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BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Sino-U.S. ties have been warmed up for U.S. President Barack Obama's upcoming China visit by frequent contacts between high-level officials from both sides, Chinese experts said Thursday.     The 20th meeting of China-U.S. Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) was officially convened on Thursday morning in China's eastern city of Hangzhou.     This year's JCCT talks, highlighted by U.S. Commerce Secretary Gary Locke, Trade Representative Ron Kirk and Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, were widely seen as part of preparations for the presidential summit next month.     "Today's JCCT meeting laid a solid groundwork and made full preparations for President Obama's visit in two weeks, which will help build the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relations toward the 21st century," China's Minister of Commerce Chen Deming said at the end of talks.     In the meantime, Xu Caihou, vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission, was paying his first visit to the United States under the Obama administration.     During his talks with U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, Xu and Gates explored ways to further military-to-military cooperation and reached agreement on seven points, which included Gates' visit to China in 2010 and mutual visits of warships.     The agreement on conducting joint maritime searches and rescue exercises has already had the embryonic form of crisis management mechanism, said Ding Xinghao, president of the Shanghai Association of American Studies.     During the 11-day visit, the Chinese general was also invited to visit some sensitive military sites, including the Strategic Command Headquarter, which was in charge of nuclear weapons and cyber war.     Xu's visits to the sensitive military sites showed the U.S. military's willingness to promote mutual trust with the Chinese military, said Fu Mengzi, a researcher with the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations.     Since the Obama administration took office, Sino-U.S. relations have witnessed a smooth transition and maintained a good momentum of development.     In June 2009, the defense ministries of China and the United States held the 10th defense consultation. In July, the two countries held their first round strategic and economic dialogue. In August, the two militaries held the maritime military security consultation.     In addition, Obama issued a "presidential determination" On Sept. 29 that shifted authority for approving sales to China of missile and space technology from the White House to the Commerce Department, a move viewed by experts as Washington's delivery of goodwill to Beijing.     It was also noteworthy that U.S. Deputy Secretary of State James B. Steinberg proposed a new term to describe U.S.-China relations in his keynote address entitled "Administration's Vision of the U.S.-China Relationship" at the Center for a New American Security in Washington on Sept. 24.     "Strategic reassurance", as Steinberg noted, means that "just as we and our allies must make clear that we are prepared to welcome China's 'arrival'...China must reassure the rest of the world that its development and growing global role will not come at the expense of security and well-being of others."     This term captured the crux of Sino-U.S. ties, said Niu Xinchun, vice director of the Center for American Studies at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations. "It is aimed at realizing the strategic mutual trust between the two countries."     The foundation for the sustained and stable development of bilateral ties lies in mutual trust, he said, but trade frictions between the two nations show that mutual trust still needs to be strengthened.     Obama announced in September to impose 35 percent punitive tariffs on all car and light truck tires from China for three years.     Just on Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced preliminary determination that intended to impose a tariff up to 12 percent on the steel grafting and steel strand imported from China, valued 269 million U.S. dollars.     In addition, China and the United States still have differences on some issues concerning China's core interests, such as U.S. arms sales to Taiwan and Tibet-related issues.     Although both sides have the willingness to enhance mutual trust, it is still difficult for them to fulfill the goal, said Fu Mengzi, adding it needs sustained efforts from both sides.     "Sino-U.S. relations are now standing at a new historical starting point," said Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan at the opening ceremony of the 20th JCCT meeting. "President Obama's first China visit will surely provide new opportunities for bilateral cooperation."

BEIJING, Nov. 12 (Xinhua) -- China would not let the yuan gain against the U.S. dollar in the short term, experts said here Thursday when commenting on the latest quarterly report of China's central bank.     People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank, said Wednesday in its quarterly report of monetary policy, for the first time, that the bank would improve the mechanism of the exchange rate determination "based on international capital flows and movements in major currencies".     "The new wording showed that China would reduce speculation and strengthen risk control in the future, but it did not necessarily suggest a change in the yuan's exchange rate policy," said Tan Yaling, an expert with the China Institute for Financial Derivatives at Peking University.     "The future mechanism would reflect China's own concerns and status," she said.     China's foreign exchange reserves surged to a record 2.27 trillion U.S. dollars as of the third quarter of 2009, up 19.26 percent year on year, PBOC reported in September.     According to Yin Jianfeng, a researcher with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), a government think tank, it is natural for the central bank to pay more attention to increasing international capital inflows.     "Excessive liquidities are pouring into China as the country is witnessing rapid recovery while the economic condition is still weak in the western world," he said.     Zuo Xiaolei, chief economist with Galaxy Securities, said the central bank's report indicated the government had raised concerns that such inflows would put China under huge external pressure for yuan appreciation.     Zuo predicted that as the U.S. dollar depreciates further, excessive liquidity will be a global issue in future, which would in turn pull up China's foreign reserve to a new level.     China has been facing calls to let its own currency gain against the dollar since it recovered quickly from the financial crisis, especially after it reported the positive economic data of last month, however, experts had expressed different opinions.     "Sudden upward movement in the yuan would slow China's economic growth when the country's exports just showed signs of recovery, "Tan said, "All in all, the exchange rate policy should not be subjected to other countries but serve our own economy."     Also, the pace of yuan's appreciation should be determined not only by the foreign trade surplus, according to Zuo Xiaolei.     The balance of China's internal development should also be taken into consideration, including the massive stimulus package and the accumulated liabilities of local governments, she said.     China's exports slid 13.8 percent year on year to 110.76 billion U.S. dollars in October, said the National Bureau of Statistics Wednesday. The decline rate was 1.4 percentage points lower than that of September.

