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GENEVA, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- The World Economic Forum (WEF) is "very proud" that it has managed to maintain "very positive" ties with China, a senior WEF official has said.     "We all know that China is an important factor in the future evolution and development of worldwide economy. So we are all very interested in what China will be doing," said Andre Schneider, managing director and chief operating officer of the Geneva-based organization.     In a recent interview with Xinhua before next week's opening of the 2009 WEF annual meeting, also known as the Davos Forum, in the Swiss Alpine skiing resort Davos.     More than 40 heads of state or government, including Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, and some 1,400 business leaders, have confirmed their participation at the five-day meeting scheduled to deal with the ongoing financial crisis and other global challenges.     Premier Wen's participation will certainly be "a unique opportunity" for the world to better understand what are the plans of the Chinese leadership to deal with the crisis, Schneider said.     Schneider noted the first two WEF annual meetings of the new champions, dubbed "Summer Davos Forum," were both held in China, in Dalian in 2007 and Tianjin a year later.     The success of the "Summer Davos Forum," a gathering of new multinational companies from China and across the world to explore the mechanisms of continued and sustainable growth, indicated the strong collaboration between the two sides, he said.     The WEF's choice of China as the host of the "Summer Davos Forum" was "an absolutely right one," he said.     Schneider noted that cooperation between the WEF and China started in 1979, when China first sent a delegation to the Davos Forum.     China and its economic growth has been a topic of interest for participants at the Davos Forum in recent years.     In June 2006, the organization opened a representative office in Beijing, which aims to deal with all interactions with China. "It's a clear sign of our deepened collaboration," he said.

GUANGZHOU, Oct. 20 (Xinhua) -- Chinese exporters, faced with dwindling foreign orders amid global economic slowdown, are diverting their attention to domestic markets.     At the ongoing Canton Fair, China's leading trade fair, businesses that canvass foreign buyers are also focusing on the local market as their customers in the Western nations are dragged into recession by the global credit crisis.     Qiao Guan, board chairman of the Jiangsu Hotwind Sauna Equipment, said his company is planning to divert some of the business from abroad to the domestic market.     The company's sales in the United States, which accounted for about 30 percent of its total exports, had dropped by more than 20 percent this year, Qiao said.     He hoped the local sales could compensate the decreasing orders in the foreign market. "We have completed research on the domestic market, which shows some exported goods are affordable and have good sales prospects in the local market," he said.     The Himin Solar Energy Group, based in east China's Shandong Province, produces solar water heaters that are sold both at home and abroad. Xue Xinwen, head of the firm's international trade department, said the company had been losing orders as some Western countries canceled subsidies on environment-friendly imports.     "We have sent more staff to market our products to local infrastructure authorities and companies," he said.     "Domestic consumption has been greatly boosted by a robustly growing economy, creating positive situations for exporters to go local," he said.     But the readjustment can be difficult.     Li Jianlan, a worker with Wanji Plumbing Materials Co. Ltd, based in Ningbo, said an exclusive exporter like her company lacked channels and brand loyalty in the domestic market. "These are two different kinds of markets, and it takes a lot of work to be familiar with the ways business is done with local buyers," she said.     Some goods that are made for export are deemed too expensive for Chinese buyers.     Huang Yan, general manager of the L-bright Export Manufacture Corporation, said it had been very difficult to sell its products to domestic buyers as they lacked a price advantage.     Local governments, aware of the trend, are taking action to encourage the conversions. Guangdong Province, the country's major exporting base, issued a notice in June, ordering local quality inspection authorities to provide needed technical assistance to exporters.

BERN, Switzerland, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- China and Switzerland decided on Tuesday to begin a joint feasibility study on creating a bilateral free trade zone in the second half of this year in preparation for formally launching negotiations on the issue.     During talks in the Swiss capital, visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz exchanged views on the current international financial and economic situation and briefed each other on the policies and measures China and Switzerland have taken regarding the international financial crisis. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (L2) holds talks with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R3) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009The two leaders agreed that it is an urgent task for the two countries to work more closely together to tide over the difficulties against the backdrop of the financial crisis.     The feasibility study on a free trade zone is one of the measures the two nations agreed to take in order to jointly tackle the challenges brought about by the international financial crisis.     Other measures include deepening financial cooperation, expanding trade and investment, opposing trade protectionism, and promoting reform of the international financial system.     China and Switzerland will also boost joint work in technology, energy, environmental protection, as well as in the medical and cultural sectors.     The Chinese premier arrived here earlier in the day for an official visit to Switzerland and will also attend the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (R4) meets with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R5) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009.Wen said during the talks with Merz that the political mutual trust between China and Switzerland has been deepened and bilateral cooperation has been fruitful since the two nations set up diplomatic ties 59 years ago.     He said China values the traditional friendship with Switzerland and is ready to promote high-level exchanges and expand their cooperation that is based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.     Merz expressed Switzerland's admiration for China's achievements in its reform and opening up, saying he believed China has an even brighter prospect for further growth.     Switzerland hopes to strengthen the political dialogue and practical cooperation with China, he said.     After the talks, China and Switzerland signed an agreement on promoting and protecting investment.

