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CHENGDU: Halfway up the Longquan Mountain sits a tiny village where Fu Qing used to live with her parents.Each morning, the young girl would get up at 6:30 am and after breakfast, walk for 40 minutes along a winding mountain path to the nearest primary school.In winter, she would often become anxious toward the end of the school day, concerned she might not make it home before sunset.But these days, the 14-year-old no longer has to worry about long lonely walks on dark mountain paths.Along with 3,164 other children from Longquan Mountain, Fu now attends a boarding school in Chengdu's Longquanyi district. Exempt from tuition and lodging fees, each student also receives 130 yuan a month for meals and bus fares, and two new uniforms each year.The youngsters are all part of the Golden Phoenix Project, a pilot program that aims to provide better schooling for children from Chengdu's rural areas. Authorities in the Sichuan capital hope it will also better prepare them for urban life.Longquanyi covers an area of about 500 sq km, two-fifths of which is mountainous. About 60,000 people live in the mountains, most of them farmers.Fu's former primary school was in Chadian, a village located at the very heart of Longquan Mountain. It had just six classrooms and on rainy days, the roof leaked.Once the rain had stopped the students would have to repaint the blackboards with ink, which would get washed off in the downpour. And at the start of every semester, Fu and her classmates had to carry their desks and chairs to school, because there was no money to buy new ones.In the evening, Fu would make dinner for herself and her mother, who spent her days growing beans and fruit on the mountain. Fu's father worked at a construction site in Chengdu.The local government launched the Golden Phoenix Project in 2005 in a bid to bring youngsters like Fu down from the mountain and into middle schools in the towns.As well as providing them with financial support, the authorities allocated 160 million yuan for the construction of a boarding school, which, on its completion next year, will be able to accommodate 5,000 students.Fu is one of 1,840 students from mountain villages currently living and studying at the almost-complete school, which boasts 121 teachers, including 20 who act in loco parentis.And rather than having to repaint the blackboard after each downpour, Fu now enjoys computer studies and physical education classes when she gets to run on the rubberized athletics track, something she had never even seen before.The new school is helping provide Fu not only with an education, but also a real insight into urban living.Since she has been there, she has learned how to use a flush toilet, for example, and understand traffic lights.Her biggest dream is to finish her education and become an office worker in the city.Thanks to the Golden Phoenix Project, all middle-school-aged children from Longquanyi's mountainous areas attend boarding schools in nearby towns.The district government is now planning to spend a further 40 million yuan to establish similar schools for primary students.Zhou Jiping, head of Chengdu's education bureau, said: "The Golden Phoenix Project is just one of the efforts being made here to ensure the balanced development of urban and rural education."Children studying under the project often perform better than their peers from urban areas, he said.Over the past four years, local authorities have spent 1 billion yuan on the construction and renovation of 400 schools in rural areas. Rural students are exempt from tuition fees for compulsory education and from next year, they will also be provided with free textbooks."By doing so, we hope to give all kids in Chengdu a fair and equal start," Zhou said.

BEIJING - Chinese central government offices suffered a day without air-conditioning as they warmed to a campaign to cut energy consumption and improve energy efficiency, Xinhua news agency said on Wednesday. Tuesday's campaign, dubbed "experiencing energy shortage", targeted offices and government departments under the State Council, the nation's cabinet. "Beijing was not as sun-burning as previous days on Tuesday, but the overcast weather still made people sweat in the afternoon," Xinhua said. China's capital has unleashed "energy police" to enforce limits on air-conditioner use as the government pushes to save power and clean polluted skies, state media said this week. China last year vowed to cut energy consumption for every unit of economic activity by 20 percent by the end of 2010. But feverish economic growth has so far defied the target. The government's latest weapon is 22 officials who will check whether offices, hotels, malls and other big buildings in Beijing are observing a demand to set air conditioning no cooler than 26 degrees Celsius (79 Fahrenheit), the Beijing News reported. Worried that the nation cannot sustain resource-sapping growth, the central government has repeatedly ordered officials and companies to save energy. Efforts to clear the capital of pollution have taken on a new urgency with the 2008 Beijing Olympics just over a year away. Chinese President Hu Jintao and other officials have said the country is committed to emission reduction, but refused mandatory caps. Beijing has held up its voluntary energy saving measures as an important contribution to fighting global warming, and called for more technological help for clean energy.