BEIJING, Dec. 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao brought hope and confidence to the world in its fight against climate change by attending the summit of the UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said Saturday.Yang, who had accompanied Wen during his visit on Thursday and Friday, said climate change profoundly affected mankind's existence and development, imposed a critical challenge to the world, and should be tackled by all countries jointly.     The Copenhagen conference was an important opportunity to boost international cooperation in combating climate change, Yang said.     Under the joint efforts of all parties, the conference yielded significant and positive fruits in three aspects, he said.     First, it firmly upheld the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" set by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol.     Second, it made a solid step forward in promoting developed countries' binding emissions cuts and developing countries' voluntary mitigation actions.     Third, it produced important consensus on the key issues of long-term global emissions cut targets, funding and technology support to developing countries, and transparency.     Yang said Premier Wen's attendance at the summit showed the Chinese government took a highly responsible attitude toward the Chinese people, all peoples in the world and mankind's future.     Over the last two days, Wen delivered an important speech to the summit, kept close contact with many parties, communicated and coordinated with them, overcame various difficulties, and guided action according to situation. He adopted a principled but flexible attitude, broke his back to move the climate talks forward on the right track, and played a pivotal role in the climate talks.     Wen's attendance contributed to the global fight against climate change mainly in three fields, Yang said.     FIRST, ABIDING BY PRINCIPLES, MAINTAINING A FOUNDATION FOR COOPERATION     Yang said developing and developed countries were very different in their historical emissions responsibilities and current emissions levels, and in their basic national characteristics and development stages, therefore they should shoulder different responsibilities and obligations in fighting climate change.     According to Yang, Wen told the conference the international community must adhere to the following four principles to combat climate change.     First, maintaining the consistency of outcomes:     The outcome of this conference must stick to rather than obscure the basic principles enshrined in the Convention and the Protocol. It must follow rather than deviate from the mandate of the "Bali Roadmap." It should lock up rather than deny the consensus and progress already achieved in the negotiations.     Second, upholding the fairness of rules:     The principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" represents the core and bedrock of international cooperation on climate change and it must never be compromised. Developed countries must take the lead in making deep quantified emission cuts and provide financial and technological support to developing countries. Developing countries should, with the financial and technological support of developed countries, do what they can to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change in the light of their national conditions.     Third, paying attention to the practicality of the targets:     In tackling climate change, the world needed to take a long-term perspective, but more importantly, focus on the present. It was important to focus on achieving near-term and mid-term reduction targets, honoring the commitments already made and taking real action. One action was more useful than a dozen programs. The conference should give people hope by taking credible actions.     Fourth, ensure the effectiveness of institutions and mechanisms:     The international community should make concrete and effective institutional arrangements under the Convention to have developed countries honor their commitments, provide sustained and sufficient financial support to developing countries, speed up the transfer of climate-friendly technologies and effectively help developing countries strengthen their capacity in combating climate change.     Yang said Wen's propositions reflected developing countries' common stance. The propositions were reasonable and lawful, based on the present, faced the future, addressed all parties' interests, pointed out the direction for the climate conference when it was at the crossroads, effectively kept and boosted the talks, and won wide support and praise.

