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中国近现代史纲要分类笔记

ALGIERS, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- Visiting top Chinese legislator Wu Bangguo held talks Wednesday with Abdelaziz Ziari, speaker of the Algerian National Assembly, on issues of common concern and they agreed to boost bilateral relations and cement cooperation between the two parliaments.     China and Algeria always handle the bilateral relations from a strategic perspective, said Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), highlighting that the relations have endured the test of time since the two countries established diplomatic relations 50 years ago.     Wu expressed his appreciation of Algeria's adherence to the one-China policy, noting that China respects the choice Algerian people have made on path to develop their own nation.     China feels satisfied with the current bilateral cooperation especially with the two-way collaboration at multilateral occasions on issues of UN reform, human rights and anti-terrorism, he said.     Wu offered a four-point proposal to promote China-Algeria relations: firstly, maintain high-level exchange and increase political mutual trust; secondly, expand the substantial cooperation especially in infrastructure, agriculture and energy for mutual benefit; thirdly, intensify the exchange on humanitarian issues to carry out the traditional friendship; and lastly, strengthen coordination with an aim to safeguard the common interests.     Ziari, for his part, called Wu's visit to Algeria "a big event "for the bilateral relations and "a symbol" marking a higher level of the inter-parliamentary cooperation.     The speaker agreed with Wu's views on the bilateral relations and recalled the fact that China was the first non-Arab country who recognized Algeria's independence and forged the diplomatic relations with it, while expressing his gratitude to China's assistance to Algeria's national development. Wu Bangguo(2nd L, front), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, and Abdelaziz Ziari (2nd R, front), Speaker of the Algerian National Assembly, sign on a memorandum on the exchange and cooperation between the top legislatures of China and Algeria in Algiers, Algeria, on Nov. 4, 2008.Algeria and China shared a solid foundation to foster ties and Algeria would unswervingly support China's constructive role on world affairs and make joint efforts with China to transfer the political will of developing ties into real actions so as to enrich the bilateral cooperation and enhance the strategic and cooperative ties, Ziari said.     On the inter-parliament cooperation, Wu said one of his main purposes of the visit is to further promote the friendly relations between the two parliaments and push forward the cooperation among the various special inter-parliamentary committees and friendly groups.     Ziari highlighted the commitment of the Algerian National Assembly to promoting the friendly relations with the NPC, calling on the two sides to boost cooperation so as to inject new vitality into the bilateral cooperation.     The two parliament leaders also signed a memorandum on the inter-parliamentary cooperation after the talks.     Wu, who is on the first leg of his five-nation Africa tour, also met with Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika in the day. Wu spoke highly of the bilateral relations, saying the ties between the two nations are "in their best time."     Wu said the good political relations should work effectively to promote the development of the trade cooperation, pledging that China would make concerted efforts with Algeria to step up cooperation with mutual benefit and give a fully play to the two business communities especially on some big projects which could help push forward the overall development. Wu Bangguo (L, front), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, meets with Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika in Algiers, Algeria, on Nov. 4, 2008.The Chinese government would encourage Chinese enterprises with good reputation to start their business and invest in Algeria, and it also welcomes Algerian companies to further their investment, Wu told Bouteflika.     Echoing Wu's views, Bouteflika said China is a sincere friend of Algeria, noting that the North African country expects to work closely with China and hopes to see more Chinese enterprises to invest in Algeria.     Algeria and China should work together on such fields as energy and resource, infrastructure and telecommunication, the president added.     The two leaders also called on the concerned parties of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum to strengthen their cooperation to further carry out the agreements inked at the Beijing Summit and focus on the next-phase cooperation at an early date.