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In the latest move by some countries to construct new embassies or give their missions in Beijing a makeover, the Australian embassy will spend million refurbishing its already elegant building, the Australian ambassador announced Tuesday.The refurbishment will cover much of the embassy's high-traffic areas and incorporate all four levels of the Chancery building.A new 2,500-sq m annex building will also be constructed on the site, the ambassador added.The project will begin immediately after the 2008 Olympics and is scheduled for completion in 2010.Geoff Raby, the Australian ambassador to China, said the number of embassy staff had increased to 190 resident Australian diplomats and their families and 120 Chinese staff.He recalled there were about 32 Australian staff and 60 Chinese employees when construction of the embassy was completed in 1992, making it one of more iconic buildings in Beijing."The Australian embassy in China is one of our biggest embassies in the world," Raby said.It is a sign that Australia attaches more importance to its relations with China, the ambassador said.Woods Bagot, a global studio specializing design and consulting that operates in Australia, Asia, the Middle East and Europe, will implement the project with Chinese local design institute UAD and multinational engineers Arup."The (Australian) government demanded new thinking for a new diplomatic era in China," Jason Marriott, managing principal of Woods Bagot, said.The Australian embassy is located in the second diplomatic neighborhood on Dongzhimenwai Street.The first diplomatic neighborhood is near Jianguomenwai and a third one is north to Liangmahe.The United States has plans for a new embassy project in the third diplomatic neighborhood after Republic of Korea and Malaysia finish their new buildings.Wang Fan, a researcher of international relations with China Foreign Affairs University, said the embassy building and renovation boom symbolized how important China was to foreign countries' diplomatic strategies.

China's quality watchdog cracked 23,000 cases of fake and low-quality food from December 2006 to May 2007, involving 200 million yuan (26 million U.S. dollars). A total of 180 food manufacturers were shut down during the six months for making substandard food or using unedible materials for food production, said Han Yi, a senior official with the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, at a press conference on Tuesday. The administration launched the nationwide fight against illegal food production and processing in December last year, mainly targeting food makers in the countryside and food for everyday consumption, including baby milk powder, rice, wheat powder and meat products. In 2006, China's industrial and commercial authorities ferreted out 68,000 fake food cases and withdrew 15,500 tons of substandard food from the market, according to the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. Forty-eight cases were handed over to judicial departments.

BEIJING - Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said on Monday in a meeting with World Trade Organization Director-General Pascal Lamy that China will firmly continue its opening up.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with visiting World Trade Organization Director-General Pascal Lamy at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, January 14, 2008. [Xinhua]"China will firmly insist on its reform and opening up, and is ready to develop trade, economic and technological cooperation with other countries in a fair and open environment," Wen told Lamy.He said the conclusion of the Doha Round talks will be undoubtedly conducive to the realization of open and predictable trade and the steady development of world economy."China supports all concerned parties to actively promote the Doha Round talks at the current basis, and hopes that the talks will finish with success as soon as possible," said Wen.Lamy said the the success of the current Doha Round talks, which are now at a crucial moment, would be the most effective way to contain trade protectionism, and he hoped China will continue to play an active and constructive role in the talks.