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BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Equality has become a catchphrase when Chinese lawmakers mull over two major moves in the history of China's legislative progress.     Chinese rural and urban people are about to get equal representation in lawmaking bodies. It means farmers will have the same say in the country's decision-making process as urbanites.     At the five-day legislative session beginning Tuesday, members of national legislature discussed to give rural and urban people equal representation in people's congresses.     A draft amendment to the Electoral Law was tabled at the bimonthly meeting of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee. It requires that both rural and urban areas adopt the same ratio of deputies to the people's congresses.     The electoral system is the foot stone of democracy, and the principle of equality is a prerequisite to guarantee people's democratic rights.     The Electoral Law was enacted in 1953 and completely revised in1979. It then underwent four minor amendments.     Senior people are still nostalgic about the bean-counting way of electing their representatives in villages, which was the country's primitive mode of democracy after New China was founded in 1949.     Candidates who stood for election as deputies to a people's congress were elected if they received more than half of the beans.     Later voters began to use ballots.     After the last amendment in 1995, the law stipulates that each rural deputy represents a population four times that in urban areas.     That means in China, every 960,000 rural residents and every 240,000 urbanites are represented by one rural and urban NPC deputy respectively.     Critics say this can be interpreted as "farmers only enjoy a quarter of the suffrage of their urban counterparts."     During previous amendments in the 1980s, the difference was even as great as eight times.     But Li Shishi, director of the Commission for Legislative Affairs of the NPC Standing Committee, said such a provision is "in accordance with the country's political system and social conditions of that time" and is "completely necessary" as the rural population is much more than that of cities and an equal ratio of rural and urban representation will mean an excessive number of rural deputies.     Rural population made up almost 90 percent of the country's total in 1949. With the process of urbanization, the ratio of urban and rural residents was about 45.7 to 54.3 last year.     Li said that with rapid urbanization and rural economic development, the time is right for equal representation, which is conducive to "mobilizing people's enthusiasm and creativity" and the development of democracy.     Zhou Hanhua, a research fellow with the Law Institute under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said the draft amendment is inline with social change, and "from the legal perspective it shows that all rights are equal under the law."     Obviously, the change will be a significant political progress and it is in line with the constitutional spirit that "everyone in the nation is equal."     It also reflects the transition of the country's urban and rural society.     According to the law, the number of deputies to the NPC is limited within 3,000, and the distribution of NPC deputies is decided by the NPC Standing Committee, the top legislature.     The draft amendment says the quotas of NPC deputies are distributed to 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions on the basis of their population, which ensures equal representation among regions and ethnic groups.     Another big issue that lawmakers deliberate at the session this week is to grant "equal compensation" to the victims of traffic, mining and industrial accidents as well as medical negligence, among others, regardless of the victims' identity, status, income and regional disparity.     The proposal is specified in the draft on tort liability, which is deliberated by members of the NPC Standing Committee for the third time.     Farmer victims normally get much less compensation than their urban counterparts. And there are often disputes from "different prices paid to different lives."     At the session, lawmakers consider to set the same compensation for all victims of an accident that results in many deaths.     It will be a significant step if the draft law on tort liability is adopted by the legislature, as it ensures equal rights for each Chinese and shows respect for every human life.

BEIJING, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang here Tuesday urged medical workers to improve their professional ethics and skills to contribute to the country's medical reform.     "All medical staff should strengthen their professional ethics, pay attention to humane solicitude, improve professional techniques, strengthen service skills and strive to serve the people well," said Li during a ceremony awarding outstanding organizations, individuals and rural doctors in the medical field. Chinese Vice-Premier Li Keqiang (R) meets with representatives attending a national conference of the advanced staff members and groups in the health sector in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 5, 2010.Li, also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, said that for a long time all medical staff had pooled their wisdom, sweats, love and actions to the country's health services.     He asked people in the medical field to carry on the fine tradition of saving the dead and curing the injured, learn from the outstanding organizations, individuals and rural doctors, do their duty well and contribute their wisdom to the country's medical reform.     Li praised the prevention and control measures in the face of the A/H1N1 flu, saying the country's health service still has a long way to go as people are having new expectations for health improvement.

BEIJING, Nov. 5 (Xinhua) -- Senior Chinese official Li Changchun Thursday called for reform and innovation in promoting the development and prosperity of the country's animation industry.     Li, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, made the remark during his visit to the first China Animation and Cartoon Arts Exhibition held in Beijing.     Li said the animation and cartoon arts has played a very important role in enriching people's cultural lives and cultivating new economic growth area.     The country's animation industry is standing at a crucial point, Li said, urging practitioners in the industry to work hard and continue reform and innovation to push for the development and prosperity of the industry. Li Changchun (front), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, visits the 1st exhibition on animated and comic arts in Beijing, capital of China, Nov. 5, 2009The official encouraged practitioners of the industry to create more innovative animation and cartoon works with independent intellectual property right by taking inspiration from China's 5,000-year traditional culture.     The government at all levels should further improve their policies and build up a mechanism that help foster a group of enterprises with great competitiveness, Li stressed.     The cartoon companies should make full use of the new technologies to develop cartoon and animation games for mobile devices which have seen great market potential, he added.     With the flooding of western cartoon products in the Chinese market, China's domestic animation industry has posted deficit since the 1980s.     The Chinese government has made an annual investment of 200 million yuan into the cartoon industry since 2006 to boost original animation creation and development of domestic companies.     He also encouraged domestic enterprises to explore overseas animation market and participate in international competition so as to enhance the influence of the Chinese animation and cartoon industry.     The exhibition is being held from Oct. 26 to Nov. 18 at the China Arts Gallery with 312 pieces of animation and cartoon arts works.