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BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media selected the 10 most popular phrases from the past three decades to mark the official 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, which falls on this month.     When China began to reform and open-up 30 years ago, people began experiencing, seeing and doing new things. In fact things were so new, they needed to create new words to describe what was happening.     In order of popularity, starting with number one:     "Go in for business"     In the 1980s when China was starting to transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it had a two-track pricing system (official and market prices) for industrial raw materials, including steel, non-ferrous metals, timber and coal.     Seeing business opportunities within the pricing system, many people, especially government employees and those from state-run factories or institutes, quit their jobs to open their own businesses.     "Going for business" was often used to refer to the phenomena of people breaking away from the constraints of a planned system to embrace the market economy. 　　"Be laid off and get re-employed"     To adapt to the market economy and improve competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the 1990s, China began restructuring.     "Encouraging mergers, standardizing bankruptcy, laying off and reassigning redundant workers, streamlining for higher efficiency" was a guideline in the SOEs reforms.     No official statistics show how many workers were laid off during that period, but experts estimate the number could be tens of millions.     To avoid social unrest and help most of those workers find new jobs, the Chinese central government offered occupational trainings, small loans and preferential tax policies.     "Migrant worker"     China's reform and opening-up drive started in rural areas in 1978 with collectively-owned farmland contracted to individual families. This freed about 100 million peasants from farm work.     However, most of these people were tied to the countryside by a residence-based rationing system for virtually everything, including food. About 63 million of these former farmers were given jobs in village-run enterprises that mushroomed in those days.     A policy change in 1984 allowed them to find jobs in cities but the massive migration of rural laborers didn't start until after China decided to move to a market economy in 1992.     The rapid inflow of investors created many construction, factory and mining jobs, most of which urban dwellers consider too tiring or dirty.     The number of migrants grew from 60 million in 1992 to 120 million in 2003 and 210 million this year, according to central government figures.     The work of the migrant population has generated 21 percent of China's gross domestic product in the past 30 years, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has found. But migrant workers face various problems, including delayed pay schedules, no or low work-place injury compensation, lack of health care and little schooling for their children.     "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice."     This sentence was used by late leader Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, on different occasions to clear up doubts as to whether the economic reform was capitalist or socialist.     The sentence helped stop ideological arguments at the early stage of reform and encouraged generations of Chinese to pursue their dreams in the market economy. 　　"Surfing the Internet"     The Internet was introduced in China more than 10 years ago. It quickly gained popularity and impacted society.     While online music, instant communication services, video streaming and online games greatly entertained millions of Chinese, the Internet also became a powerful news medium where information was disclosed, shared and publicized quickly.     Through June, China had 221 million netizens, according to the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). The netizen population, which had already surpassed that of the United States to become the world's largest, would increase to 263 million by the end of this year, DCCI forecasted.     E-commerce transactions amounted to 2 trillion yuan (about 300 billion U.S. dollars) in 2007 and 25 percent of netizens had bought something online after "surfing the Internet" as of June this year. 　　"Reform and opening-up"     In 1978, a group of villagers from Xiaogang village in eastern Anhui Province decided to adopt a household contract responsibility system, which entrusted the management and production of public owned farmland to individual households through long-term contracts.     Later the system, described by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping as "a great invention of Chinese farmers", was widely adopted across the country and triggered economic reform.     Over the past 30 years, the country witnessed significant changes in comprehensive national strength, people's living standards and international influence thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.     China's share of the world's combined gross output rose to 6 percent at the end of 2007, compared with just 1.8 percent in 1978when its reform and opening-up began, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     Fast economic growth over the past 30 years lifted China's GDP ranking in the world from 10th in 1978 to fourth after the United States, Japan and Germany     According to the NBS, China's per capita income jumped to 2,360U.S. dollars in 2007 from 190 U.S. dollars in 1978.     "Beijing Olympic Games"     Many believe that without opening-up, it would be impossible for China to host the 2008 Beijing Olympics.     The Games, commended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge as "truly exceptional", were seen by the world as China's come-of-age show on the international stage.     China grabbed a total of 100 medals at the Beijing Games -- a coincidence as the country dreamt for 100 years to be the Olympic host -- and overtook the United States to top the gold medal count with 51.     As the most watched Games in history, with an estimated 4.5 billion TV and Internet viewers, the Beijing Olympics attracted the most participants, who were from a record 204 countries and regions.     "Speculate in stocks"     In 1990, China opened its first stock exchange in Shanghai, the country's industrial and financial center. In 1991, it set up its second bourse in Shenzhen, the country's first special economic zone.     China witnessed waves of stock crazes over the years and fluctuations in the stock market touch the nerves of millions of Chinese.     In 2007, the country saw a bull stock market, with the key benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soaring from 2,728 points in January to 5,261 points, or 92.85 percent, on December 28.     In fact, the market has been on a bullish run for 29 months from June 6, 2005 to November 2007, longer than the general bullish market cycle of 17 to 24 months.     But it has dipped since last November.     "Chinese characteristics"     The phrase became well-known as an answer by late leader Deng to the question of how China could improve its productivity and people's lives with its less-developed economy.     Deng's answer was "to build socialism with Chinese characteristics". It means China has its own way of development rather than copying other countries' experiences.     The phrase is frequently quoted by the Chinese and used in China's official documents.     "Rise abruptly"     The phrase, or "Xiong Qi" in Chinese meaning "Go! Go!", is a dialect of southwest China's Sichuan Province. It was originally used by football fans to inspire teams in the 1990s.     The phrase soon became popular among the Chinese public and was used widely outside the sports field to encourage people to keep up their spirits.     After the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan, Chinese used the phrase to show their care and support to the quake-affected areas and people.     The 10 phrases were selected by 15 Chinese media, including the Beijing Evening News, the Shanghai Evening Post, the Tianjin-based Jin Wan Bao, the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News and the Shanxi Evening News.     Newspapers, which are based in 15 provinces and municipalities, started soliciting catch phrases from the public in October, according to the Beijing Evening News.     The list, voted on by readers and netizens, was publicized in Shanghai on Saturday.

