many parts of the world. "But in China we enjoy peace and quiet because we have the established policies and principles."With the new elaboration on religious work, Ye said the Party is determined to enhance the active role of the religious circle and faithful in boosting social and economic development."I learned of the amendment on the Internet and was inspired," said Living Buddha Dainzin Qoizha in the Shannan Prefecture of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region. He's been watching the week-long Party congress on the Internet.Dainzin Qoizha is a government employee in Shannan. More than half of his colleagues are CPC members."I'm on very good terms with them," he said. "As a non- Communist, I'm in charge of ethnic and religious work. The prefecture's Party committee is very supportive."Hao Peng, vice Party chief in Tibet, described the relations between the Party and the religious faithful as "united, cooperative and mutual respectful".Tibet currently has more than 1,700 religious sites, 46,000 monks and nuns and more than 30 living Buddhas whose reincarnation has been recognized by the central or regional governments.At least 600 Tibetan Buddhist faithful are working at local legislatures, political advisory bodies, administrations of religious affairs and state-owned businesses and institutions.The CPC's tenet of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, featuring prosperity, democracy, cultural advancement and harmony, reflect the common aspirations of Tibet's religious faithful, said Zhukang Tubdankezhub, president of the Tibetan branch of the Buddhist Association of China.As the host country of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games, China has pledged to offer religious services for foreigners arriving for the Games."A large number of religious faithful will be arriving for the Games," Ye Xiaowen told reporters at a news conference on the sidelines of the 17th Party congress.He said China is working on religious facilities at its Olympic venues with the help of the International Olympic Committee and referring to the practices at previous Games. "Our religious services will be up to previous standards."Ye also dismissed allegations that China restricted the printing and sale of Bibles, which he said receive state subsidies and other preferential policies.China, with 16 million Protestant Christians, has printed 42 million Bibles, he said.