我是人大小代表

公文写作指导

National guidelines on economically affordable housing were released on Friday night along with new State measures on housing for low-income families, which come into effect on Saturday.Economically affordable houses ought to be around 60 sq m per unit, said the guidelines jointly released by the Ministry of Construction, the National Development and Reform Commission, and five other ministries.It said eligible purchasers will "have limited property rights", and that the apartments can only be directly sold after five years.Moreover, the document limited fundraising for cooperative housing units to independent mining corporations on the outskirts of cities and enterprises with a significant number of employees with housing problems, while stressing that they must do so with their own properties.Eligible applicants of the Measure on Low-rent Housing Security, meanwhile, are no longer limited to city households with the lowest income, but will also include all lower-income urban families with housing issues.Government subsidies, the usual means of securing housing for these social groups, are to be gathered from rental fees on low-rent housing, credit risk reserves, housing provident funds, social donations and security funds. Local governments must also spend 10 per-cent of the local land-use fees on developing low-rent housing, said the measure, released by nine ministries on Monday.Because situations vary across the 656 cities that had adopted the mechanism as of October, the measure allows special funds to be allocated to central and western regions that find it financially difficult to support the construction of low-rent homes.Additionally, the construction area of these apartments, limited to 50 sq m per unit, should be granted preferential status on a stand-alone basis in land supply schemes and annual land-use applications.Months earlier, the central government urged local governments to reserve at least 70 percent of the land designated for residential construction for units under 90 sq m. But since the housing security system is expected to cover all low-income Chinese families by 2010, implementation of the new measure and relevant policies has a long way to go.Figures from the Ministry of Construction show that nearly 10 million households still live in a housing space, per capita, of less than 10 sq m. Up to the end of 2006, only 268,000 families, or 6.7 percent of all households living on a minimum allowance, and 2.7 percent of all low-income households in China, had benefited from low-rent housing policies.Despite a record 7.04 billion yuan (.52 million) of central government investment in low-income housing so far this year, 50 billion yuan is needed every year for the next five years to continue to broaden coverage, the People's Daily reported.To address the housing problems of urban low-income families, for example, Shanghai is to pour in a total of 2 billion yuan in providing 500,000 sq m of low-rent apartments by the end of this year, Shanghai's Jiefang Daily reported on Friday.The money will come from the 8.3 billion yuan coffers of the Shanghai public housing reserve fund.Cong Chen, a staffer at the Department of Policy and Regulation of Shanghai Provident Fund Management Center, confirmed the information.The project, launched last month, has already secured 150,000 sq m of land in Jiading, Baoshan and several other districts in Shanghai, 70 percent of which are completed flats.These flats are said to be lo-cated in areas with comparatively mature transportation and living facilities, such as metro stations and bus stops, for the convenience of low-income tenants, the Jiefang Daily said.

China, with a record .2 trillion of foreign-exchange reserves, will keep the "bulk" of its US dollar holdings because the currency is one of safest investment options, a People's Bank of China assistant governor said. The dollar remains "important" because trade and foreign direct investment is conducted mostly in the currency, Yi Gang told delegates at a meeting that was closed to the media at the World Economic Forum in Singapore. Asian central banks will continue to hold most of their reserves in dollars, he said. "Safety, return and liquidity are the three most important elements that people should consider when they talk about reserves," Yi said in a recording of the discussion that was obtained by Bloomberg News. "As far as we're concerned, the serious reduction of the dollar reserve is a small probability," he said, adding that any adjustments to its dollar holdings will be "incremental." China's gross domestic product expanded 11.1 percent in the first quarter, making it the world's fastest-growing major economy, led by sustained demand for its exports to the US and other trading partners. Diversification of the nation's foreign-exchange reserves will be gradual and won't hurt the dollar or financial markets, Market News International said last month, citing Ding Zhijie, one of five advisers to the reserves agency's committee. 'Gradual Process' China's trade surplus, which the Asian Development Bank estimated will climb by 45 percent to a record 7 billion next year, has sparked calls for further gains in China's yuan. Some US lawmakers have said that the yuan was undervalued by 40 percent to make China's exports cheap and pledged trade sanctions as punishment. The central bank expects the yuan exchange rate will gradually move toward a "market-oriented direction," Yi told reporters after the meeting Monday. The currency has risen about 8.6 percent since the dollar link was abandoned in July 2005. "The central bank of China has the responsibility to keep the exchange rate at more or less a stable level," Yi said. "The mechanism is more toward a market-oriented direction."