BEIJING, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese exporters face an increased risk of not being paid for their goods as foreign banks run out of cash and some overseas importers evade paying debts, China's Ministry of Commerce (MOC) warned Monday.     "The cases of malicious debt evasion and breach of contracts by importers in certain countries or regions are on the rise," said the ministry in a notice. It attributed the phenomenon to the impact of the deepening global financial crisis.     The MOC urged local governments, guilds and overseas Chinese businesses to more closely monitor the credit of foreign importers.     Priority should be placed on tracking the credit ratings of foreign lenders, it said.     The ministry also called on local governments to support the development of export credit insurance and encourage exporters to carry such insurance by reducing premiums.     From January to November last year, China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation (SINOSURE) provided 56.5 billion U.S. dollars of guarantee for exporters against credit risks such as payment default. That is 63.6 percent higher than the same period a year earlier. The reason for the increase is that more exporters sought insurance, company figures show.     SINOSURE is China's only policy insurance company undertaking export credit insurance.     In that period, SINOSURE paid 210 million U.S. dollars of indemnities, up 174.5 percent from the same period of 2007.     In December, the insurer reduced credit ratings for a record 48countries, including the United States. A total of 191 countries were reappraised in December.

BEIJING, Dec. 18 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council Thursday approved a plan to deepen reform and opening up in the southern Pearl River Delta area, where the country's reform and opening up drive was initiated 30 years ago.     The plan was unveiled on the day when the nation was commemorating the 30th anniversary of the 3rd plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which decided to open up the country and reform its struggling economy.     The pioneer area of the country's reform and opening up scheme was urged to accelerate economic restructuring and take the lead in building a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, according to the plan approved by an executive meeting of the State Council, or the Cabinet.     The plan also pressed the area to promote technologies so as to excel in innovation, and coordinated development in both urban and rural areas was also stressed.     The meeting, presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao, said the area was also to take the lead in deepening reforms and opening up, so that an improved socialist market economy system could be established and a more open economic system could be set up as the region enhances its cooperation with neighbors Hong Kong and Macau.     The meeting said the Pearl River Delta is still maintaining stable and relatively fast development at present, but it also admitted that the area received powerful shocks from the current financial crisis, as there are many smaller and export-oriented enterprises in the region.     To keep the pace of development would be the top priority of the region at the present stage, the meeting said.

