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BEIJING, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- The People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, disproved Saturday the allegations by a U.S. Treasury official that China is manipulating the exchange rates of its currency, saying the statement is untrue and misleading.     Su Ning, vice governor of the central bank, said that the allegation could sidetrack the effort to track the real cause of the financial crisis.     "President Obama -- backed by the conclusions of a broad range of economists -- believes that China is manipulating its currency," the U.S. Treasury Secretary-designate Timothy Geithner wrote to the Senate Finance Committee in documents released on Thursday.     "Also, we should avoid any excuse that might lead to the revitalization of trade protectionism. Because it will do no good to the fight against the crisis, nor will it help the healthy and stable development of the global economy," Su said.     Yi Xianrong, a researcher with the financial research center of the CASS, told Xinhua on Friday if the U.S. labeled China as a "currency manipulator," it would hurt the concerted action of fighting the global financial crisis.     It would also hamper the global efforts to shake off an economic slowdown as the Sino-U.S. economic tie had become one of the world's most important bilateral economic ties, Yi said.     According to China customs statistics, Sino-U.S. trade hit 333.74 billion U.S. dollars last year, up 10.5 percent year on year.     With a 9-percent rate, China contributed more than 20 percent of global economic growth in 2008, while the U.S. remained the world's largest economy, Yi said.     Geithner's comment was just aiming to try out the Chinese government's response, said Zuo Xiaolei, senior analyst with the Beijing-based Galaxy Securities.     Yuan appreciation and the pace of appreciation should not only be decided by trade surplus but also the status of domestic economic development, Zuo said.     "The price advantage of Chinese exports may not be a result of currency issues, but the country's lower costs of labor, resources and land," she said.     In July 2005, China abandoned a decade-old peg to the U.S. dollar and allowed its currency to appreciate by 2.1 percent. Since then, the yuan has strengthened further, rising more than 20 percent against the U.S. dollar.

BEIJING, Dec. 1 -- Amid the coupling effects of shrinking global demand and rising operating costs, it has been a dramatic upheaval this year for domestic small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) after China started its reforms 30 years ago.    Even as the scene appears a bit scary, there is still a ray of hope if only entrepreneurs note the writing on the wall and go all out to cut costs before they raise the clamor for a bailout.Two women make beds on a production line of the small private firm Nangang Shoemaking Factory in Foshan, Guangdong province.In the first half of 2008, much before the world saw the capital markets going topsy turvy amid the global economic slowdown, over 67,000 SMEs in China went bankrupt, while more than 10,000 labor-intensive textile enterprises downed shutters, according to figures from the Department of SMEs under the National Development and Reform Commission.    In October, 714 companies were closed in Dongguan in Guangdong province, home to over 60,100 private companies and a major manufacturing center in China.     "We will see more companies closing in the coming months, with the figure likely to cross 1,000 after Christmas," says Dongguan Deputy Mayor Jiang Ling.     Most of the international buyers of Chinese products failed to get letters of credit in October leading to significant cancellations of Christmas orders, says Frank FX. Gong, chief China economist at JPMorgan Securities (Asia Pacific) Limited in a recent report. "Indeed, 'things suddenly ceased' was the common comment we heard on the ground lately," he says.     But for some like Luo Chun, sales director of tin box maker Dongguan Tinpak Co, the freeze on Christmas orders has not yet meant closing. Luo says overseas order fell by 10 percent from June to October, normally the peak time for Christmas orders.