BEIJING - China's currency, the yuan, hit a new high against the US dollar on Thursday, following an overnight key interest rate cut in the United States.The yuan, also known as the renminbi, went up 145 basis points from the previous day to a central parity rate of 7.1853 yuan to one dollar, breaking the 7.19 mark.The Federal Reserve on Wednesday cut US interest rates by a bold half-percentage point as part of its efforts to shore up economic growth.The move came just eight days after the US central bank slashed rates by three quarters of a percentage point, leading the dollar to weaken against other major world currencies.The Chinese currency had appreciated against the greenback by about 12 percent since a new currency regime was imposed in July 2005 to revalue and de-peg it from the dollar.It had climbed 6.9 percent against the dollar in the past year, but some US critics say it remains undervalued, giving Chinese exporters an unfair advantage and resulting in the massive trade imbalance between the two countries.China was not against revaluation of the yuan, but opposed "excessively rapid" appreciation that was inappropriate to its national conditions, Commerce Minister Chen Deming said last month.Premier Wen Jiabao also said China would improve the yuan's exchange rate mechanism in a controllable and gradual manner, let the market play a bigger role in the mechanism and enhance the currency's flexibility.

seo怎样排名

China, the world's largest tobacco producer and consumer, will ban all forms of tobacco promotion by January 2011.A ban on tobacco advertising has been in place since 1996, but firms have managed to sidestep the rules and promote their brands in other more subtle ways such as sponsoring sporting events, or using their logos without mentioning "cigarettes" on television, radio and in newspapers and magazines.Xu Guihua, vice-president of China Tobacco Control Association, made the landmark announcement on Monday at a seminar in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong Province. She said the country is committed to fulfill its obligations to the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.China formally became a member of the convention last January.Xu said the nation lags behind other countries in efforts to control the use of tobacco, and the biggest problem is the lack of national regulations banning smoking in public areas.To date, fewer than half the cities have framed rules on smoking bans in some public spaces. Efforts to ban smoking in other areas such as karaoke parlors and restaurants have been stifled by unwilling owners and managers who fear a loss of business.Figures from the Ministry of Health show that China has an estimated 350 million smokers, almost a third of the world's 1.1 billion smokers.Cigarette makers spent more than 1.6 billion yuan (2 million) to promote their brands last year, according to China Youth Daily.In 2005 the government collected 240 billion yuan (.7 billion) in tobacco taxes.According to the WHO convention, tobacco products must carry prominent health warnings on the packaging.This measure needs to be implemented within three years from when China signed the convention.Within five years, China must fulfill it commitment to comprehensively ban all forms of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship.Last year, authorities found there were 231 instances of tobacco promotion considered illegal. The violators were fined a mere total of 1.23 million yuan (2,780).A senior official from China's State Tobacco Monopoly, who did not want to be named, said the administration was "actively taking measures" to fulfill its obligations to the convention.Regulations to further control tobacco promotion on the Internet were expected shortly, he said.Despite a willingness to cooperate, the official said tobacco producers were lawful enterprises, and it was not fair to "butcher the industry"."There is market demand for tobacco, people can choose if they smoke or not," he told China Daily.He said tobacco firms are using scientific and technological improvements in tobacco products to "lower" the harmful effects of smoking.However the WHO has long argued there is no way to make smoking healthier.Yang Yan, a researcher with Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, said 12 percent of deaths in China are caused by tobacco related illnesses, and by 2025, that figure will climb to 33 percent.

