步入初三

樟子松幼苗培育技术的研究

LANZHOU, Jan. 18 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang urged the restoration of people's livelihood in the quake-hit regions during his visit in northwestern Gansu Province between Jan. 15 and Jan. 17.     Some areas of Gansu were shattered by the devastating May 12 earthquake centered in Wenchuan of neighboring Sichuan Province last year. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R) visits poor villager Liao Zhenxiang in Hedong Village of Longnan City, in northwest China's Gansu Province, on Jan. 16, 2009. Li Keqiang, also a member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China Central Committee Political Bureau, made an inspection tour in Gansu Province from Jan. 15 through 17. Efforts should be made to ensure that all people in the quake-hit regions had enough food to eat, had clothes to resist the cold and were well housed in the freezing winter, Li said when visiting quake-affected villagers.     More support should be given to speed up the building of permanent housing with a precondition that the quality must be guaranteed, he said.     "Housing construction can not only help quake-affected people restore life as soon as possible, but is also helpful to boost investment, consumption and economic growth," he said. Villager Zhao Danlin (2nd L, front) displays his relief coupon to Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L, front) in the Longtou Village of Longnan City, in northwest China's Gansu Province, on Jan. 16, 2009He also called for quicker restoration of public facilities, which would serve the economic and social development in the quake-hit regions.     During his visit in Longfeng Village, Li talked with some farmers who had returned because of employment difficulty in cities.     There were lots of job opportunities in the country, he said. "You can go to the interior region if it is hard to find a job in the coastal area; you can shift to work in the service sector as job opportunities are limited in the industrial sector; you can also start your own business at your hometown without going outside."     Li urged governments and departments concerned to provide more training and guidance to help rural workers get a job and guarantee a stable increase in employment.

BEIJING, Nov. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese industry faced a grim situation, as the global financial crisis would have a deep impact on the industrial and information technology sectors, a senior official warned on Wednesday.     Zhu Hongren, an official with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said the country needed to increase investment in key areas and weak points of the industrial economy. The government should maintain a reasonable investment scale and step up technical innovation.     He said the imbalance between weakening demand and expanding capacity would become more problematic as the crisis spread. Labor-intensive and export-oriented businesses would be hurt as prices of energy and raw materials would continue fluctuating.     Among others, the electricity, textile and non-ferrous metal industries had already sustained heavy losses, with 18.3 percent of large industrial companies losing money during the first eight months of the year.     Industrial output growth fell to 11.4 percent in September, the lowest since April 2002. Power generation and oil production grew a mere 3.4 percent and 3.7 percent, respectively, while steel output fell 9.1 percent year-on-year.     In the first three quarters, the value of industrial exports rose 15.7 percent, which was 6.1 percentage points less than a year earlier.

BEIJING, Nov. 12 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said on Wednesday that increased environment protection efforts would help significantly to boost domestic demand and open new economic growth points. China would continue to make environmental protection a priority to benefit the people and ensure a stable economy, he told the annual meeting of the China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED).     China faced difficult tasks in protecting its environment as itwas the world's biggest developing country with huge economic growth potential. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (C) attends the annual general meeting of China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development in Beijing, capital of China, Nov. 12, 2008.    He also pledged the country would coordinate economic, social resources and environmental development.     China would actively cooperate with other countries in environment protection technology, management and human resources, he said.     He said the country had decided to adopt active fiscal policies and moderately easy monetary policies in response to the global financial crisis and make other important adjustments to maintain economic growth.     Established in 1992, the CCICED is composed of leading experts and public figures from China and abroad, and is responsible for submitting proposals and advisory opinions to the Chinese government.

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TAIPEI, Jan. 2 (Xinhua) -- The United Daily News, one of the biggest newspapers in Taiwan, said in an editorial on Friday that the six proposals put forward by Hu Jintao on the cross-Straits relationship are "positive" and "explicit".     The editorial said that people in Taiwan mostly hold positive opinions about the six proposals, made by General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee Hu Jintao on New Year's Eve, and see goodwill and understanding in them.     It noted that in Hu's address, he shows understanding that "Taiwan consciousness" does not equal to "Taiwan independence consciousness". In addition, Hu also said the mainland is willing to discuss with Taiwan "proper and reasonable arrangements" for Taiwan's participation in activities of international organizations as long as such activity does not create a scenario of "two Chinas" or "one China and one Taiwan." Chinese President Hu Jintao addresses a ceremony commemorating the 30th anniversary of the announcement of Message to Compatriots in Taiwan, held in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 31, 2008. The Chinese mainland commemorated the 30th anniversary of the announcement of Message to Compatriots in Taiwan here Wednesday with a ceremony.     Hu made the six proposals on promoting the peaceful development of the cross-Straits relationship in his speech to commemorate the30th anniversary of the mainland's "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan."     He called for increased communication and exchange in all areas and said the mainland would actively respond to any constructive proposals that would boost the peaceful development of the cross-Straits relationship.     Hu said the two sides could step up contacts and exchanges on military issues "at an appropriate time" and discuss establishing a mechanism to boost mutual trust on military security.

 BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese mainland official said on Friday that the mainland is ready to launch a direct postal service across the Taiwan Straits slated for next Monday.     The direct postal service would end a situation that has prevailed since 1949, under which air, sea and postal movements between the Chinese mainland and Taiwan have gone through a third place.     Wang Yuci, deputy head of the State Post Bureau of China, said Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Xi'an, Nanjing and Chengdu in the Chinese mainland, and Taipei, Kaohsiung, Keelung, Kinmen and Matsu of Taiwan were selected as regional distribution centers for the service.     Distribution centers would be adjusted or added based on future needs, he noted.     New services between post bureaux across the Taiwan Straits including express mail, parcel post, and postal remittances would start from next Monday to meet the needs of people on both sides, he said.     Before, only registered mails were allowed to be sent across the Taiwan Straits following an agreement signed by the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) and the Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) in 1993.     Parcels, remittances and express mails could only be sent via Hong Kong and Macao.     However, the official said the new postal remittance service would be carried out by phases because of technical problems.     Residents on the mainland could cash their remittance from Taiwan next Monday, while Taiwan residents had to wait until January or February, he said.     In early November, the ARATS and the SEF, authorized by the Chinese mainland and Taiwan respectively to handle cross-Straits issues, signed the agreements on direct postal services during their first summit in Taipei.     The two sides also signed agreements on direct shipping and flights, and food safety.

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BEIJING, Dec. 1 -- Amid the coupling effects of shrinking global demand and rising operating costs, it has been a dramatic upheaval this year for domestic small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) after China started its reforms 30 years ago.    Even as the scene appears a bit scary, there is still a ray of hope if only entrepreneurs note the writing on the wall and go all out to cut costs before they raise the clamor for a bailout.Two women make beds on a production line of the small private firm Nangang Shoemaking Factory in Foshan, Guangdong province.In the first half of 2008, much before the world saw the capital markets going topsy turvy amid the global economic slowdown, over 67,000 SMEs in China went bankrupt, while more than 10,000 labor-intensive textile enterprises downed shutters, according to figures from the Department of SMEs under the National Development and Reform Commission.    In October, 714 companies were closed in Dongguan in Guangdong province, home to over 60,100 private companies and a major manufacturing center in China.     "We will see more companies closing in the coming months, with the figure likely to cross 1,000 after Christmas," says Dongguan Deputy Mayor Jiang Ling.     Most of the international buyers of Chinese products failed to get letters of credit in October leading to significant cancellations of Christmas orders, says Frank FX. Gong, chief China economist at JPMorgan Securities (Asia Pacific) Limited in a recent report. "Indeed, 'things suddenly ceased' was the common comment we heard on the ground lately," he says.     But for some like Luo Chun, sales director of tin box maker Dongguan Tinpak Co, the freeze on Christmas orders has not yet meant closing. Luo says overseas order fell by 10 percent from June to October, normally the peak time for Christmas orders.