BERN, Switzerland, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- China and Switzerland decided on Tuesday to begin a joint feasibility study on creating a bilateral free trade zone in the second half of this year in preparation for formally launching negotiations on the issue.     During talks in the Swiss capital, visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz exchanged views on the current international financial and economic situation and briefed each other on the policies and measures China and Switzerland have taken regarding the international financial crisis. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (L2) holds talks with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R3) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009The two leaders agreed that it is an urgent task for the two countries to work more closely together to tide over the difficulties against the backdrop of the financial crisis.     The feasibility study on a free trade zone is one of the measures the two nations agreed to take in order to jointly tackle the challenges brought about by the international financial crisis.     Other measures include deepening financial cooperation, expanding trade and investment, opposing trade protectionism, and promoting reform of the international financial system.     China and Switzerland will also boost joint work in technology, energy, environmental protection, as well as in the medical and cultural sectors.     The Chinese premier arrived here earlier in the day for an official visit to Switzerland and will also attend the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (R4) meets with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R5) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009.Wen said during the talks with Merz that the political mutual trust between China and Switzerland has been deepened and bilateral cooperation has been fruitful since the two nations set up diplomatic ties 59 years ago.     He said China values the traditional friendship with Switzerland and is ready to promote high-level exchanges and expand their cooperation that is based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.     Merz expressed Switzerland's admiration for China's achievements in its reform and opening up, saying he believed China has an even brighter prospect for further growth.     Switzerland hopes to strengthen the political dialogue and practical cooperation with China, he said.     After the talks, China and Switzerland signed an agreement on promoting and protecting investment.

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BEIJING, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping on Saturday called on officials and party members to well study two new guidelines while learning and implementing the Scientific Outlook on Development.     Xi told a video conference here that President Hu Jintao's speech at the event to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the 3rdplenary session of the 11th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee on Thursday was an important guideline for Chinese people to bring the socialism with Chinese characteristics to a new stage.     Through this speech, all CPC members will fully understand the achievements in the past three decades and the bright future of the country, he said.     All the party members should realize their responsibility, fear no risk and remain resolved against any disturbance, he said.     Xi urged officials and party members to fully understand and implement the guidelines set at the annual Central Economic Work Conference.     In September, the CPC launched a one and a half year campaign to study and apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, which was adopted by the party at the 17th CPC National Congress in October 2007.     Now the campaign has entered a stage that officials should find out major problems that holds back the Scientific Development, Xi said.     Everyone should work hard to identify the exact problems and the cause of the problems in a bid to work out effective solutions, he said.

ALGIERS, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- Visiting top Chinese legislator Wu Bangguo held talks Wednesday with Abdelaziz Ziari, speaker of the Algerian National Assembly, on issues of common concern and they agreed to boost bilateral relations and cement cooperation between the two parliaments.     China and Algeria always handle the bilateral relations from a strategic perspective, said Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), highlighting that the relations have endured the test of time since the two countries established diplomatic relations 50 years ago.     Wu expressed his appreciation of Algeria's adherence to the one-China policy, noting that China respects the choice Algerian people have made on path to develop their own nation.     China feels satisfied with the current bilateral cooperation especially with the two-way collaboration at multilateral occasions on issues of UN reform, human rights and anti-terrorism, he said.     Wu offered a four-point proposal to promote China-Algeria relations: firstly, maintain high-level exchange and increase political mutual trust; secondly, expand the substantial cooperation especially in infrastructure, agriculture and energy for mutual benefit; thirdly, intensify the exchange on humanitarian issues to carry out the traditional friendship; and lastly, strengthen coordination with an aim to safeguard the common interests.     Ziari, for his part, called Wu's visit to Algeria "a big event "for the bilateral relations and "a symbol" marking a higher level of the inter-parliamentary cooperation.     The speaker agreed with Wu's views on the bilateral relations and recalled the fact that China was the first non-Arab country who recognized Algeria's independence and forged the diplomatic relations with it, while expressing his gratitude to China's assistance to Algeria's national development. Wu Bangguo(2nd L, front), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, and Abdelaziz Ziari (2nd R, front), Speaker of the Algerian National Assembly, sign on a memorandum on the exchange and cooperation between the top legislatures of China and Algeria in Algiers, Algeria, on Nov. 4, 2008.Algeria and China shared a solid foundation to foster ties and Algeria would unswervingly support China's constructive role on world affairs and make joint efforts with China to transfer the political will of developing ties into real actions so as to enrich the bilateral cooperation and enhance the strategic and cooperative ties, Ziari said.     On the inter-parliament cooperation, Wu said one of his main purposes of the visit is to further promote the friendly relations between the two parliaments and push forward the cooperation among the various special inter-parliamentary committees and friendly groups.     Ziari highlighted the commitment of the Algerian National Assembly to promoting the friendly relations with the NPC, calling on the two sides to boost cooperation so as to inject new vitality into the bilateral cooperation.     The two parliament leaders also signed a memorandum on the inter-parliamentary cooperation after the talks.     Wu, who is on the first leg of his five-nation Africa tour, also met with Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika in the day. Wu spoke highly of the bilateral relations, saying the ties between the two nations are "in their best time."     Wu said the good political relations should work effectively to promote the development of the trade cooperation, pledging that China would make concerted efforts with Algeria to step up cooperation with mutual benefit and give a fully play to the two business communities especially on some big projects which could help push forward the overall development. Wu Bangguo (L, front), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, meets with Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika in Algiers, Algeria, on Nov. 4, 2008.The Chinese government would encourage Chinese enterprises with good reputation to start their business and invest in Algeria, and it also welcomes Algerian companies to further their investment, Wu told Bouteflika.     Echoing Wu's views, Bouteflika said China is a sincere friend of Algeria, noting that the North African country expects to work closely with China and hopes to see more Chinese enterprises to invest in Algeria.     Algeria and China should work together on such fields as energy and resource, infrastructure and telecommunication, the president added.     The two leaders also called on the concerned parties of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum to strengthen their cooperation to further carry out the agreements inked at the Beijing Summit and focus on the next-phase cooperation at an early date.