XINTAI, Shandong -- Fifty million yuan (US.6 million) has been donated for miners from the two flooded collieries and their families in east China's Shandong Province by Sunday noon, according to local sources.The money shall be used for rescue work, consolation for relatives of the trapped miners, and subsidy for other miners as operation of the mines is suspended.Among the donators, the China National Coal Group Corp. was the first to offer a large amount -- one million yuan (US1,578.9). Following suit was the the adjacent Xinwen Coal mine that donated 3.2 million yuan (US1,052.6).After the accident, governments of Jinan and Qingdao, two big cities in Shandong, each donated three million yuan (US4,736.8); Jining and Laiwu, the neighboring cities of Xintai, provided two million yuan (US3,157.9) and one million yuan respectively.Individuals were also involved in the nationwide effort, among whom was Gao Runze, who donated 20,000 yuan and 10 tons of disinfectors worth about 30,000 yuan. Gao had been trapped in a flooded coal mine 58 years ago and was rescued with 30 fellows.A garbage collector Li Quan who lives in the Huanyuan residential quarter donated 200 yuan. "Many miners and their relatives helped me a lot in the past," he said, "I don't have much money but this is what I can do."Flood water swept through a 65-meter wide breach in the Wenhe River levee on August 17, inundating the Huayuan and Minggong mines, leaving 181 people trapped underground.Chinese water resources specialists have blamed the disaster largely on heavy rain and inadequate flood prevention facilities.Local government publicized a donation phone number +86 539 7837050, and old miners of Huayuan called on for donations to help miners and their families tide over the disaster.Eight pumps are busy working in the mines, piping out 4,129 cubic meters of water per hour.By 6 pm Sunday, water level in the shaft of Huayuan coal mine has dropped to 61.54 meters, 30.46 meters down from the highest level. But rescuers have to lower the water level by another 91.54 meters to reach the 172 trapped miners.In the nearby Minggong coal mine, water level has lowered to 61.92 meters.Apart from the rescue work, consolation work was also underway for the families of the trapped workers. The tragedy had a heavy blow on the company's community, and one out of every 50 families has someone trapped down the pit.Sixty family members had been hospitalized with high blood pressure or heart problems, said Huangpu Tinghua, deputy general manager of Huayuan Mining Co. Ltd.Earlier at this weekend, the families of 172 miners trapped in it had each received 2,000 yuan (US6). And officials said China would not give up on the 181 trapped miners.

BEIJIN - A Chinese zoo will compensate a man whose daughter was mauled to death by a tiger while she was waiting to have her picture taken with it, the official Xinhua news agency said on Wednesday. Visitors pose for a picture with a tiger chained to a shelf at a park in Huaibei, East China's Anhui Province in this March 26, 2006 file photo.[newsphoto] The six-year-old was preparing to be photographed with a tiger from a local circus last month when a camera flash startled the animal and it turned on the girl who was standing behind, "biting her head", the report said. Kunming zoo, in China's southwest, will pay the father 340,000 yuan (,980), it added. "Nothing can compensate for the loss of my daughter. I hope the government can ban dangerous circus performances in case more people are hurt," Xinhua quoted father Mo Jicai as saying. In 2001, a female worker at the same zoo was also killed by a tiger. And in January, a tiger at the Kunming Wildlife Park attacked another child, but zookeepers were able to open the animal's mouth and save the child, Xinhua said.

排名优化甜柚网络皆观

Aerospace experts saved the country's first ever manned space mission as the spaceship faced a potentially lethal impact while flying through the communications blackout area before landing, the country's space authorities revealed yesterday.China became only the third country to put a man in space, after the former Soviet Union and the United States, when Yang Liwei orbited the Earth in 2003 in what was a resounding success for its space program.But Xinhua News Agency reported that this was almost not so, quoting the Xi'an Satellite Monitor and Control Center's report on the dangers the Shenzhou V rocket faced."Yang lost every means to communicate with the ground command and control headquarters as he entered the ( Earth atmosphere), which fell in the worst-case scenario prepared by the space mission team," Xinhua quoted Dong Deyi, head of the center, as saying.Communications go down when any spacecraft re-enters the Earth's atmosphere, but in Yang's case, "even radar could not capture any signal from the returning module", Dong was quoted as saying. "After the Shenzhou V came out of the blackout area, the echo signals from the spaceship were still volatile, which sufficiently threatened the safe landing of astronaut Yang."Mission control promptly ordered optical guiding and tracking instead of a communication-guided landing, Dong was quoted as saying."Aerospace technologists used cinetheodolites (optical trackers) on the ground to measure the spacecraft's position and record movements. Precise positioning of the spacecraft enabled officers to properly control the slow-down parachute, which was vital to a soft landing."But the landing was 9 km east of the planned site, Dong said.China began its clandestine manned space program in 1992. The country has since spent at least 20 billion yuan (.64 billion) on the project and sent three astronauts into orbit.Dong also revealed that at least three orbiting satellites were malfunctioning during certain periods, but all had been salvaged by experts since October 2006.The Xi'an center, established on June 23, 1967, in the mountains of Northwest China, has monitored and controlled more than 100 satellites and the six Shenzhou spaceships. According to official records, China now has at least 19 satellites orbiting the earth.China plans to chart every inch of the moon's surface as part of its ambitious space program.China, which plans to launch a lunar orbiter called "Chang'e I" in the second half of this year to take 3D images, would aim to land an unmanned vehicle on its surface by 2010, Zhang Yunchuan, minister of the commission of science, technology and industry for national defense, said on Friday.Xinhua-Agencies