BEIJING, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- China's economy cooled to its slowest pace in seven years in 2008, expanding 9 percent year-on-year as the widening global financial crisis continued to affect the world's fastest-growing economy, official data showed Thursday.     Gross domestic product (GDP) reached 30.067 trillion yuan (4.4216 trillion U.S. dollars) in 2008, Ma Jiantang, director of the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), told a press conference.     The 9-percent rate was the lowest since 2001, when an annual rate of 8.3 percent was recorded, and it was the first time China's GDP growth fell into the single-digit range since 2003.     The year-on-year growth rate for the fourth quarter slid to 6.8 percent from 9 percent in the third quarter and 9.9 percent for the first three quarters, according to Ma. Graphics shows China's gross domestic product (GDP) in the year of 2008, released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) on Jan. 22, 2009. China's GDP reached 30.067 trillion yuan (4.4216 trillion U.S. dollars) in 2008, expanding 9 percent year-on-year.    Economic growth showed "an obvious correction" last year, but the full-year performance was still better than other countries affected by the global financial crisis, said Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the Development Research Center of the State Council, or cabinet.     He attributed the fourth-quarter weakness to reduced industrial output as inventories piled up amid sharply lower foreign demand.     Exports, which accounted for about one-third of GDP, fell 2.8 percent year-on-year to 111.16 billion U.S. dollars in December. Exports declined 2.2 percent in November from a year earlier.     Industrial output rose 12.9 percent year-on-year in 2008, down 5.6 percentage points from the previous year, said Ma.     SEEKING THE BOTTOM     Government economist Wang Xiaoguang said the 6.8-percent growth rate in the fourth quarter was not a sign of a "hard landing," just a necessary "adjustment" from previous rapid expansion.     "This round of downward adjustment won't bottom out in just a year or several quarters but might last two or three years, which is a normal situation," he said.     A report Thursday from London-based Standard Chartered Bank called the 6.8-percent growth in the fourth quarter "respectable" but said the data overall presented "a batch of mixed signals."     It said: "We probably saw zero real growth in the fourth quarter compared with the third quarter, and it could have been marginally negative."     The weakening economy has already had an impact on several Chinese industrial giants. Angang Steel Co. Ltd. (Ansteel), one of the top three steel producers, said Wednesday net profit fell 55 percent last year as steel prices plunged. It cited weakening demand late in the year.     However, officials and analysts said some positive signs surfaced in December, which they said indicated China could recover before other countries.     December figures on money supply, consumption, and industrial output showed some "positive changes" but whether they represented a trend was unclear, said Ma.     Outstanding local currency loans for December expanded by 771.8 billion yuan, up 723.3 billion from a year earlier, according to official data.     Real retail sales growth in December accelerated 0.8 percentage points from November to 17.4 percent. Industrial output also accelerated in December, up 0.3 percentage points from the annual rate of November.     Wang Qing, Morgan Stanley Asia chief economist for China, said GDP growth would hit a trough in the first or second quarter. China will perform better than most economies affected by the global crisis and gradually improve this year, he said.     Zhang also predicted the economy will touch bottom and start to recover later this year, depending on the performance in January and February.     Zhang forecast GDP growth of more than 8 percent for 2009, based on the assumption that domestic demand and accelerating urbanization would help cushion China from world economic conditions.     Wang Tongsan, an economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said whether GDP growth exceeds 8 percent this year depends on how the world economy performs and how well the government stimulus policies are implemented.     Ma characterized the "difficulties" China experienced in the fourth quarter as temporary, saying: "We should have the confidence to be the first country out of the crisis."     Overall, the economy maintained good momentum with fast growth, stable prices, optimized structures and improved living standards, said Ma.     China's performance was better than the average growth of 3.7 percent for the world economy last year, 1.4 percent for developed countries and 6.6 percent for developing and emerging economies, he said, citing estimates of the International Monetary Fund.     "With a 9-percent rate, China actually contributed more than 20 percent of global economic growth in 2008," said Ma.     He said the industrial structure became "more balanced" last year, with faster growth of investment and industrial output in the less-developed central and western regions than in the eastern areas.     Meanwhile, energy efficiency improved: energy intensity, the amount of energy it takes to produce a unit of GDP, fell 4.21 percent year-on-year in 2008, a larger decrease than the 3.66 percent recorded in 2007, said Ma.     WORRIES ABOUT CONSUMPTION     A slowing economy poses a concern for the authorities, which they have acknowledged several times in recent weeks, as rising unemployment could threaten social stability. It could also undermine consumer spending, which the government is counting on to offset weak external demand.     The government has maintained a target of 8 percent annual economic growth since 2005.     China announced a 4 trillion-yuan economic stimulus package in November aimed at boosting domestic demand.     Retail sales rose 21.6 percent in 2008, 4.8 percentage points more than in 2007, said Ma.     Ma said he believed domestic consumption would maintain rapid growth as long as personal incomes continue to increase and social security benefits improve.     Urban disposable incomes rose a real 8.4 percent last year, while those of rural Chinese went up 8 percent, he said.     Analysts have warned that consumption could be affected if low rates of inflation deteriorate into outright deflation and factory closures result in more jobless migrant workers.     The urban unemployment rate rose to 4.2 percent at the end of 2008, up 0.2 percentage point year-on-year.     Ma said about 5 percent of 130 million migrant workers had returned to their rural homes since late 2008 because their employers closed down or suspended production. Other officials have said that 6.5 percent or even 10 percent of migrant workers have gone home after losing their jobs.