Li Changchun (2nd L, front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, visits Rong Bao Zhai Studio at Liulichang in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 16, 2008. Li Changchun paid a visit to Chinese Publishing Group (CPG) on Tuesday.     BEIJING, Dec. 16 (Xinhua) -- Senior Party Leader Li Changchun encouraged domestic publishers to actively explore international market when inspecting a large state-owned publishing house here Tuesday.     "China will need more publishers with multinational business and international influence," said Li, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, in his visit to the China Publishing Group (CPG).     The company now owns 29 publishing houses including the renowned Commercial Press, SDX Joint Publishing Company and Rong Bao Zhai, the 300-year-old gallery of antique art works. Li Changchun (2nd L, front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, visits the Commercial Press in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 16, 2008. Li Changchun paid a visit to Chinese Publishing Group (CPG) on Tuesday.     It also operates 44 magazines and three daily newspapers as well as holding a stake in more than 80 companies.     The CPG should take its own advantages and seize the opportunities to reform itself to be a modern publishing house. It should expand new businesses while consolidating traditional ones, Li said.     Domestic publishers should step forward into the international market, improve their international competitiveness and work with foreign counterparts, Li said.     He also asked them to produce more publications that benefited the society and meet ordinary readers' interests.

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BEIJING, Dec. 31 (Xinhua) -- President Hu Jintao offered six proposals to promote the peaceful development of the cross-Straits relationship in a speech to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the mainland's "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan" here on Wednesday.     Hu said the mainland is willing to discuss with Taiwan proper and reasonable arrangements for Taiwan's participation in international organizations, as long as this does not create a scenario of "two Chinas" or "one China, one Taiwan".     Although the two sides of the Taiwan Straits have been split since 1949 by a civil war, the political confrontation between them did not change the fact that they belonged to one China, he said.     "Once the two sides reach a common understanding and accordant stance on the principle of one China, the foundation of political mutual trust will be laid and anything can be talked about between the two sides," he said. "Anything that is conducive to peaceful development across the Straits, we will greatly promote. Anything that harms it, we will firmly oppose."     Hu proposed that the two sides end hostility and reach peaceful agreements under the one China principle.     The two sides can start discussion about political relations under the special condition before reunification in a pragmatic manner, he said.     He also suggested the two sides to step up contacts and exchanges on military issues "at an appropriate time" and talk about a military security mechanism of mutual trust, in a bid to stabilize cross-Straits relations and ease concerns about military security. Chinese President Hu Jintao addresses a ceremony commemorating the 30th anniversary of the announcement of Message to Compatriots in Taiwan, held in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 31, 2008. The Chinese mainland commemorated the 30th anniversary of the announcement of Message to Compatriots in Taiwan here Wednesday with a ceremony.     The President's speech on the new year's eve came after the mainland and Taiwan realized historical direct links of transport, trade and post services.     Hu, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, sent a message in his speech which urged the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) to "clearly understand the situation and stop secessionist activities".     "If the DPP could change its 'Taiwan independence' stance, we would make a positive response to them," he said.     He said that all those who had advocated or got involved in secessionist activities, or followed suit are welcome to return to the right direction of promoting peaceful development of cross-Straits ties.     To accompany his political stance, Hu made trade appeals to the island, proposing both sides should establish a collaboration mechanism by economic agreement which "would be mutually beneficial to both sides".     "We continue to welcome and support Taiwan companies' business in the mainland and encourage mainland enterprises to invest in Taiwan," he said. "We expect to normalize economic relations across the Straits and establish an economic cooperation mechanism."     The president also stressed the common cultural heritage inherited by the people living on both the mainland and the island, saying that all Chinese should promote China's traditional civilization with strengthened spiritual ties.     "We will continue to take measures to push forward cross-Straits cultural and educational exchange to a broader and higher stage, including conferring with Taiwan on a cultural and educational exchange protocol," Hu said.     He called on both the mainland and Taiwan to increase communication and exchange in all circles and the mainland will actively respond to any constructive proposals from the island which will boost peaceful development of the cross-Straits relations.     Hu was addressing a ceremony to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the mainland's major policy change on Taiwan.     Presided over by China's top legislator Wu Bangguo, the ceremony had drawn several other prominent delegates from the government, students and Taiwan compatriots living in the mainland to give speeches.     The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC),China's top legislature, issued the "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan" on Jan. 1, 1979.     In this statement, the mainland first proposed to end the military confrontation across the Taiwan Straits through dialogues and welcomed exchanges between the two sides. Chinese President Hu Jintao (Front) addresses a ceremony commemorating the 30th anniversary of the announcement of Message to Compatriots in Taiwan, held in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 31, 2008. The Chinese mainland commemorated the 30th anniversary of the announcement of Message to Compatriots in Taiwan here Wednesday with a ceremony.

BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States had signed a memorandum of understanding restricting the U.S. import of archeological items originating in China, a Chinese official said Saturday.     The memorandum was signed in Washington on Thursday by Chinese Ambassador Zhou Wenzhong and U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Education and Cultural Affairs Goli Ameri, said Dong Baohua, deputy director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH), at a press conference.     The agreement's full name is Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Imposition of Import Restrictions on Categories of Archeological Material from the Paleolithic Period through the Tang Dynasty and Monumental Sculpture and Wall Art At Least 250 Years Old.     Under the memorandum and U.S. legislation entitled the Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act, the U.S. government shall restrict the importation into the United States of archeological material originating in China and representing China's cultural heritage from the Paleolithic Period through the end of the Tang Dynasty, the year 907, and monumental sculpture and wall art at least 250 years old.     The U.S. government will promulgate a list of archeological material categories of metals, ceramic, stone, textile, other organic material, glass and paintings, which will be restricted to import from China, unless the Chinese government issues a license or other documentation which certifies that such exportation is not in violation of its laws, the memorandum says.     For the purpose of this memorandum, the restricted Paleolithic objects date from approximately 75,000 B.C., according to the memorandum.     China and the United States are both States Party of the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property. The convention was adopted by the UNESCO in 1970.     For years, the Chinese government has attached importance to cracking down on the stealing, illegal digging, and smuggling of cultural relics and tried to cooperate with the international community in the crackdown, by participating in internationals conventions and signing bilateral and multilateral agreements on the issue.     In addition to the newly-signed Sino-U.S. memorandum, China has signed similar agreements with Peru, India, Italy, the Philippines, Greece, Chile, Cyprus, and Venezuela, according to the official.