MOSCOW, Oct. 27 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao arrived here on Monday for an official visit aimed at strengthening China's strategic partnership with Russia.     During his three-day stay here, Wen is scheduled to hold talks with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin and Chairman of the State Duma, the lower house of Russia's parliament, Boris Gryzlov. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Alexei Borodavkin upon his arrival at the airport in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 27, 2008. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao arrived here on Monday for an official visit aimed at strengthening China's strategic partnership with RussiaTopics of discussion include regional and international issues and bilateral cooperation in areas such as economy and trade, energy, nuclear power, science and technology, according to a Chinese Foreign Ministry official.     In a written statement delivered upon arrival at the airport, Wen hailed the level of China-Russia strategic and cooperative partnership in recent years as unprecedented.     The two nations have enjoyed expanding basis for common interests, increasing mutual trust, more fruitful cooperation and closer strategic cooperation in international and regional affairs, he said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (front L) attends the welcoming ceremony held by Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Alexei Borodavkin upon his arrival at the airport in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 27, 2008. The continuous development of bilateral strategic and cooperative partnership conforms to the fundamental interests of the two peoples, and is conducive to peace and stability in the region and the world at large, said the Chinese premier.     He said he will exchange candid views with Putin on major issues concerning substantial bilateral cooperation.     Wen's meeting with Putin will be the 13th regular talk between the prime ministers of the two countries. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R, front) is greeted upon his arrival at the airport in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 27, 2008. The Chinese premier said he will also exchange views with Medvedev and parliament leaders on bilateral ties as well as international and regional issues of common concern.     Wen said he believed this visit will help promote bilateral political mutual trust, deepen their substantial and strategic cooperation, enhance the mutual understanding and traditional friendship between the two peoples, and inject new vigor into the sustained, sound and steady growth of bilateral relationship.     Russia is the first leg of Wen's two-nation tour, which will also take him to Kazakhstan on Oct. 29.     In Astana, capital city of Kazakhstan, Wen will attend the 7th prime ministers' meeting of Shanghai Cooperation Organization member countries. His visit will end on Oct. 31.

KUWAIT CITY, Dec. 28 (Xinhua) -- China vowed here on Sunday to further its pragmatic cooperation with Kuwait in the various fields in a bid to step up the bilateral relations to a higher level.     In his meeting with Emir of Kuwait Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang called on the two sides to promote high-level exchange based on equality and mutual benefit, political mutual trust as well as cooperation on trade.     China highly values its ties with Kuwait and the two nations have offered mutual understanding and support on issues with the irrespective key concern, Li said.     Li also said that China is ready to strengthen cooperation with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) which plays a very important role in the Gulf region.     The dialogue mechanism with GCC would launch next year and the negotiation on a free trade area has entered into a critical phase, Li said, expressing his belief that Kuwait would continue to play a significant role to boost China-GCC relationship. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang(R,front) visits the operation center of Kuwait's third mobile telephony network contracted to build by China's Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. in Kuwait City, Dec. 28, 2008.     Echoing Li's views, Emir Al-Sabah highlighted the growth of cooperation between the two nations such as economics and trade, promising that the country would continue to push forward the bilateral relations.     Emir Al-Sabah also expressed his appreciation to China's efforts on the Middle East issue and willingness to, as a GCC member, work with China to safeguard the regional peace and stability.     Li pays the visit to Kuwait at the invitation of Kuwaiti First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defense Sheikh Jaber MubarakAl-Hamad Al-Sabah.     Kuwait is the final leg of Li's 11-day overseas visit, his first foreign visit since he took office as vice premier in March, which has already taken him to Indonesia and Egypt. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang(R) visits the operation center of Kuwait's third mobile telephony network contracted to build by China's Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. in Kuwait City, Dec. 28, 2008.     According to official statistics, China and Kuwait renewed their record of bilateral trade volume in 2007 with 3.6 billion U.S. dollars, a 30 percent growth compared with that of 2006.     China imported 2.3 billion dollars worth of goods from Kuwait in 2007, with 90 percent of oil products, while only exporting 1.3billion dollars of goods to Kuwait.

伊宁打掉孩子医院那里好

Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (2nd L) addressed a meeting at which a group of heads of agencies of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the central government discussed how to implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 12, 2008    BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping on Friday urged Communist Party of China (CPC) cadres to combine the spirit of "scientific development" with the nation's endeavors to deal with current economic problems.     Xi addressed a meeting in Beijing, at which a group of heads of agencies of the CPC Central Committee and the central government discussed how to implement the Scientific Outlook on Development.     Xi said the ongoing campaign to educate Party cadres on the Scientific Outlook on Development should focus on how to maintain a steady economic growth, despite global economic woes, through more scientific and efficient work.     He said this was desirable because the ultimate goal of the campaign was that China achieve sustainable, broad-based development under the leadership of the CPC.     The Scientific Outlook on Development represents important guiding principles for China's economic and social development. It was initiated by the CPC in 2003 and written into the CPC's constitution during the 17th National Congress of the Party in 2007.     The principles emphasize a people-first approach, while requiring comprehensive and sustainable development with a dual emphasis on speed and quality.     In September, the CPC launched an 18-month educational campaign, asking all Party cadres and officials to study the principles while applying them in their own work.     Xi Jinping said the annual Central Economic Work Conference, which concluded on Wednesday, had made a full plan on maintaining stable and healthy growth next year through domestic demand expansion and economic restructuring.     He said central government organs, often as key policy makers, should check whether shortcomings in their own work had hindered the implementation of the key policies.     "At present the top task for us is to identify and solve those shortcomings that could have negative impacts on economic growth, vital interest of the people and social stability," he said.

BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media selected the 10 most popular phrases from the past three decades to mark the official 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, which falls on this month.     When China began to reform and open-up 30 years ago, people began experiencing, seeing and doing new things. In fact things were so new, they needed to create new words to describe what was happening.     In order of popularity, starting with number one:     "Go in for business"     In the 1980s when China was starting to transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it had a two-track pricing system (official and market prices) for industrial raw materials, including steel, non-ferrous metals, timber and coal.     Seeing business opportunities within the pricing system, many people, especially government employees and those from state-run factories or institutes, quit their jobs to open their own businesses.     "Going for business" was often used to refer to the phenomena of people breaking away from the constraints of a planned system to embrace the market economy. 　　"Be laid off and get re-employed"     To adapt to the market economy and improve competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the 1990s, China began restructuring.     "Encouraging mergers, standardizing bankruptcy, laying off and reassigning redundant workers, streamlining for higher efficiency" was a guideline in the SOEs reforms.     No official statistics show how many workers were laid off during that period, but experts estimate the number could be tens of millions.     To avoid social unrest and help most of those workers find new jobs, the Chinese central government offered occupational trainings, small loans and preferential tax policies.     "Migrant worker"     China's reform and opening-up drive started in rural areas in 1978 with collectively-owned farmland contracted to individual families. This freed about 100 million peasants from farm work.     However, most of these people were tied to the countryside by a residence-based rationing system for virtually everything, including food. About 63 million of these former farmers were given jobs in village-run enterprises that mushroomed in those days.     A policy change in 1984 allowed them to find jobs in cities but the massive migration of rural laborers didn't start until after China decided to move to a market economy in 1992.     The rapid inflow of investors created many construction, factory and mining jobs, most of which urban dwellers consider too tiring or dirty.     The number of migrants grew from 60 million in 1992 to 120 million in 2003 and 210 million this year, according to central government figures.     The work of the migrant population has generated 21 percent of China's gross domestic product in the past 30 years, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has found. But migrant workers face various problems, including delayed pay schedules, no or low work-place injury compensation, lack of health care and little schooling for their children.     "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice."     This sentence was used by late leader Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, on different occasions to clear up doubts as to whether the economic reform was capitalist or socialist.     The sentence helped stop ideological arguments at the early stage of reform and encouraged generations of Chinese to pursue their dreams in the market economy. 　　"Surfing the Internet"     The Internet was introduced in China more than 10 years ago. It quickly gained popularity and impacted society.     While online music, instant communication services, video streaming and online games greatly entertained millions of Chinese, the Internet also became a powerful news medium where information was disclosed, shared and publicized quickly.     Through June, China had 221 million netizens, according to the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). The netizen population, which had already surpassed that of the United States to become the world's largest, would increase to 263 million by the end of this year, DCCI forecasted.     E-commerce transactions amounted to 2 trillion yuan (about 300 billion U.S. dollars) in 2007 and 25 percent of netizens had bought something online after "surfing the Internet" as of June this year. 　　"Reform and opening-up"     In 1978, a group of villagers from Xiaogang village in eastern Anhui Province decided to adopt a household contract responsibility system, which entrusted the management and production of public owned farmland to individual households through long-term contracts.     Later the system, described by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping as "a great invention of Chinese farmers", was widely adopted across the country and triggered economic reform.     Over the past 30 years, the country witnessed significant changes in comprehensive national strength, people's living standards and international influence thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.     China's share of the world's combined gross output rose to 6 percent at the end of 2007, compared with just 1.8 percent in 1978when its reform and opening-up began, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     Fast economic growth over the past 30 years lifted China's GDP ranking in the world from 10th in 1978 to fourth after the United States, Japan and Germany     According to the NBS, China's per capita income jumped to 2,360U.S. dollars in 2007 from 190 U.S. dollars in 1978.     "Beijing Olympic Games"     Many believe that without opening-up, it would be impossible for China to host the 2008 Beijing Olympics.     The Games, commended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge as "truly exceptional", were seen by the world as China's come-of-age show on the international stage.     China grabbed a total of 100 medals at the Beijing Games -- a coincidence as the country dreamt for 100 years to be the Olympic host -- and overtook the United States to top the gold medal count with 51.     As the most watched Games in history, with an estimated 4.5 billion TV and Internet viewers, the Beijing Olympics attracted the most participants, who were from a record 204 countries and regions.     "Speculate in stocks"     In 1990, China opened its first stock exchange in Shanghai, the country's industrial and financial center. In 1991, it set up its second bourse in Shenzhen, the country's first special economic zone.     China witnessed waves of stock crazes over the years and fluctuations in the stock market touch the nerves of millions of Chinese.     In 2007, the country saw a bull stock market, with the key benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soaring from 2,728 points in January to 5,261 points, or 92.85 percent, on December 28.     In fact, the market has been on a bullish run for 29 months from June 6, 2005 to November 2007, longer than the general bullish market cycle of 17 to 24 months.     But it has dipped since last November.     "Chinese characteristics"     The phrase became well-known as an answer by late leader Deng to the question of how China could improve its productivity and people's lives with its less-developed economy.     Deng's answer was "to build socialism with Chinese characteristics". It means China has its own way of development rather than copying other countries' experiences.     The phrase is frequently quoted by the Chinese and used in China's official documents.     "Rise abruptly"     The phrase, or "Xiong Qi" in Chinese meaning "Go! Go!", is a dialect of southwest China's Sichuan Province. It was originally used by football fans to inspire teams in the 1990s.     The phrase soon became popular among the Chinese public and was used widely outside the sports field to encourage people to keep up their spirits.     After the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan, Chinese used the phrase to show their care and support to the quake-affected areas and people.     The 10 phrases were selected by 15 Chinese media, including the Beijing Evening News, the Shanghai Evening Post, the Tianjin-based Jin Wan Bao, the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News and the Shanxi Evening News.     Newspapers, which are based in 15 provinces and municipalities, started soliciting catch phrases from the public in October, according to the Beijing Evening News.     The list, voted on by readers and netizens, was publicized in Shanghai on Saturday.