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Chinese residents along the Huaihe River have been urged to gear up for their second tough combat against floods in a week as the receding flood water on some branches started rising again on Saturday after torrential rains.The upper-reach Nanwan Water Dam and Shishankou Reservoir have got an average rainfall of 150 mm and 315 mm respectively on Friday, resulting a twist in the ongoing combat against the worst flooding on the Huaihe River since 1954. ¡¡ Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao talks to a child during his visit to the flood-hit Funan County in East China's Anhui Province, July 13, 2007. Continuous heavy rainfall has been battering a large part of eastern and southern China, with some parts witnessing the worst floods in decades. [newsphoto]The water level on the crucial Wangjiaba Hydrological Station may soon surge above the danger line as more rains have been forecast in the next few days, said Cheng Dianlong, deputy director of the Office of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. Thirteen sluices at Wangjiaba station were opened Tuesday to divert flood water into the Mengwa Buffer Zone home to 150,000 people to provide relief to more than 2 million flood-hit residents in Henan Province. ¡¡ Nearly half a million people have been evacuated from the projected path of floodwater from the Huaihe River by Friday. Cheng said that the Henan hydrological departments on the upper reaches have made good use of reservoirs and water dams to alleviate pressure downstream Saturday. The flux into the Nanwan Reservoir registered at 2,760 cubic meters per second, however that out of the reservoir was¡¡reduced to 200 cubic meters per second. "The Huaihe riverbanks have been lashed by swelling water for several days. Putting up good defense will become increasingly difficult as more torrential rains are to come," he said. The headquarters issued an emergency notice Saturday to all local governments along the Huaihe River, requiring them to surmount fatigue, remain high alert and carry forward the spirit fostered in battling the 1998 Yangtze River flooding which killed more than 3,000 people and inflicted about 100 billion yuan (about 13 billion U.S. dollars) in economic losses. The notice urged them to take all adverse situations into consideration to reinforce preventive measures, continue to put the human first and safeguard the lives and assets of the people by arranging for relocation in advance. Along the Yangtze River, Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei provinces and Chongqing Municipality have been stricken by floodwater as heavy rainfall had lifted up the water levels of some branches. The Pipazui and Zhengjiahe Hydrological Stations on the tributary Fuhe River have both registered their highest water levels in history. Landslides triggered by mountain torrents killed six and caused three missing in Zhijin County of Guizhou Province, affected more than 673,000 people in Chongqing and inflicted the municipality 182 million yuan in direct economic losses. Some 1,630 people in Jingshan County of Hubei were evacuated in emergency as the water collected in downtown areas were 0.5 to 1.5 meter deep. By Friday, a total of 403 Chinese had been killed with 105 missing and 3.17 million people have been relocated as the rainy season coupled with ferocious flood waters continues to batter central and southern China.

As Beijing's migrant population continues to grow, some experts believe the decades-old hukou system is outmoded and broken. A migrant worker walks past a row of new property buildings in Beijing April 4, 2007. As Beijing's migrant population continues to grow, some experts believe the decades-old hukou system is outmoded and broken. [Reuters]The policy requires migrants to get temporary permits, or the much harder to obtain hukou, once they move to the city. These days, a growing number of those who relocate to find better jobs in Beijing tend to stay longer or even resettle with their entire families, according to a study by the Renmin University of China. The investigation revealed that this "floating population" in Beijing, currently at 3.57 million, stays an average of 4.8 years in the city. In addition, over 51 percent of those remain for more than five years while over 41 percent bring the whole family. "It is getting trendier for them to come and reside with the whole family," said Zhai Zhenwu, dean of the School of Social and Population Science. Representing 23 percent of local residents, most migrants live in the nearby suburban areas and villages within downtown. The thriving low-skilled labor market in Beijing has been a major source of jobs for unskilled migrants. Zhai said the most basic jobs in the city offer higher wages that far exceed what migrants would have earned in rural areas. But city life also means a poor quality of life and inadequate social services. For example, statistics show that the urban per capita disposable income in Beijing is five times more than the average in rural areas of neighboring Hebei Province and 6.7 times more than that in Anhui Province. China's hukou system, established in the 1950s, divided the Chinese into two categories: rural and non-rural households. The policy was established to control population migration, largely from rural to urban areas. Under the policy, rural people are not granted social security in cities and are restricted from receiving public services such as education, medical care, housing and employment. On the other hand, their urban compatriots have no access to farmland in the countryside. For years, non-rural residency, especially in cities like Beijing and Shanghai, has been a difficult goal for outsiders, particularly rural migrant workers. According to Zhang Chewei, vice-president of the Research Institute of Population Science at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, the system needs work. He referred to the "unfair treatment in social recourses and justice, also it hinders market development in both rural and urban areas." For example, each migrant worker must fork over 20,000 to 30,000 yuan (,597 to ,896) for a child to enrol in a local primary or middle school. And they're often turned down if they try to buy affordable homes in urban areas. It is estimated that more than 120 million rural workers live in cities throughout China. "Hukou has played a significant role as basic data provider and identification registration in certain historical periods, but it has become neither scientific nor rational," Zhang said. Reform of the hukou system began in 1992, but the policy remains complicated and unfair for many. Last month, the Ministry of Public Security said the country will reform the system, but did not offer any details. Yu Lingyun, a professor with the Law School of Tsinghua University, called for the system to be abolished. "It is not hukou that has robbed the social welfare of the 'floating population,' but the discriminating system itself, and most fundamentally the limited public finance," Yu told China Daily yesterday. "If not for the hukou system, schools can find other reasons to decline a rural student," he said. "Under current conditions, at least we should not bear any prejudice against them," he said.  