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BEIJING, Jan. 3 (Xinhua) -- For many Chinese who want to nab railway tickets home for the annual Spring Festival migration, the government's promise of having a better system by 2012 is just a distant hope.     Starting Friday, the first day to book tickets for the travel rush expected to last from Jan. 11 to Feb. 28, long queues appeared at ticket booths in almost every major railway hub.     In Wuhan, college students were first hit by the rush, as many schools' winter break starts from Jan. 10 to 17.     As more than 70 percent of the 1 million resident students there were expected to go home by train, local railway authorities have set up ticket agents on campus, opened more ticket booths for students at stations and offered special trains for students.     But many still found it difficult to get tickets, especially to Urumqi, Qingdao, Jinan, Harbin, Zhanjiang and Nanning. At the Wuchang Railway Station alone, more than 60,000 tickets were sold on Friday.     In Shanghai, police and security officers were put 24-hour on guard to maintain order and prevent accidents. They gave each passenger a number and assigned them to different waiting lines.     At the Beijing West Railway Station, 15 temporary ticket booths have been opened. To keep the lines at no more than 20 people as required by the Railway Ministry, Beijing railway authority set up410 ticket booths at the main Beijing Railway Station and the Beijing West Railway Station. Tickets will be sold around the clock.     Deputy General Manager of the Guangzhou Railway Group Cao Jianguo asked passengers to "be patient" and "try again" with the booking telephone hot line 96020088 in Guangdong.     Nine stations in the southern province have been networked this year with the telephone hotline, which means passengers can pick up or cancel reserved tickets much more easily by showing identification.     At Guangzhou railway stations, the Guangzhou Command College of Armed Police was mobilized at seven ticket booths. They were on duty during last year's Spring Festival rush, which was aggravated by unusual snowstorms.     The Railway Ministry expects 188 million people to travel during the coming travel rush, up 8 percent from last year, with daily traffic expected to hit 4.7 million people.     Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai and Hangzhou are the "most bustling hubs" before the Spring Festival, which falls on Jan. 26,so railway authorities have added 319 temporary express passengers trains this year.     Despite these efforts, many passengers still feared that they might not be able to get tickets to get home in time.     Qiao Kejiao, a Beijing hospital clerk, said she might resort to being duty on Lunar New Year Eve and traveling on the second day, when traffic would be lighter.     In a work meeting that closed on Thursday, Railway Minister LiuZhijun attributed the annual travel ordeal to inadequate rail networks. The work meeting decided that speeding up railway construction and securing railway transportation were the ministry's priority tasks in 2009.     Liu foresaw a "historic change" in 2012 when intensive investment would extend total track mileage to 110,000 km, including 13,000 km of passenger lines on which trains could run between 200 to 350 km per hour.     The scenario does not offer any immediate comfort. Associate senior editor of the Study Times, Deng Yuwen, said the real solution was not in hardware improvement such as more tracks but in management and service.     In a column in the Shanghai-based Oriental Morning Post on Saturday, he said that the per capita railway mileage in China was only 6 cm, shorter than a cigarette.     "Even after the mileage is extended from the current 78,000 km to 110,000 km, per capita rail lines in China will only be 8.5 cm. Can we really say good-bye to ticket shortages by then?"     The real culprit, he wrote, was insufficient capacity. To improve the capacity, foreign and private capital should be introduced to break the government monopoly in railway investment, he said.     The ticket distribution system should also be streamlined to avoid the "gray zone" where so-called "contract units" such as tourism agencies and outlets take advantage of contacts to hoard tickets that are then re-sold for illegal profits.     Ticket purchases under real names, a proposal that has been repeatedly rejected by the railway authorities, could help improve management and services, he said.

BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) -- Diplomats of China and the United States on Friday met in Beijing to discuss issues concerning central and south Asia.     China's Vice Foreign Minister Li Hui and Assistant Foreign Minister Hu Zhengyue respectively held consultations with U.S. Assistant Secretary for South Asian Affairs Richard Boucher, according to a statement released by the Chinese Foreign Ministry.     The consultations went on under the framework of China-U.S. Strategic Dialogue, which was initiated in 2005.     Both sides introduced their views and policy objectives on central and south Asia and pledged to continue consultations and coordination as a way of promoting peace, stability and development in those regions.