LONDON, Feb. 2 (Xinhua) -- Airbus and Xi'an Aircraft Industry Company (XAC) signed a cooperation agreement here on Monday to have the A320 Family wing "fully completed and tested" in China.     The agreement signed by Brian Fleet, Airbus senior vice president, and Meng Xiangkai, president of XAC, in London, in the presence of the visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his British counterpart Gordon Brown.     According to this fourth phase of the agreement, the wing equipping and testing will be done in Tianjin in a facility to be newly built close to the A320 FALC by XAC, a wholly owned subsidiary of China Aviation Industry Corporation (AVIC).     The fully equipped and tested wings will be directly delivered to the nearby Final Assembly Line.     The wing box structures assembled by XAC in China are now completed at Airbus' Broughton site, before being transported to the Final Assembly Line in China.     The wing equipping operations are expected to start at the end of 2009, followed by the first delivery of a fully equipped set of wings in the first quarter of 2010.     "With this project, Airbus is fulfilling its support to the cooperation agreement regarding A320 China wing manufacture," said Fleet.     He said that having this facility close to the FALC is the most efficient industrial solution which will save transportation costs, reduce lead-time and risks in handling, and ensures quicker response time to our customers.     Meng said that "I am confident that we will also be successful with this fourth phase, after successes in the first three phases."

伊宁那家大医院做人流好

BEIJING, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- The pursuit of harmony is a basic value and the fundamental spirit of Chinese culture, State Councilor Liu Yandong told representatives of the 2008 Beijing Forum on Friday.     More than 300 scholars from more than 40 countries participated in the forum, with the theme "The Harmony of Civilization and Prosperity for All-The Universal Value and the Development Trend of Civilization."     Liu congratulated the forum, saying its theme was highly significant.     She said the concept of harmony had become a key criterion in many types of relations: among peoples, between individuals and society, among nationalities and states, among cultures and between humans and nature.     "It is especially important for academic and educational institutions to promote multinational cultural communication under globalization," said Liu.     Co-sponsored by Peking University, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education and the Korea Foundation for Advanced Studies, the Beijing Forum 2008 -- the fifth such annual meeting -- convened on Nov. 7. The forum will focus on the environment, the Olympic spirit and the global financial crisis.