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BEIJING, Mar. 1 -- Mrs Zhang is very much looking forward to the opening of Beijing's new Line 10 metro route.    On Friday, the 72-year-old was buffeted and bashed as she tried to get on a bus at Guomao, where she had been visiting her son at his office.     She wanted to get to Shuangjing, she said, but the crowds were so big and boisterous, she kept getting pushed to the back of the queue.     However, she knows that when the new Line 10 opens, her journey will be a lot less stressful.     "I really wish I could take the subway. It's faster and less painful," she said, doing her best to avoid the crowds and passing buses.     Scheduled to open in June, Line 10 will provide a high-speed link for commuters - and their elderly relatives - between Bagou in the west and Jinsong in the south.     On Friday afternoon, Zhou Zhengyu, deputy director of the Beijing municipal committee of communications, joined a group of journalists to try out the new route.     The 15.5-billion-yuan (2.18 billion U.S. dollars), 25-km line, along with two other routes linking the airport and the Olympic Green, will open in June, once testing has been completed - just in time for the millions of Olympic visitors, he said.     "But we won't slow down our construction plans once the Games have finished," Zhou told China Daily inside one of the line's new carriages.     "In fact, we will accelerate our development plans to provide an even better service for the people of Beijing."     Since the opening of Line 5 in October, the number of passengers using the subway has risen by more than a third, he said.     By 2015, Beijing's metro will stretch more than 561 km and feature 420 stations, Zhou said.     The existing network spans 155 km and has 93 stations, with the cost to develop each additional kilometer averaging out at about 500 million yuan, Liu Hongtao, a senior official with the Beijing railway transportation construction corporation, said.     He told China Daily the massive infrastructure project was already progressing well.     "Three lines are close to completion, one is under construction, and ground has been broken at six others," he said.     "The total cost of all the extra lines will be something like 200 billion yuan by 2015," he said.     "The government's usual annual budget for public transport is about 1 billion yuan," Zhou, who will be in charge of public transport in Beijing for the next five years, said.     Wang Hailong, who has worked as a taxi driver in the capital for the past five years is not worried about the metro taking away his business.     "The new subway does us little harm," he said. "And it will certainly ease the pain of millions of people who now travel by bus."

The China Meteorological Ad-ministration (CMA) Tuesday announced the completion of a national climate observation network to help mitigate global warming.CMA director Zheng Guo-guang said the network would collect accurate information about climate change."Climate change is threatening the environment, state security and economic development," Zheng said.Responding to a UN plan, China's first climate observation network was set up in 1997. Seven departments - meteorology, water affairs, agriculture, environmental protection, forestry, ocean and scientific research - joined the network.The network set up 16 key observation areas, Zhang Renhe, director of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Director, said.These are: Atmosphere and land systems in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, glacier; water and ecological systems in the Tianshan Mountain area; Xilingol pastures in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Dunhuang desert in Gansu Province; forests in Northeast China; water circulation systems in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces; agriculture in the Yellow and Huaihe river basins; the lakes of Dongting and Poyang; the atmosphere around Mount Waliguan in Qinghai Province; ecological systems in source regions of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers; the economic belt around Beijing; economic development zones in the Yangtze and Pearl river deltas; Sichuan Basin; the land-ocean-atmosphere system around Bohai Sea; air-sea interaction in the South China Sea; and comprehensive oceanic observations.By observation and data processing, the network should provide data about temperatures, glaciers, frozen soil, accumulated snow, aerosoles, greenhouse gases, ozone, plant and soil."This data can help China predict natural disasters, strengthen forecasts of extreme weather events and be more adaptable when it comes to industrial projects," Zheng said.A National Climate Change Program was released in June, which pledged to cut greenhouse gas emissions, but with no specific goals.