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BEIJING, Dec. 30 (Xinhua) -- Accountability became a vogue word in Chinese politics in 2008, highlighted by the resignation of the chief quality supervisor.     Li Changjiang, former director of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, stepped down in September in the tainted milk scandal, days after the resignation of Shanxi Governor Meng Xuenong following a deadly landslide triggered by the collapse of an illegal mining dump.     Many junior officials also swallowed the bitter pills of penalties and resignations. In early December, the director of the construction bureau of Shijiazhuang, capital of Hebei Province, was removed from his post after six bureau officials were found gambling during work time.     Officials were even punished for dozing in meetings, such as 12local officials in Shaanxi Province, who were reprimanded in June.     "The accountability system has been taken to a new high, which reflects the method of administration as stipulated in the keynote report of the 17th Party congress," said Wu Zhongmin of the Party School of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee.     "The party underlines the idea of people first, so it is not unusual that officials are punished after public interests are infringed," Wu said.     Chinese media have used the word "storm" to describe the wave of cases in which officials were punished over accountability -- often indirect -- in accidents and scandals this year. Such events were rare in the past decade.     In southwestern Yunnan Province, 864 officials have been punished so far this year, while at least 279 in the northeastern Jilin Province have been punished since last November.     "A storm is powerful, and the accountability storm shows the country's determination to run the party and government properly," said Han Yu, professor in the Party School of the CPC Hebei Provincial Committee.     The storm also shows the power of public opinion, Han added. "There should be someone held responsible for serious infringement of public interests."     China activated the official accountability system during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) crisis in 2003. More than1,000 officials, including then Health Minister Zhang Wenkang and Beijing Mayor Meng Xuenong, were ousted for attempts to cover up the epidemic or incompetence in SARS prevention and control.     The system was later introduced at all levels of government, and more officials lost their jobs over major accidents or administrative errors.     Just days before Li's resignation, President Hu Jintao, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, reprimanded "some officials" over work and food safety accidents this year.     These accidents indicated that some cadres lacked a sense of responsibility and had loose governance, and some paid no attention to people's complaints and were even insensitive to life-threatening problems, Hu said.     As early as in May, a father complained about tainted milk powder after his 13-year-old daughter developed kidney stones, and the Department of Health of Gansu Province in July received a report implying problematic milk powder produced by the Sanlu Group headquartered in Shijiazhuang city.     However, the scandal was covered up until September. The Ministry of Health has said it was likely the contamination killed six babies. Another 294,000 infants suffered from urinary problems such as kidney stones.     Premier Wen Jiabao said development of enterprises and the economy should not be achieved at the cost of lives and public health, and he vowed to punish officials for major incidents.     Conditions could be tougher for officials in the future, as the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection said in late December that authorities are drafting rules to intensify the accountability system.

LIMA, Nov. 20 (Xinhua) -- Foreign and trade ministers from the 21 member economies of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum on Thursday called for joint efforts to overcome the ongoing global financial crisis and revive the Doha Round trade negotiations.     "APEC economies are committed to implementing all necessary measures to bolster the real economy and boost investment and consumption levels in the region," said a joint statement released by the ministers after a two-day Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Ministerial Meeting in the Peruvian capital.     "Ensuring a rapid, coordinated and effective response to the current global financial crisis is the highest priority for APEC economies and will be the focus of attention" when APEC leaders meet on the weekend, said the statement.     The APEC ministers met in Peru during the "most difficult set of economic conditions" since APEC was created in 1989, it said.     Peruvian Foreign Minister Jose Garcia Belunde, who chaired the meeting, said the ministers have reaffirmed their opposition to trade and investment barriers.     The ministers have agreed to continue to "strengthen consumption level in the region and expand trade activities," he said.     "We've decided to continue supporting the multilateral trade system, including the World Trade Organization, and to support a conclusion to the Doha trade round," he said.     Australian Trade Minister Simon Crean said the APEC ministers not only have reached an consensus to push forward the Doha talks but also agreed on the direction to conclude it.     Crean called on the APEC leaders to make commitment based on the action plan adopted by the G-20 countries in Washington earlier this month, noting that nine of the APEC members participated in the Washington meeting.     "Commitement at various levels" are required to deal with the financial crisis, he said.     U.S. Trade Minister Susan Schwab said world leaders should learn from the Great Depression in the 1930s and prevent a "prolonged and deepening" crisis from taking place.     Schwab noted that the G-20 nations had made it clear that trade barriers and protectionism will not be an option during the crisis and it is vital to conclude the Doha talks as soon as possible.     The world economies should "use trade in a positive way" to avert the crisis, she said.     "We will do everything we can" to push forward the Doha talks, she added.     Singapore Trade and Industry Minister Lim Hng Kiang said APEC has yet to confront many challenges and the financial crisis is likely to top APEC's agenda next year when Singpore takes over as the chair.     The 20th APEC Ministerial Meeting started on Wednesday to make final preparations for the APEC Leaders' Meeting this weekend.  