BANGKOK, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- The first Chinese charter plane organized by Chinese government landed Saturday afternoon at U-Tapao airport, some 180 kilometers from Bangkok to bring back home Chinese tourists stranded in Bangkok due to anti-government protestors' siege of the two Bangkok airports.     The first flight from China Eastern Airlines, a A300 airplane, arrived at about 4:30 p.m. local time (0930GMT) at the small and crowded military airport to board 261 passengers back to Shanghai. It will be followed by four other charter planes, from the China International Airlines, China Southern Airlines and Shanghai Airlines.     The five planes will take the first batch of some 1,400 stranded Chinese back to Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai, hopefully to take off on late Saturday. Chinese tourists, once stranded after the closure of airports in Bangkok, arrive at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, in Shanghai, on Nov. 29, 2008. The 46 tourists returned to Shanghai on Saturday aboard a Dragonair flight. They had to drive to Phuket island, more than 1,000 km south of Bangkok, to be flown to Hong Kong and then the Chinese mainlandChinese Ambassador to Thailand Zhang Jiuhuan, who arrived at the airport to receive the first flight, said that the Chinese government has arranged the second batch of planes to fly to Thailand on Sunday.     At the airport, which the Thai government made a make-shift international air departing port, over 10,000 passengers flooded into the airport since the morning, causing heavy traffic jam on ways from Bangkok towards the airport.     Nearly 100,000 passengers have missed flights since People's Alliance for Democracy (PAD) protestors besieged and shut down Bangkok's two main airports Suvarnabhumi International Airport and Don Mueang domestic airport on Tuesday. The total number of the affected travelers could hit 300,000 as the two airports remained closed, Tourism and Sports Minister Weerasak Kowsurat said Saturday.     The total of stranded Chinese, including those from Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macao, was estimated at about 4,000, according to the Chinese Embassy here.

伊宁怀孕几天能够测出来

CHENGDU, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- Premier Wen Jiabao extended Lunar New Year greetings on behalf of the government and joined holiday festivities in quake-hit Sichuan Province in southwest China over the weekend.     Wen visited villagers, students, medical workers and police in Beichuan, Deyang and Wenchuan, which were among the worst-hit areas in the 8.0-magnitude quake that struck on May 12.     It was Wen's seventh visit to the province since the quake, which was centered in Wenchuan County. The earthquake left more than 69,000 people dead, 374,000 injured, 18,000 missing and millions homeless.     Wen started with a visit to Wang Chengyi's home on Saturday afternoon. Wang, a middle-aged villager of Qiang nationality, lives in a newly-built Qiang village in Beichuan County. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C) talks to women of Qiang ethnic group at Maoershi Village, Leigu Township of Beichuan County, southwest China's Sichuan Province, Jan. 24, 2009. Wen Jiabao came to the quake-hit counties of Beichuan, Deyang and Wenchuan in Sichuan Province on Jan. 24 and 25, celebrating the Spring Festival with local residents.     He told the premier that his new home was built with more than 20,000 yuan (2,940 U.S. dollars) of government subsidies, 50,000 yuan of interest-free loans and some of his own savings. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) cooks at a kitchen shared by several families at the prefabs in Yingxiu Township of Wenchuan County, southwest China's Sichuan Province, Jan. 25, 2009. Wen Jiabao came to the quake-hit counties of Beichuan, Deyang and Wenchuan in Sichuan Province on Jan. 24 and 25, celebrating the Spring Festival with local residents "It is like a dream for me to celebrate the Lunar New Year in anew house," he said. Wen wished the family a warm and happy holiday.     The premier then went to the village square to attend the traditional Qiang new year's celebration. "I hope that all the Qiang people will be happy and healthy, and the Qiang culture will thrive forever," Wen told the villagers.     He had dinner at the Beichuan Middle School and encouraged the students to work hard for the future. More than 1,000 of the school's 2,900 students and teachers died in the earthquake.     On Sunday morning, Wen visited new homes in Deyang City's Xinyu Village. He watched a lion dance and played table tennis with villagers.     Wen also visited medical workers at the Deyang City People's Hospital and extended televised greetings to police and firefighters in Sichuan.     At Dongfang Steam Turbine Works, a large state-owned enterprise, he urged employees to have confidence in Dongfang's development in spite of the quake destruction and global financial crisis.     Wen then visited Yingxiu Town in Wenchuan County, the epicenter of the quake. In a community of makeshift houses, Wen went into a kitchen shared by the Wu's and two other families and joined them in preparing dinner for the Spring Festival's Eve. He even cooked a dish of Hui Guo Rou (Sauteed sliced pork with pepper) for them. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) shares the twice-cooked pork slices he cooked with family members of local resident Wu Zhiyuan, in Yingxiu Township of Wenchuan County, southwest China's Sichuan Province, Jan. 25, 2009. Wen Jiabao came to the quake-hit counties of Beichuan, Deyang and Wenchuan in Sichuan Province on Jan. 24 and 25, celebrating the Spring Festival with local residents. The three families of belong to Tibetans, Qiang and Han nationalities. Wen had the dinner with them and exchanged new year's greetings with them.     "You will spend this Spring Festival in the prefabricated houses. By the next Spring Festival, you would surely have moved into new houses. We will speed up the reconstruction work...so that all the quake-stricken areas will be even more beautiful than they used to be, and the people here will live a even better life," said Wen.