WASHINGTON: A team of researchers found there is not much difference between the sexes when it comes to talking, when you actually count the words. The researchers placed microphones on 396 college students in the United States and Mexico for periods ranging from two to 10 days, sampled their conversations and calculated how many words they used in the course of a day. The score: Women, 16,215; Men, 15,669. The difference: 546 words: "Not statistically significant," say the researchers in Friday's edition of the journal Science. "What's a 500-word difference, compared with the 45,000-word difference between the most and the least talkative persons" in the study, Matthias R. Mehl, an assistant psychology professor at the University of Arizona, who led the research, said. He said the least talkative person in the study - a male - used just over 500 words a day, while another male topped that by more than 45,000. Co-author James W. Pennebaker, chairman of the psychology department at the University of Texas, said the researchers collected the recordings as part of a larger project to understand how people are affected when they talk about emotional experiences. They were surprised when a magazine article asserted that women use an average of 20,000 words per day compared with 7,000 for men. If there had been that big a difference, he thought, they should have noticed it. "Although many people believe the stereotypes of females as talkative and males as reticent, there is no large-scale study that systematically has recorded the natural conversations of large groups of people for extended periods of time," Pennebaker said. Indeed, Mehl said, one study they found, done in workplaces, showed men talking more. Still, the idea that women use nearly three times as many words a day as men has taken on the status of an "urban legend", he said. Agencies

中国seo

First Deputy Prime Minister and presidential candidate Dmitry Medvedev smiles during a news conference at his election headquarters in Moscow March 3, 2008.  (Xinhua/Reuters Photo)    BEIJING, March 3  -- Chinese President Hu Jintao Monday congratulated Dmitry Medvedev on his victory in Russia's presidential election.     With the joint efforts of both sides, China and Russia have seen in-depth and all-around development in their strategic partnership of coordination, Hu said during a telephone conversation with Medvedev.     China and Russia have continued to strengthen mutual political trust and made fruitful achievements in pragmatic cooperation, he said, noting the successful national theme years held respectively in the two countries in 2006 and 2007.     The Chinese government will unswervingly boost the strategic partnership of coordination with Russia on the basis of mutual respect, trust and support, Hu said.     Hu said he is willing to make concerted efforts with Medvedev to push forward the two countries' strategic partnership of coordination.     In their telephone conversation, Hu also invited Medvedev to visit China at an early date.     For his part, Medvedev said Russia and China have continued to make headway in pragmatic cooperation in such fields as trade and economy, as well as conducting significant coordination in international affairs.     He described Russia-China ties as a key factor in current international relations, saying that to develop the strategic partnership of coordination is the only option for Russia's policy toward China.     Russia is ready to work closely with China to push their bilateral relations to a new high, said the president-elect.     Medvedev thanked Hu for his invitation, saying he is looking forward to a visit to China and a meeting with the Chinese president.     Medvedev, first deputy prime minister of Russian President Vladimir Putin's cabinet, won a landslide victory in Sunday's presidential election.

China's quality watchdog cracked 23,000 cases of fake and low-quality food from December 2006 to May 2007, involving 200 million yuan (26 million U.S. dollars). A total of 180 food manufacturers were shut down during the six months for making substandard food or using unedible materials for food production, said Han Yi, a senior official with the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, at a press conference on Tuesday. The administration launched the nationwide fight against illegal food production and processing in December last year, mainly targeting food makers in the countryside and food for everyday consumption, including baby milk powder, rice, wheat powder and meat products. In 2006, China's industrial and commercial authorities ferreted out 68,000 fake food cases and withdrew 15,500 tons of substandard food from the market, according to the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. Forty-eight cases were handed over to judicial departments.