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BEIJING, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- Chinese emergency chartered flights are expected to fly back home almost all the more than 3,000 mainland tourists stuck in riot-hit Thailand by Dec. 1. Four Chinese mainland carriers have sent nine planes to retrieve the tourists after Bangkok's international airport closed because of a protest.     Some 2,000 tourists had returned back home by noon, and another more than 800 would fly back late Sunday night or early Monday morning, according to the airlines. A China Eastern Airbus-300 arrives at the Utapao Airport near Pattaya, about 150 km east of Bangkok, capital of Thailand, Nov. 29, 2008. Chinese aviation authorities were sending 5 planes on Saturday to Thailand to bring home the remaining stranded Chinese tourists after the closure of the Suvarnabhumi International Airport in Bangkok    China Southern Airlines, the nation's largest carrier by fleet size, said late Sunday night it will sent another plane to take back the remaining tourists on Monday.     Around 246 passengers landed in Shanghai at 2:00 a.m. on Sunday. This was the first return flight from Thailand, though delayed for several hours because of unstable situation at the airport.

BEIJING, Jan. 29 (Xinhua) -- China has set a frugal tone for its once-for-a-decade dress parade on Oct. 1 amid an economic downturn, promising that the military could strike a balance between morale-boosting spectacle and financial prudence.     Colonel Cai Huailie with the headquarters of the general staff of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) confirmed a rumor that the parade showcasing China's latest military achievement will be conducted in an economical way.     "Chinese military forces have a tradition of fulfilling large causes by spending less money," Senior Colonel Chen Zhou, an expert with the PLA's Military Science Academy, said in an online communication with netizens on eve of China's Spring Festival.     "We could see that the parade on National Day would be solemn and cost-effective," said Chen who has participated in drafting China's national defense white paper six times.     A number of netizens also questioned whether China would shrink its defense spending since the financial crisis has already cut the budgets of numerous enterprises and directly impacts the country's export-oriented companies.     Colonel Wen Bing, a researcher with the academy, said although China has raised it defense spending thanks to annual growing revenue, it has never gone beyond endurable economy.     Wen also revealed that the defense budget has been made according to China's laws and it will be submitted for approval to the annual session of National People's Congress, the top legislature, in March.     The third of its kind since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy three decades ago, the dress parade of the Chinese armed forces under the command of President and Chairman of the Central Military Commission Hu Jintao will display home-grown on-duty weapon systems of all the services.     In the last two parades, in 1984 and 1999, late leader Deng Xiaoping and former President Jiang Zemin reviewed troops representing millions of service people.     Such parades were frequent before 1984, with 11 parades in the 11 years after the PRC was founded on Oct. 1, 1949. It was suspended after 1959 until 1984 when Deng decided to resume the pageantry to rouse the nation on the track toward a liberalized economy.     The last parade on Oct. 1, 1999 involved more than 11,000 military staff, 400 combat vehicles and 132 aircraft. The servicemen trained for the synchronized marches and hailing slogans for about 10 months.     It is reported that the total cost of that parade will be kept at less than 300 million yuan (44.1 million U.S. dollars) and overseas rumors said it could be as many as 16 billion yuan.     The PLA's Navy has made impressive progress since its foundation in 1949. It has just sent three warships to the Gulf of Aden for an escort mission against piracy.     Although the Defense Ministry has not confirmed whether the dress parade will include a naval performance in China's waters, Colonel Cai said that there will be new weapons and equipment that have not been unveiled to the public since 1999.     Before the official announcement of the parade, an online debate on www.huanqiu.com about whether the government should hold a magnificent parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of founding of the People's Republic of China had shown that more than 85 percent of the netizens voted yes. But it has not yet muted voices suggesting the authorities reconsider the parade.     "China has many fields that need capital investment after the major earthquake in Wenchuan. The government should use the taxpayers' money in more important and practical undertakings rather than parade," a netizen named "tomato boy" said.     "Military parades are an outcome of the cold war. Our weapons are modern and powerful, but we are not in any cold war," a netizen "a common man" said.     But those who overwhelmingly support the parade agree that the parade will bring encouragement to overcome difficulties amid economic downturn.     Dong Hongda, a senior online poster on www.xinhua.org, has worked out proposals on how to make the parade more cost-effective.     First, the government should control the parade in a proper scale by cutting the number of marching soldiers to a number that represents the quality of the PLA's elite.     Second, take out the female militia procession, since they are garish and dispensable part for the parade.     Third, reduce the duration of the training for the parade, since a large proportion of the parade expense will be spent in selecting the soldiers and training them, Dong said.