BEIJING, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- Many Chinese received a smaller bonus this year because of the global financial crisis and decided to tighten their belts - but they still let their hair down for the traditional Spring Festival.     The freezing weather and slowdown in economic growth did not affect Chinese people's festivities, with supermarkets and shopping malls crowded with shoppers seeking goods for the Spring Festival celebration.     Even dairy products, which have experienced shrinking sales because of the melamine scandal, were selling.     Milk powder products of domestic brands have reappeared on the shelves, a Xinhua reporter found in Wal-Mart at Xuanwumen, Beijing.     "This is the safest period for dairy products as the government has intensified quality supervision and inspection after the scandal," said saleswoman Qiao Xinhong.     Many Chinese people like to buy boxed milk or yogurt for family reunions or as gifts to friends and relatives during the holiday.     Dairy products, however, were only one part of people's shopping list, and snacks with wider varieties, clothes, jewellery and home appliances were also popular.     The week-long Spring Festival holiday, which starts from Sunday, is China's closest equivalent to the West's Christmas shopping season.     According to the Ministry of Commerce, sales at the country's major retailers on Thursday were 2.4 times as much as that on December 31.     China's real retail sales growth in December accelerated 0.8 percentage points from November to 17.4 percent, according to figures released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) Thursday.     Retail sales jumped by 21.6 percent last year to 10.8 trillion yuan (1.6 trillion U.S. dollars), which was 4.8 percentage points higher than 2007.     The booming Chinese market has become more attractive to foreign retail giants, who have suffered from weak demand caused by the global financial crisis.     "Although the global financial crisis has weighed on China's economy, the fundamental of the country's economy remains unchanged and we are very optimistic about the prospects for the Chinese market," Britain's largest retailer Tesco told Xinhua in an email.     Sales in the rural market, which is believed to have the great potential to boost domestic demand, has reported month-on-month increases since May. November retail sales in rural areas rose 18.3 percent, 8.2 percentage points higher compared with the same period of 2007 and for the first time surpassed urban consumption growth.     Wei Wanqian, a farmer in eastern China's Shandong Province, was busy with the last-minute preparations to celebrate the Spring Festival. He bought a new tractor earlier this month.     "Boosting domestic demand should be the government's major taskof economic work," said Zuo Xiaolei, senior analyst at the Beijing-based Galaxy Securities.     "Effective boosting measures along with the improvement of social security system will accelerate the consumption growth by two to three percentage points this year," Zuo said.     The State Council, or the Cabinet, has taken an array of measures to enhance domestic consumption. These included improving the rural distribution network, promoting the subsidized home appliance program and boosting festival consumption.     More detailed measures would come out in March during the delivery of the government work report, sources said.     Although the impacts of global financial crisis were still unfolding, some positive signs surfaced in December economic date, officials and analysts have said. These included the figures on money supply, consumption and industrial output.     Whether the "positive changes" represented a trend was unclear, NBS director Ma Jiantang said.