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BERLIN, Jan. 29 (Xinhua) -- China and Germany have vowed to make joint efforts to stabilize the global economy amid the ongoing financial and economic crisis, said a joint statement issued Thursday.     The cooperation between China and Germany, the world's two major export-driven economies, is of special significance for the world's efforts to tackle the financial downturn, said the statement released after visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's meeting with German Chancellor Angela Merkel.     The two sides agreed to strengthen dialogue on economic and trade, currency and fiscal policies and pledged to support each other on their economic stimulus plans based on their own situations, it said.     China and Germany have agreed to enhance their comprehensive strategic partnership and cooperation in jointly dealing with the global economic crisis, Wen told a press conference following his meeting with Merkel.     The strengthened Sino-German cooperation is of special significance in the context of the current world economic downturn, said Wen. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao addresses the Fifth Chinese-German Forum for Economic and Technological Cooperation in Berlin, Jan. 29, 2009The two nations should strengthen cooperation in various fields and press ahead with their comprehensive strategic partnership, which bears global responsibility amid an ailing global economy, the Chinese premier added.     Echoing Wen's remarks on bilateral cooperation, Merkel said his visit has further promoted German-Chinese cooperation in such fields as politics, economy and culture.     Germany is ready to promote bilateral cooperation in improving energy efficiency, environmental protection and intellectual property protection, she said.     Merkel also called on the two nations to further enhance bilateral trade and economic relations despite the harsh economic environment.     According to the joint statement, both nations will also seek to broaden their cooperation and inject new impulse into the economic growth, especially on such fields as climate change, infrastructure construction, transportation and logistics, financial services, and information technology, it noted.     The two nations will continue to strengthen cooperation, especially in the sector of the innovative technology through such mechanism as the China-Germany joint commission for economic cooperation and the Sino-German economic and technical cooperation forum, it said.     Meanwhile, the two nations also agreed to encourage bilateral cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) pledging to introduce supportive measures for SMEs activities in investment, financing, taxing and trade, it added.     The two sides also stressed the importance of curbing trade protectionism, saying they will oppose trade and investment protectionism in whatever forms.     They also pledged to implement the consensus reached in the G20 Washington Summit in efforts to push forward the reform of global financial system.     At a forum on Sino-German economic and technical cooperation on Thursday, Wen proposed that in addition to trade in goods, the two sides should expand cooperation in such service sectors as banking, insurance, telecommunications, logistics.     European enterprises can absolutely increase their exports of advanced technical equipment, which would overcome the difficulties they are facing currently, but also meet the demand from the Chinese market, said Wen.     The Chinese government welcomes German enterprises to play a more active role in promoting technical innovation, upgrading industrial structure, and fostering development coordination in various regions in China.     Chinese companies are also encouraged to build manufacturing bases, marketing network, and research institutions, said the premier.     Also on Thursday, China and Germany signed six deals, including a memorandum of understanding on the transfer from Germany of parts of the core technologies for the maglev railway projects in China.     Other agreements cover cooperation in climate protection, the car industry, construction of Chinese ecological city Xuzhou, and exchanges between the museums of the two countries.     Germany is the second leg of Wen's European tour after Switzerland, where he attended the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF). The week-long trip will also take him to the European Union headquarters in Brussels, Spain and Britain.

BEIJING, Dec. 18 (Xinhua) -- China held a meeting on Thursday morning to celebrate the 30th anniversary of its reform and opening-up drive, which turned the once poverty-stricken country into one of the world's largest economies.    Top leaders, including President Hu Jintao, attended the ceremony, which started at the Great Hall of the People in downtown Beijing at 10:00 a.m. China held a meeting on Thursday morning to celebrate the 30th anniversary of its reform and opening-up drive, which turned the once poverty-stricken country into one of the world's largest economies    The celebration also drew nearly 6,000 Chinese from all walks of life.     In a speech at the ceremony, Hu said 30 years to the day witnessed the opening of the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee.     That meeting ushered in a new historic period of reform and opening-up, marking the most significant turning point in the Party's history since the New China was founded in 1949, he said.     By gathering here today to commemorate the 30th anniversary of that meeting, Hu said they are meant to fully recognize the significance and great achievements of the reforms, sum up experience, and continue to develop the country on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.     Hu said China's gross domestic product (GDP) kept growing at an annual rate of 9.8 per cent for three decades, more than three times the world average. China held a meeting on Thursday morning to celebrate the 30th anniversary of its reform and opening-up drive, which turned the once poverty-stricken country into one of the world's largest economies    The President said China's GDP had soared from more than 360 billion yuan (about 52 billion U.S. dollars) in 1978 to 24950 billion yuan in 2007, making China become the world's fourth largest economy.     The past 30 years have been a period in which China's overall national strength has risen by a big margin, and the Chinese people have received more tangible benefits than ever before, he said.     The country has carried out extensive international exchanges and cooperation, through which China's economy was boosted, he said, adding in the process, China has also made important contribution to the world's economic development.     China's economic reforms started 30 years ago after the 10-yearCultural Revolution (1966-1976), which left the country on the verge of economic breakdown.     The decision to open up the once-secluded country and reform its moribund economy was made at the 3rd plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which started on Dec. 18, 1978.     The date is commonly regarded as a watershed in China's development.