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BEIJING, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan met here Friday with his Uzbekistan counterpart Elyar Ganiev, pledging to promote the healthy and sustainable development of economic and trade ties.     Wang conveyed congratulation on the success of the eighth session of the China-Uzbekistan Economic and Trade Cooperation Committee.     He said since the two countries forged diplomatic ties, high-level exchanges were frequent and the cooperation in such areas as economic and trade, energy and security were ever expanding. Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (R) meets with his Uzbekistani counterpart Elyar Ganiev in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 4, 2009    He called on governments of both sides to actively create conditions for exchanges and cooperation between entrepreneurs and people of various walks of life of the two countries and strengthen energy resource cooperation as well as cooperation outside the resource field.     Ganiev spoke positively of the development of Sino-Uzbek relations. He said Uzbekistan was willing to further enhance cooperation with China in various areas.

BEIJING, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislator Wu Bangguo met here Friday with Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev.     Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), said China and Kazakhstan are friendly neighbors and strategic partners. Wu Bangguo (R, front), chairman of China's National People's Congress Standing Committee, meets with Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev (L, front) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 4, 2009. Umirzak Shukeev is here in China to attend the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperative Commission.He said the Chinese side set a high value on firm support from Kazakhstan on issues of Taiwan, Tibet, and fighting "East Turkistan" forces.     China will continue as always to support Kazakhstan in safeguarding national sovereignty, security and promoting socio-economic development, he said. Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (R Front) shakes hands with Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev after they signed the summary of the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperation Committee in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 4, 2009Shukeev visits China to co-chair the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperative Commission with Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan. During the meeting, more than 20 Chinese, Kazakh officials, ranging from trade and energy to environment and transportation laid out plans for future cooperation.     Wu said the commission has played an active role in promoting bilateral cooperation. He hopes the consensus and agreements reached in the fifth meeting can be carried out as soon as possible to deepen cooperation between the two sides in various fields.     Shukeev said Kazakhstan attaches great importance to relations with China, and is willing to work with China to give full play to the role of the committee, in order to promote the strategic partnership between Kazakhstan and China.Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (R2 Front) and Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev (L2 Front) sign the summary of the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperation Committee in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 4, 2009.

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espect.     During his meeting with Anastase, Xi said China-Romania relations have maintained steady development since the two countries forged diplomatic ties 60 years ago.     China highly appreciates Romania's support on major issues relating to Taiwan, Tibet and Xinjiang which concerns China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, he said.     The recent years have witnessed frequent exchanges of high-level visits, growing political mutual trust, fruitful economic and trade cooperation, and various cultural and educational exchanges, he added. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R, front) meets with Romanian Chamber of Deputies Speaker Roberta Anastase in Bucharest, Romania, Oct. 19, 2009China highly values the bilateral friendly relations with Romania and expects to work with Romania to expand their pragmatic cooperation and push the bilateral ties to a new height, Xi said.     Anastase said that the past 60 years have seen frequent exchanges between the two countries' parliaments.     The Romanian parliament hopes to further strengthen exchanges with China's National People's Congress and is ready to help promote economic and trade cooperation between the two countries, she said.     Both Geoana and Anastase reaffirmed that the Romanian parliament would never change its stand on the one-China policy.     The Chinese vice president arrived here on Sunday on an official visit to Romania, which was the last leg of his five-nation European tour.  

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States on Tuesday called on Iran to "engage constructively" with the P5+1 and to "cooperate fully" with the IAEA to facilitate a satisfactory outcome.     The call was made in a joint statement issued here after talks between Chinese President Hu Jintao and visiting U.S. President Barack Obama.     The two sides reaffirmed their strong support for a comprehensive and long-term solution to the Iranian nuclear issue through negotiations.     "The two sides agreed that Iran has the right to peaceful uses of nuclear energy under the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and it should fulfill its due international obligations under that treaty," said the statement.     The two sides welcomed the talks in Geneva on Oct. 1 between the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the UN Security Council plus Germany) and Iran as "a promising start" towards addressing international concerns about Iran's nuclear program, and expressed their readiness to continue that engagement as soon as possible.     They emphasized in the joint statement that all efforts should be made to take confidence building steps and to call on Iran to respond positively to the proposal of the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).